Air-stable mixed cation lead halide perovskite films and microscopic study of their degradation process

Abstract

We report the preparation and nanoscale photophysical characterization of mixed cation perovskite films of the composition MA_1−xFA_xPbI₃, with x = 0, 0.3 and 0.5. Films with x = 0.5 and 0.3 prepared in air using ethyl acetate as an antisolvent in a one-step spin-coating process are compositionally stable in ambient air for more than a year, in contrast to films prepared using a chlorobenzene antisolvent. The onset of degradation of the films near the film edges was monitored using in situ photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. The PL spectra of the degradation products are consistent with the PL spectra of 2D perovskite sheets of varying thicknesses. Morphologically, aging of the films brings about coalescing of the film grain structure into larger crystal grains. Furthermore, monitoring of the time traces of PL from individual nanoscale locations in the films (PL blinking) reveals that aging of the films does not change the extent of dynamic PL quenching or affect the observed long-range charge diffusion on the order of micrometers.