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Activatable Fluorescence Probes for “Turn-On” and Ratiometric Biosensing and Bioimaging: From NIR-I to NIR-II

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Quinoline-fused BODIPY with large Stokes shift as near-infrared dye for cell imaging

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Inhibiting Radiative Transition-Mediated Multifunctional Polymeric Nanoplatforms for Highly Efficient Tumor Phototherapeutics

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In Vivo Nitroreductase Imaging via Fluorescence and Chemical Shift Dependent 19F NMR

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Engineering Dual-Mode-Responsive Probes for Real-Time HClO Monitoring in Drug-Induced Liver Injury

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Visible to mid IR: A library of multispectral diagnostic imaging

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A Fast-Response Red Shifted Fluorescent Probe for Detection of H2S in Living Cells

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An activatable NIR‐II fluorescent probe for tracking heavy‐metal ion and high‐level salt‐induced oxidative stress in plant sprouts

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Computational chemistry‐assisted design of hydrazine‐based fluorescent molecular rotor for viscosity sensors

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A dual-modality hydrogen sulfide-specific probe integrating chemiluminescence with NIR fluorescence for targeted cancer imaging

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A ratiometric fluorescence platform for on-site screening meat freshness

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A nitroreductase-responsive near-infrared phototheranostic probe for in vivo imaging of tiny tumor and photodynamic therapy

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Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 2022, 267, 120579
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Peroxynitrite as biomarker to evaluate the rehabilitation of cisplatin in the resistant cells with miR-125a-5p by using fluorescent assay

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Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 2025, 330, 125663
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Rational Design and Synthesis of Large Stokes Shift 2,6-Sulphur-Disubstituted BODIPYs for Cell Imaging

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Chemosensors, 2022, 10, 19
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NIR-II Fluorescence Imaging for In Vivo Quantitative Analysis

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ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2024, 16, 28011
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Methods for Assessing MAGL Enzymatic Activity: An Extensive Review of Past and Emerging Approaches

Giulia Bononi, Eva Landucci, Miriana Di Stefano, Lisa Piazza, Simone Bertini, Marco Macchia and Carlotta Granchi

IJMS, 2025, 26, 9829
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Assessment of environmental and biological stress using mitochondria-targeted red-emitting and near-infrared fluorescent probes for biothiol analysis: a review

Wen-Yu Lu, Hui-Jing Li and Yan-Chao Wu

Environ Chem Lett, 2024, 22, 3135
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A novel near-infrared fluorescence off-on probe for imaging hypoxia and nitroreductase in cells and in vivo

Yu Zhang, Xiao-Fan Zhang, Qian Chen, Xiao-Qun Cao and Shi-Li Shen

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2022, 353, 131145
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Design strategies and applications of smart optical probes in the second near-infrared window

Baisong Chang, Jie Chen, Jiasheng Bao, Kangfeng Dong, Si Chen and Zhen Cheng

Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, 2023, 192, 114637
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In Vivo Nitroreductase Imaging via Fluorescence and Chemical Shift Dependent 19F NMR

Shizhen Chen, Long Xiao, Yu Li, Maosong Qiu, Yaping Yuan, Rui Zhou, Conggang Li, Lei Zhang, Zhong‐Xing Jiang, Maili Liu and Xin Zhou

Angewandte Chemie, 2022, 134
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Copper‐Mediated Cross‐Dehydrogenative Coupling Reaction of Pyrrole and Indole Derivatives with Thiols

Wenbo Ma, Yue Xu, Qilin Gu, Tao Zheng and Linghui Gu

Eur J Org Chem, 2024, 27
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Human NQO1 as a Selective Target for Anticancer Therapeutics and Tumor Imaging

A. E. M. Adnan Khan, Viswanath Arutla and Kalkunte S. Srivenugopal

Cells, 2024, 13, 1272
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Central Dynamic Conversion of Dicyanomethyl Radicals via Intermolecular Charge Transfer for Ultrabright NIR‐II Fluorescence Imaging‐Guided Mild Photothermal Therapy

