Nanoceramics Materials for Next generation High-Efficiency Energy Storage, Energy Conversion and Energy Transmission Systems

Abstract

Nanoceramics, characterized by their nanoscale structural units and exceptional mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties, are revolutionizing next-generation energy systems. This review highlights their pivotal role in advancing high-efficiency energy storage, conversion, and transmission technologies, including lithium-ion batteries, supercapacitors, solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), and dielectric capacitors. Their high surface area, tunable dielectric constants, and superior thermal stability enable breakthroughs in energy density, electrochemical performance, and operational reliability. Key applications span oxide-based nanoceramics for enhanced ionic conductivity in SOFCs, high-entropy ceramics for capacitors with ultrahigh energy storage, and hybrid nanoceramic-polymer composites for flexible energy devices. Despite their transformative potential, challenges such as scalable synthesis, grain boundary effects, and environmental concerns persist. Innovations in fabrication techniques, multiscale modelling, and machine learning-driven design are critical to overcoming these barriers. The integration of nanoceramics into energy systems promises to address global demands for sustainability and efficiency, positioning them as cornerstone materials for future renewable energy technologies.