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Carbon engineering for sodium batteries: multi-role architectures bridging material design and hybrid system innovation

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COPNA resin-derived hard carbon: enhanced low-voltage plateau behavior from three-dimensional structured precursors

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Chemical regulation of carbonization enables structure-tailored hard carbon anodes from recycled polypropylene separators

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Illuminating the multi-stage sodium storage mechanisms in high-rate porous hard carbon: mechanistic insights from a pore architecture

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Flame-retardant polymer-enabled space-confined carbonization toward quasi-spherical hard carbon for high-rate sodium storage

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Frozen slab method mediated sulfur-affinitive single-atom catalysts for efficient reversible sodium storage

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Green upcycling of retired asphalt into “vortex-crosslinked” carbon anodes for high-performance sodium-ion batteries

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Expediting Sodium Energy of Hard Carbon by Cation/Anion Co‐Interfering Chemistry

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Endogenous MoC/Mo2C Nanoscale Heterostructures Confined in Hollow Porous Carbon Spheres Toward Sodium‐Ion Capacitors

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Scalable Steam‐Assisted Pyrolysis for Hard Carbon Anodes Toward High‐Performance Alkali‐Ion Storage

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Revisiting inactive constituents in sodium-ion batteries: Uncovering hidden drivers of performance

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Regulation of the pyrolysis process of precursors for biomass-based hard carbons to optimize the sodium storage performance and scalable production

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Atomic‐Scale Interface Engineering for Robust Sodium‐Ion Battery Anodes with Superior Stability and High Energy Density

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High‐Compaction Spherical Carbon with Tunable Rich Pore Structures for Efficient Sodium Storage

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High Value Utilization of Waste Biomass Carbon for Rapid CO2 Electroreduction and Stable Sodium‐Ion Storage

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Microwave-assisted rapid synthesis of P-doped hard carbon with multi-closed pores for high-performance sodium-ion batteries

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Unlocking Kinetic Limitations in Hard‐Carbon Anodes to Enable Practical Fast‐Charging Sodium‐Ion Batteries

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Revisiting sodium storage mechanisms in closed-pore hard carbons: nucleation vs. clustering under potential-driven charge effects

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Research Progress on Halide Solid‐State Electrolytes: Synthesis, Mechanism, and Modification

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Recent Advances of High‐Rate Hard Carbon Anodes for Sodium‐Ion Batteries: Correlations Between Performance and Microstructure

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Elimination of volatile components in cellulose enabling ultrahigh initial Coulombic efficiency in sodium-ion batteries

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Designing an Anionic Layer in Low‐Concentration Electrolytes to Promote In‐Plane Ion Diffusion for Dendrite‐Free Zinc‐Ion Batteries

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Camellia oleifera shell–derived hard carbon materials for use in high-stability sodium-ion batteries

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Urea‐Linked Covalent Organic Framework as a Li‐Ion Guided Channel Enabling Ultra‐Stable Lithium Metal Anode in Carbonate‐Based Electrolyte

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Constructing closed-pore hard carbon by intergrowth EDTA-2K and coal pitch for highly reversible Na-Ion storage

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Dynamic control of crystallization rate enables efficient sodium storage in coal-based hard carbon: Synergistic effects of short-range ordered structure and closed pores

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Biomass-Derived Hard Carbon Anodes for Sodium-Ion Batteries: Recent Advances in Synthesis Strategies

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A Weak-Fluorine-Bond Molecule Stabilizes Hard Carbon Anodes for Practical Sodium-Ion Batteries

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One anode, three ions: Mechanistic distinctions of Li+, Na+, and K+ storage in commercial hard carbon for alkali-ion batteries

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Green potassium salt activation of biomass carbon unlocks high-performance zinc-iodine batteries

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Structural Modulation of Hard Carbons via Composition Regulation toward Efficient Sodium Storage

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Advanced Sustainable Systems, 2025, 9
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Multiscale simulation for electrolyte design: From microstructure-property decoding to macroscopic performance prediction