Yixuan Xu, Dalong Yin, Yating Wang, Dejia Chen, Xin Li and Lifeng Yan

Angew Chem Int Ed, 2025, 64
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A NIR fluorescent probe for imaging thiophenol in the living system and revealing thiophenol-induced oxidative stress

Zesi Wang, Jiao Li, Jiao Chen, Zifeng Cao, Hui Li, Yaopeng Cao, Quanquan Li, Mengyao She, Ping Liu, Shengyong Zhang and Jianli Li

Chinese Chemical Letters, 2023, 34, 108507
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A Dendron‐Based Fluorescence Turn‐On Probe for Tumor Detection

Changren Liu, Ling'e Zhang, Sensen Zhou, Xiaoke Zhang, Wei Wu and Xiqun Jiang

Chemistry A European J, 2020, 26, 13022
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Novel BODIPY-based nano-biomaterials with enhanced D-A-D structure for NIR-triggered photodynamic and photothermal therapy

Gang Chen, Mengmeng Xiong, Chen Jiang, Yimei Zhao, Li Chen, Yunlong Ju, Jun Jiang, Zekun Xu, Jie Pan, Xiang Li and Kai Wang

Bioorganic Chemistry, 2024, 148, 107494
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BODIPY as a Multifunctional Theranostic Reagent in Biomedicine: Self‐Assembly, Properties, and Applications

Hong‐Bo Cheng, Xiaoqiao Cao, Shuchun Zhang, Keyue Zhang, Yang Cheng, Jiaqi Wang, Jing Zhao, Liming Zhou, Xing‐Jie Liang and Juyoung Yoon

Advanced Materials, 2023, 35
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In situ target enzyme-activated near-infrared fluorescent probe: A case study of CYP2J2 using three-fragmentary molecular assembly engineering

Yanpeng Dai, Tianzi Xue, Hefang Ji, Pan Zhang, Dongdong Zhang and Zhengjian Qi

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2021, 328, 129034
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Demystifying Lysosomal α-l-Fucosidase in Liver Cancer-Bearing Mice by Specific Two-Photon Fluorescence Imaging

Nannan Fan, Ping Li, Yongqing Zhou, Chuanchen Wu, Xin Wang, Zhenzhen Liu and Bo Tang

ACS Sens., 2022, 7, 71
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Real-Time Fluorescence Screening Platform for Meat Freshness

Huan Ye, Seyoung Koo, Beitong Zhu, Yingjun Ke, Ruilong Sheng, Ting Duan, Lintao Zeng and Jong Seung Kim

Anal. Chem., 2022, 94, 15423
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Activatable Molecular Probes for Second Near‐Infrared Fluorescence, Chemiluminescence, and Photoacoustic Imaging

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Angewandte Chemie, 2020, 132, 11813
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Reversible Dual Fluorescence-Lifetime Imaging of Mitochondrial GSH and Microviscosity: Real-Time Evaluation of Ferroptosis Status

Si-Yu Wang, Yu-Chen Qu, Na Shao, Li-Ya Niu and Qing-Zheng Yang

Anal. Chem., 2024, 96, 4570
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A nitroreductase-responsive nanoprobe with homogeneous composition and high loading for preoperative non-invasive tumor imaging and intraoperative guidance

Jingqi Xin, Shupeng Han, Meichen Zheng, Chenfeng Xu, Zhongxi Huang, Bin Wang, Changmin Yu, Feifei An and Yu Ren

Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35, 109165
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Near-Infrared Fluorescence Probe for Specific Detection of Acetylcholinesterase and Imaging in Live Cells and Zebrafish

Maxine Mambo Fortibui, Mina Jang, Sohyun Lee, In-Ja Ryoo, Jong Seog Ahn, Sung-Kyun Ko and Jinheung Kim

ACS Appl. Bio Mater., 2022, 5, 2232
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Tumor microenvironment-activatable NIR-II fluorescent probes: Design strategies and therapeutic applications

