Graphene oxide coupled carbon nitride homo-heterojunction photocatalyst for enhanced hydrogen production

Abstract

This contribution reports the synthesis, characterization and application of a new ternary homo-heterojunction photocatalyst for improved hydrogen production via water-splitting. The heterostructure is constructed by soft-grafting of graphitic carbon nitride (GCN) and graphene oxide (GO) into an amorphous carbon nitride (ACN) substrate. In this ternary hybrid, a cascaded redox-junction is formed that significantly facilitates the separation of photogenerated electron–hole pairs (EHPs), retards EHP recombination and shuttles electrons to the photocatalyst/liquid interface for proton reduction reactions. When deposited with 3 wt% Pt as a cocatalyst, this new photocatalyst exhibits hydrogen production of 251 μmol h⁻¹ from 10 vol% aqueous triethanolamine solution under visible light (420 nm) irradiation with an apparent quantum efficiency of 6.3%. This ternary photocatalyst therefore outperforms stand-alone/binary photocatalysts and promises to be a viable alternative to metal-based photocatalysts.