Issue 17, 2024

Construction and characterization of stable multi-species biofilms formed by nine core gut bacteria on wheat fiber

Abstract

Microbial aggregation mainly occurs on the intestinal epithelium, mucosal layer and undigested food particles in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Undigested food particles are usually insoluble dietary fiber (IDF), which can be easily obtained through daily diet, but there are few studies investigating whether the gut bacteria adhering to undigested food particles can form multi-species biofilms. In this study, we prepared mono- and multi-species biofilms using 18 core gut bacteria via a dynamic fermentation method, and it was found that multi-species composed of nine core gut bacteria (M9) showed the best biofilm formation ability. Cell counts of the nine bacteria in multi-species biofilms were 9.36, 11.85, 10.17, 9.93, 12.88, 11.39, 10.089, 9.06, and 13.21 Log10 CFU mL−1. M9 was tightly connected and regularly stacked on wheat fiber and had larger particle sizes than mono-species biofilms. M9 retained biofilm formation ability under pH and bile salt stresses. A human feces invasion experiment demonstrated that M9 can stably adhere to wheat fiber under the interference of complex gut bacteria, and the M9 multi-species biofilm had positions that can be filled by various gut bacteria. Metabolome results indicated that the M9 multi-species biofilm had more metabolic productions and more complex interspecies interactions than mono-species biofilms. This study provides a dynamic fermentation method to prepare multi-species biofilms on wheat fiber in vitro. It will also offer a research basis for clarifying whether gut bacteria can utilize IDF to form biofilm structures in vivo and the possible interspecific interactions and physiological functions of bacteria in biofilms.

Graphical abstract: Construction and characterization of stable multi-species biofilms formed by nine core gut bacteria on wheat fiber

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
19 mar 2024
Accepted
17 jul 2024
First published
31 jul 2024

Food Funct., 2024,15, 8674-8688

Construction and characterization of stable multi-species biofilms formed by nine core gut bacteria on wheat fiber

T. Zhang, Y. Xiao, H. Wang, J. Zhu, W. Lu, H. Zhang and W. Chen, Food Funct., 2024, 15, 8674 DOI: 10.1039/D4FO01294A

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