Jiayao Zhao, Jingjing Zhang, Huihui Lu, Yanan Li, Feifei An and Yichao Chai

Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology, 2026, 120, 108274
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Recent Advances in Near‐Infrared‐II Fluorescence Imaging for Deep‐Tissue Molecular Analysis and Cancer Diagnosis

Xiangdan Meng, Xuejiao Pang, Kai Zhang, Chenchen Gong, Junyan Yang, Haifeng Dong and Xueji Zhang

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Visualizing pulmonary pathologies using smart molecular fluorescent probes

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Coordination Chemistry Reviews, 2025, 545, 217025
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A new near-infrared excitation/emission fluorescent probe for the detection of β-galactosidase in living cells and in vivo

Yin Li, Feiyan Liu, Dongrong Zhu, Tianyu Zhu, Yuxin Zhang, Yalin Li, Jianguang Luo and Lingyi Kong

Talanta, 2022, 237, 122952
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Halogen Effects-Induced Bright D−π–A Fluorophore as Scaffold for NIR Fluorogenic Probes with High Contrast

Ming Liu, Wenhao Zhai, Haoliang Chen, Hao Zhang and Changhua Li

Anal. Chem., 2020, 92, 10792
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Near-infrared fluorescent probe with large stokes shift for detecting Human Neutrophil elastase in living cells

Wenda Zhang, Yubing Zhou, Duolu Li and Ting Ma

Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 2021, 252, 119533
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A novel easily available near-infrared fluorescent probe for rapid and specific detection of Au(Ⅲ) ion in environmental water samples and its biological imaging applications in living cells and zebrafish

Zhenning Li, Weixuan Zhu, Jixiang Tian, Yueyin Liang, Shuai Gong, Zhiyuan Meng, Xu Xu, Shifa Wang and Zhonglong Wang

Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 2025, 335, 125982
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Rational design of fluorescent probes: Improving hydrophilicity, ratiometric and NIR trapping of endogenous leucine aminopeptidase

Tianlin Wang, Qi Sun, Huiwen Xiong, Chao Ma, Cuifen Lu, Junqi Nie, Guichun Yang, Zuxing Chen, Yuexing Zhang, Jun Ren, Feiyi Wang and Wei-Hong Zhu

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2020, 321, 128631
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Near-Infrared Organic Small-Molecule Fluorophores for Biological System and Organ-Level Imaging of Diseases: Recent Advances

Pachaiyappan Murugan, Fang Yang, Changlin Yu and Shi-Yong Liu

Anal. Chem., 2026, 98, 3413
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Rational Modulation Strategies to Improve Bioimaging Applications for Organic NIR‐II Fluorophores

Zhaohui Wang, Mengyao She, Jiao Chen, Zhiqi Cheng and Jianli Li

Advanced Optical Materials, 2022, 10
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Synthesis of NIR‐II Fluorophores by a C(sp2)−C(sp2/sp) Coupling Reaction Driven by Charge‐Transfer Interaction

Jie Li, Xin‐Xin Liu, Ling‐Ya Peng, Li‐Ya Niu, Wenguang Wang, Ganglong Cui and Qing‐Zheng Yang

Angewandte Chemie, 2025, 137
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RSS and ROS Sequentially Activated Carbon Monoxide Release for Boosting NIR Imaging‐Guided On‐Demand Photodynamic Therapy

Xuemei Dong, Ziwen Zhang, Rongchen Wang, Jie Sun, Chengjun Dong, Lixin Sun, Cai Jia, Xianfeng Gu and Chunchang Zhao

Small, 2024, 20
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NIRII‐HDs: A Versatile Platform for Developing Activatable NIR‐II Fluorogenic Probes for Reliable In Vivo Analyte Sensing

Zuojia Qin, Tian‐Bing Ren, Huijie Zhou, Xingxing Zhang, Long He, Zhe Li, Xiao‐Bing Zhang and Lin Yuan

Angew Chem Int Ed, 2022, 61
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Self-enhanced regulation of stable organic radicals with polypeptide nanoparticles for mild second near-infrared phototheranostics