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Regulating the structure of hard carbon derived from industrial waste to boost sodium storage performance

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Closed-pore engineering of hard carbon via three-stage pyrolysis toward high initial coulombic efficiency in sodium-ion batteries

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Developing next-generation hard carbon anodes for fast-charging sodium-ion batteries

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From Waste to Power: Gas–Solid Coupling-Modified Rubber Carbon Anodes with 87% Coulombic Efficiency for Sodium-Ion Batteries

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Confined graphitization of cellulose polymorphs enables high-performance piezoresistive electronics

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Depolymerization of PET Waste to Battery Materials: A Roadmap toward a Zero-Emission Society

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Unlocking the potential of fossil fuel-derived hard carbons in sodium-ion batteries: Mechanistic insight and design strategies

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Modulating diffusion kinetics and interfacial stability via in situ constructed fluoronitrided interfaces for highly durable sodium-metal batteries

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In-situ characterization for sodium/potassium-ion batteries: probing dynamic processes to unlock performance

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Tuning Microstructures of Hard Carbon Anode by Rapid Pre-foaming Strategy for Superhigh-Rate Sodium-ion Storage Performance in Low-plateau Region

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Recent advances modification of hard carbon materials and its application in sodium ion batteries

Mingjun Xiao, Xihang Dai and Yue Jiang

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Constructing closed pores in hard carbon via deep oxidation-crosslinking of bituminous coal for enhanced plateau capacity of sodium storage

Houhua Cen, Ping Xu, Lan Hu, Xiaodong Wang, Wenqiang Zhu and Zhean Su

Chemical Engineering Journal, 2026, 534, 175324
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Comprehensive Understanding of Closed Pores in Hard Carbon Anode for High-Energy Sodium-Ion Batteries

Siyang Gan, Yujie Huang, Ningyun Hong, Yinghao Zhang, Bo Xiong, Zhi Zheng, Zidong He, Shengrui Gao, Wentao Deng, Guoqiang Zou, Hongshuai Hou and Xiaobo Ji

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Bifunctional crosslinking-induced structural engineering towards improved sodium storage in pitch-derived hard carbon

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Ultrafast Thermal Engineering in Energy Materials: Design, Recycling, and Future Directions

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ACS Nano, 2025, 19, 17199
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Thermal Gradients Optimizing the Microstructure of Hard Carbon for Practical Sodium‐Ion Batteries

Qinghang Chen, Zhiyong Yang, Pandeng Zhao, Wenjie Huang, Huan Ma, Xiangxi He, Qianxiong Wen and Xingqiao Wu

Carbon Neutralization, 2026, 5
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Removal of hemicellulose from alkaline lignin improved electrochemical performance of hard carbon for sodium-ion battery application

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Constructing multi-doped porous carbon/sulfur cathodes via steam puffing technology for lithium-sulfur batteries

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Molecular reconfiguration of pitch-derived hard carbon anodes with balanced thermodynamic stability and rapid sodium storage kinetics for high-performance sodium-ion batteries

Chuangchuang Li, Qinghang Chen, Yinghao Zhang, Pandeng Zhao, Xiangxi He, Qinfen Gu, Jiazhao Wang, Shu-Lei Chou and Xingqiao Wu

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Closed‐Pore Engineering in Hard Carbon for Sodium Ion Storage: Advances, Challenges and Future Horizons

Weijun Zhang, Yuxuan Du, Yuqian Qiu, Chong Li, Ihar Razanau, Aitkazy Kaisha, Fei Xu and Hongqiang Wang

Advanced Energy Materials, 2025, 15
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Sequential Dual‐Phase Oxidation Engineered Structure of Pitch‐Derived Hard Carbon towards Improved Sodium‐Ion Storage

Ying Mo, Biao Zheng, Wenwen Yang, Yanqing Wu, Liren Zhang, Guoku Liu, Liqiang Ouyang, Hui Liu, Peng Gao and Jilei Liu

