Issue 24, 2024

Exploring novel Cd(ii) complexes with 5-methyl-4-imidazolecarboxaldehyde: synthesis, structure, computational insights, and affinity to DNA through switchSense methodology

Abstract

A series of four Cd(II) complexes with 5-methyl-4-imidazolecarboxaldehyde (L) with different inorganic anions within or outside the coordination sphere of general formula: [CdCl2L2] (1), [CdBr2L2] (2), [CdI2L2] (3), and [CdL4](PF6)2·3H2O (4) was synthesized through one-step and two-step reactions, respectively. All complexes were obtained as colorless crystals without the need for recrystallization and exhibited solubility in aqueous solutions. Structural analysis revealed different coordination environments for each complex, with variations in bond lengths and angles. The crystal packing of the complexes was stabilized by hydrogen bonding and π–π stacking interactions. FT-IR analysis indicated coordination of the ligand to the metal ion, and UV-Vis studies confirmed the stability of the complexes in solution. Computational analysis has revealed the polar nature of the complexes and their favorable stability constants. Affinity studies with DNA using the switchSense technique demonstrated rapid association and dissociation processes for all complexes, with temperature-dependent binding constants. Thermodynamic analysis suggested spontaneous with positive entropy change and endothermic formation processes for the complexes. Overall, the study underscores the synthesis, examination, and interaction with DNA of Cd(II) complexes, demonstrating their promise within medicinal chemistry.

Graphical abstract: Exploring novel Cd(ii) complexes with 5-methyl-4-imidazolecarboxaldehyde: synthesis, structure, computational insights, and affinity to DNA through switchSense methodology

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
25 mar 2024
Accepted
27 máj 2024
First published
29 máj 2024

Dalton Trans., 2024,53, 10347-10360

Exploring novel Cd(II) complexes with 5-methyl-4-imidazolecarboxaldehyde: synthesis, structure, computational insights, and affinity to DNA through switchSense methodology

M. Kowalik, P. Nowicka, J. Brzeski, N. Żukowska, J. Masternak, K. Kazimierczuk and M. Makowski, Dalton Trans., 2024, 53, 10347 DOI: 10.1039/D4DT00879K

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