Yixuan Xu, Changchang Teng, Yating Wang, Dejia Chen, Dalong Yin and Lifeng Yan

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 2024, 669, 578
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Hemicyanine Compounds as Versatile Tools in Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry

Juan F. Tamez-Fernández and Pablo Rivera-Fuentes

J. Mex. Chem. Soc., 2026, e2583
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Molecular Engineering of Activatable NIR-II Hemicyanine Reporters for Early Diagnosis and Prognostic Assessment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Yi Liu, Shanchao Diao, Bankang Ruan, Ya Zhou, Mengya Yu, Guoqi Dong, Weiping Xu, Lulu Ning, Wen Zhou, Yuyan Jiang, Chen Xie, Quli Fan and Jiaguo Huang

ACS Nano, 2024, 18, 8437
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A dual-labeled fluorescent probe for visualization of dextranase activity in a simulated food digestion system

Rongjuan Sun, Weiji Liu, Timothy V. Kirk and Xiao Dong Chen

Food Chemistry, 2023, 405, 134744
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Engineering of BODIPY-based theranostics for cancer therapy

Zhiqiang Mao, Ji Hyeon Kim, Jieun Lee, Hao Xiong, Fan Zhang and Jong Seung Kim

Coordination Chemistry Reviews, 2023, 476, 214908
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Development of functional dye with redshifted absorption based on Knoevenagel condensation at 1-site in phenyl[b]-fused BODIPY

Tianze Wang, Junyi Ren, Dongxiang Zhang, Huan Wang, Jianjun Du, Xin-Dong Jiang and Guiling Wang

Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35, 108862
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Combination of Oridonin and Chlorin e6 with the metal–organic frameworks MIL‐101‐NH2‐AL for tumor chemo‐photodynamic therapy

Shilang Liao, Mengru Cai, Rongyue Zhu, Tingting Fu, Dongge Yin, Yuji Du, Yongqiang Zhang, Jiahui Kong, Jian Ni and Xingbin Yin

Applied Organom Chemis, 2024, 38
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Flexible Designing Strategy to Construct Activatable NIR-II Fluorescent Probes with Emission Maxima beyond 1200 nm

Kun Dou, Wenqi Feng, Chen Fan, Yu Cao, Yunhui Xiang and Zhihong Liu

Anal. Chem., 2021, 93, 4006
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Versatile Types of Inorganic/Organic NIR-IIa/IIb Fluorophores: From Strategic Design toward Molecular Imaging and Theranostics

Yishen Liu, Yang Li, Seyoung Koo, Yao Sun, Yixuan Liu, Xing Liu, Yanna Pan, Zhiyun Zhang, Mingxia Du, Siyu Lu, Xue Qiao, Jianfeng Gao, Xiaobo Wang, Zixin Deng, Xianli Meng, Yuling Xiao, Jong Seung Kim and Xuechuan Hong

Chem. Rev., 2022, 122, 209
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A hypoxia-leveraged near-IR theranostic nanomedicine enables imaging-guided tumor diagnosis and photothermal therapy

Safiya Nisar and Binglin Sui

Acta Biomaterialia, 2025, 203, 550
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Dual-Responsive Near-Infrared BODIPY-Based Fluorescent Probe for the Detection of F– and HClO in Organisms

Yuan Mei, Zijuan Hai, Ziyun Li, Kuanrong Rong, Wenjian Tang and Qin-Hua Song

Anal. Chem., 2024, 96, 3802
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Two-Color Visualization of Cholesterol Fluctuation in Plasma Membranes by Spatial Distribution-Controllable Single Fluorescent Probes

Xuechen Li, Guangle Niu, Minggang Tian, Qing Lu, Yuezhi Cui and Xiaoqiang Yu

Anal. Chem., 2021, 93, 9074
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Activatable imaging probes for cancer-linked NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase-1 (NQO1): Advances and future prospects

Dongdong Su, Xueqian Chen, Yong Zhang and Xueyun Gao

TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry, 2020, 133, 116112
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tert-Butyl substituted aza-BODIPY-based bromides for phototherapy