Advanced Sustainable Systems, 2026, 10
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Adsorptive removal of carbamazepine and paracetamol using sugarcane bagasse-derived activated carbon: Experimental optimization and mechanistic insights

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Molecular-level precursor regulation strategy aids fast-charging hard carbon anodes for sodium-ion batteries

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Synergistic integration of phosphorus doping and closed-pore architecture in starch-derived hard carbon for advanced sodium-ion storage

Yunfei Shen, Yuhang Xin, Qingbo Zhou, Bojian Fan, Yingshuai Wang, Hui Zhou, Feng Wu and Hongcai Gao

Chemical Engineering Journal, 2026, 530, 173884
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Waste asphalt-derived hard carbon assisted by biomass templating for sodium-ion batteries

Danqing Li, Xin He, Linlin Wang, Yinghao Zhang, Xingqiao Wu, Mei Ding, Chunhui Gao, Yang Gao and Chuankun Jia

Chemical Engineering Journal, 2025, 522, 167350
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Unraveling the Roles of Self‐Converted Interphase and Capacity Sites in Facilitating High‐Flux Ion Transport for Prussian Blue Analogs Cathodes

By Ketong Chen, Yadan Xie, Weijian Li, Tianqi Yang, Shenghui Shen, Yi Dong, Bingbao Mei, Jiayuan Xiang, Xinyi Gu, Lingjie Zhang, Yongfeng Yuan, Minghua Chen, Wangjun Wan, Chen Wang, Ningzhong Bao and Xinhui Xia

Advanced Energy Materials, 2025, 15
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Acid-mediated compositional regulation in biomass-derived hard carbon: Engineering precursor microstructure toward enhanced sodium storage performance

Xinyu Li, Chenchi Zhang, Guofeng Chang, Junyi Wang, Wei Dong, Changliang Wang, Yifeng Guo, Xiaodong Hong, Xu Zhang, Ding Shen and Shaobin Yang

Journal of Energy Storage, 2026, 141, 119442
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Conquering Aluminum Anode Degradation: Comprehensive Strategies Rooted in Dendrite/Hydrogen Evolution Mechanistic Insights for Aluminum Batteries

Long Yao, Shun Li, Xinlong Kang, Kunjie Zhu, Xiang‐Long Huang, Hua‐Kun Liu, Shi‐Xue Dou and Yun‐Xiao Wang

Adv Funct Materials, 2026, 36
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Insight into preparation strategies of biomass-derived hard carbon anodes for sodium-ion batteries

Zhuo Chen, Wanjie Gao, Jiachuan Yang, Yuping Wu, Mingqiang Zhu and Jiarui He

Chemical Engineering Journal, 2025, 518, 164774
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Melt-carbonization of liquid metal organic frameworks reconfigured hard carbon surface with boosted sodium storage

Mingyue Wang, Hongyang Zhao, Yue Wang, Na Li, Xu Liu, Dongyang Zhang, Kai Xi and Shujiang Ding

Sci. China Chem., 2026, 69, 1467
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Sustainable Hard Carbon for Sodium‐Ion Batteries: Precursor Design and Scalable Production Roadmaps

Xiang‐Xi He, Li Li, Xingqiao Wu and Shu‐Lei Chou

Advanced Materials, 2025, 37
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Urea‐Linked Covalent Organic Framework as a Li‐Ion Guided Channel Enabling Ultra‐Stable Lithium Metal Anode in Carbonate‐Based Electrolyte

Caihong Zhang, Zhen Luo, Kean Chen, Chunxing Yan, Lezhi Yi, Chengtao Gong, Yuliang Cao and Fu‐Sheng Ke

Angew Chem Int Ed, 2025, 64
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Realizing Hard Carbon Anodes with Dual‐High Slope and Plateau Capacities: From Precursor Design Principle to Sodium Storage Mechanism

Jianqi Xiao, Junlin Song, Meng Li, Zhihong Lu, Masatsugu Fujishige, Kenji Takeuchi, Morinobu Endo, Xiaoxia Li, Jin Niu and Feng Wang

Adv Funct Materials, 2026, 36
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