Yet another perspective on hole interactions, part II: lp-hole vs. lp-hole interactions

Abstract

Most of the experimental and theoretical work in hole interactions (HIs) is mainly focused on exploiting the nature and characteristics of σ and π-holes. In this perspective, we focus our attention on understanding the origin and properties of lone-pair holes. These holes are present on an atom opposite to its lone-pair region. Utilizing some new and old examples, such as X₃N/P⋯F⁻ (X = F/Cl/Br/I), F-Cl/Br/I⋯H₃P⋯NCH and H₃B–NBr₃ along with other molecular systems, we explored to what extent these lp-holes participate in lp-hole interactions, if they participate at all.