Ya-nan Sun, Chenshuang Dong, Dongxiang Zhang, Jieyu Tang, Meiheng Lv, Changliang Sun, Rong Shang, Jianzhang Zhao, Xin-Dong Jiang, Jianjun Du and Guiling Wang

Dyes and Pigments, 2024, 228, 112213
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Polymethine Molecular Platform for Ratiometric Fluorescent Probes in the Second near-Infrared Window

Qingchun Lan, Peng Yu, Kui Yan, Xiaomin Li, Fan Zhang and Zuhai Lei

J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2022, 144, 21010
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An activatable liposomal fluorescence probe based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer and aggregation induced emission effect for sensitive tumor imaging

Yuqiong Xia, Chunzhong Xu, Xianghan Zhang, Jingkai Gao, Yankun Wu, Cairu Li and Zhongliang Wang

Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 2020, 188, 110789
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Near‐Infrared Biosensing of Drug‐Induced Cell‐Heterogeneous Injuries with an Ultrahigh Turn‐On Ratio

Xinru Hu, Cheng Yao, Baosheng Wang, Yuyang Zhang, Jinwen Yang, Yan Dong, Yi Li, Danyang Wang, Xiaohua Chen, Yanyan Deng, Guangbo Ge, Ben Zhou, Xiao Luo, Xuhong Qian and Youjun Yang

Angewandte Chemie, 2025, 137
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Palladium catalyzed homocoupling reactions of gem-dibromo BODIPYs: Formation of dimer and trimer products

Hasrat Ali and Johan E. van Lier

Dyes and Pigments, 2025, 233, 112537
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Recent advances in fluorescent probes for cellular antioxidants: Detection of NADH, hNQO1, H2S, and other redox biomolecules

Sun Young Park, Shin A Yoon, Yujin Cha and Min Hee Lee

Coordination Chemistry Reviews, 2021, 428, 213613
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Fluorescence-Based Enzyme Activity Assay: Ascertaining the Activity and Inhibition of Endocannabinoid Hydrolytic Enzymes

Pierangela Ciuffreda, Ornella Xynomilakis, Silvana Casati and Roberta Ottria

IJMS, 2024, 25, 7693
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Small organic molecules-based NIR agents in cancer diagnostics: New frontiers in imaging and therapy

Amal Adnan Ashour, Mohammed Fareed Felemban, Faris J. Tayeb, Abeer Alubaidi and Alaa Shafie

Dyes and Pigments, 2025, 236, 112648
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Molecular orientation and optimization of membrane dyes based on conjugated oligoelectrolytes

Ji-Yu Zhu and Guillermo C. Bazan

Cell Reports Physical Science, 2023, 4, 101429
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Rationally designed fluorescent probes using target specific cascade reactions

Rongchen Wang, Xuzhe Wang, Xianfeng Gu, Yingchao Liu and Chunchang Zhao

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2023, 380, 133282
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Hantzsch Ester Modified Asymmetric BODIPY Probe with Ultra‐high Sensitivity for Ultra‐fast Detection of Endogenous Hypochlorite in Living Cells

Tianli Zhu, Mengting Zhao, Rongcheng Wang, Chenjun Dong, Xuemei Dong, Jie Sun, Lixin Sun and Chunchang Zhao

Chin. J. Chem., 2023, 41, 3319
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Extending optical chemical tools and technologies to mice by shifting to the shortwave infrared region

Kelly C.Y. Wong and Ellen M. Sletten

Current Opinion in Chemical Biology, 2022, 68, 102131
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Trimethyl Lock Quinone-Based Organic Molecular Probes for NQO1 Sensing and Imaging

Kun Chen, Shuai Xu, Zhiling Song and Ke Li

Chemosensors, 2023, 11, 221
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Activatable Molecular Probes With Clinical Promise for NIR‐II Fluorescent Imaging

Zikang Chen, Yongjie Zhou, Li Li, Wen Ma, Yuzhen Li and Zhen Yang

Small, 2025, 21
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