Recent developments in organic synthesis for constructing carbon frameworks using transposition strategies

Abstract

Transposition reaction has remained as the versatile and eco-friendly approach in organic synthesis, providing a sustainable route for generating complex molecules with lower negative impact on the environment. In particular, transposition reaction facilitates selective rearrangement of molecular fragments, which aid the strategic bond disconnections that cover the synthetic pathways and improve the atom economy of the reaction. Moreover, it minimizes the need for high-energy intermediates or reagents, where as in transposition methods support green chemistry principles, including waste reduction, energy efficiency, and sustainability. Besides, transposition strategies render the reaction to occur under mild conditions, making them appealing alternatives to conventional synthetic methods. Due to the limited availability of well-structured reviews in this domain, we first present distinct classes of transposition reactions, with an emphasis on the influence of catalytic systems, reaction conditions, and substrate characteristics on both efficiency and selectivity predominantly relevant to the individual significance of carbonyl, alkene, chirality, allylic alcohol, and functional group transpositions. The versatility of these reactions for creating diverse molecular scaffolds from readily available substrates opens up new avenues for the synthesis of bioactive compounds, pharmaceuticals, natural products and merely represent a compelling tool for advancing greener, more efficient approaches for organic synthesis.