Issue 4, 2022

Cracking the immune fingerprint of metal–organic frameworks

Abstract

The human body is in a never-ending chess game against pathogens. When the immune system, our natural defence tool, is weakened, these organisms are able to escape, overcoming the body's contingency plan, which results in the body going into a pathological state. To overcome this checkmate status, emerging nanomedicines have been successfully employed as one of the best tactics for boosting the immune response, manipulating the body's defence tools for the specific recognition/elimination of pathological cells via the active ingredient delivery. However, the vast majority of these drug-delivery systems (DDS) are considered to be exclusively passive vehicles, with nanoscale metal–organic frameworks (nanoMOFs) attracting a great deal of attention due to their versatility and ability to carry and deliver exceptional drug payloads and to modulate their biological bypass. Nonetheless, their intrinsic immunogenicity character has been never addressed. Considering the immense possibilities that nanoMOFs offer as a treatment platform, the present study aimed to unveil the immunological fingerprint of MOFs, including an in-deep evaluation of the cellular oxidation balance, the inflammation and recruitment of immune cells and the precise Th1/Th2 cytokine profile that is triggered. This study aims to gain insights that will make more feasible the design of customized immune-active MOF nanoplatforms according to targeted diseases, as the next ace up immune system sleeve.

Graphical abstract: Cracking the immune fingerprint of metal–organic frameworks

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Edge Article
Submitted
27 jul 2021
Accepted
02 nov 2021
First published
05 nov 2021
This article is Open Access

All publication charges for this article have been paid for by the Royal Society of Chemistry
Creative Commons BY-NC license

Chem. Sci., 2022,13, 934-944

Cracking the immune fingerprint of metal–organic frameworks

T. Hidalgo, R. Simón-Vázquez, A. González-Fernández and P. Horcajada, Chem. Sci., 2022, 13, 934 DOI: 10.1039/D1SC04112F

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