Issue 35, 2024

Synergistic surface modulation with isotropic 2D GA2PbI4 and Lewis base enhances efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells

Abstract

The commonly used post-treatment agents of large-cation ammonium salts for perovskite solar cells (PSCs) exhibit significant effectiveness but still encounter limitations, as a large spacing distance within the resulting two-dimensional (2D) perovskite could impede the vertical charge transport. Herein, we introduce a multifunctional agent of guanidinium acetate (GAAc), which exhibits a synergistic effect arising from the cation and anion on regulating the perovskite's defects. Specifically, the GA+ cation transforms into a 2D perovskite of GA2PbI4, which forms a type I heterojunction with the original 3D perovskite. In contrast to the traditional anisotropic layered 2D perovskite with a preferred out-of-plane orientation, GA2PbI4 showed an isotropic orientation, which contributes to more efficient carrier transport in the vertical direction. Additionally, the lone electron pairs of Ac can coordinate with Pb2+. The synergistic effect of the cation and anion suppresses the non-radiative charge recombination and improves the ion migration activation energy of perovskites. As a result, the GAAc-treated device achieved a remarkable power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 25.22%. When scaling up to an active area of 1 cm2, the devices still achieved a PCE of 24.18%. Moreover, the optimized device showed a T80 operational lifetime of 2073 hours at the maximum power point tracking.

Graphical abstract: Synergistic surface modulation with isotropic 2D GA2PbI4 and Lewis base enhances efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
05 jun 2024
Accepted
01 ago 2024
First published
02 ago 2024

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2024,12, 23551-23559

Synergistic surface modulation with isotropic 2D GA2PbI4 and Lewis base enhances efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells

P. Song, L. Shen, L. Zheng, E. Hou, P. Xu, J. Yang, C. Tian, Z. Wei, X. Zhang and L. Xie, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2024, 12, 23551 DOI: 10.1039/D4TA03904A

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