Systematic literature review reveals suboptimal use of chemical probes in cell-based biomedical research

Jayden Sterling, Jennifer R. Baker, Adam McCluskey and Lenka Munoz

Nat Commun, 2023, 14
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38952-1

A guide to selecting high-performing antibodies for VAPB (UniProt ID: O95292) for use in western blot, immunoprecipitation, and immunofluorescence

Sara González Bolívar, Riham Ayoubi, Charles Alende, Maryam Fothouhi, Irina Shlaifer, Peter S. McPherson and Carl Laflamme

F1000Res, 2024, 13, 1559
DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.160226.1

Identification of high-performing antibodies for Rab1A and Rab1B for use in Western Blot, immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence

Vera Ruíz Moleón, Maryam Fotouhi, Riham Ayoubi, Sara González Bolívar, Kathleen Southern, Peter S. McPherson and Carl Laflamme

F1000Res, 2023, 12, 1578
DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.143928.1

Probe my Pathway (PmP): a portal to explore the chemical coverage of the human Reactome

Haejin Angela Kwak, Lihua Liu and Matthieu Schapira

Database, 2024, 2024
DOI: 10.1093/database/baae116

Illuminating the understudied GPCR-ome

Sreeparna Majumdar, Yi-Ting Chiu, Julie E. Pickett and Bryan L. Roth

Drug Discovery Today, 2024, 29, 103848
DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103848

High-Quality In Vivo Chemical Probes for Protein Kinases Disclosed in 2024

Ricardo A. M. Serafim and Matthias Gehringer

ACS Pharmacol. Transl. Sci., 2025, 8, 2401
DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.5c00293

A guide to selecting high-performing antibodies for S1PR1 (UniProt ID: P21453) for use in western blot, immunoprecipitation, and immunofluorescence

Riham Ayoubi, Maryam Fotouhi, Charles Alende, Sara González Bolívar, Kathleen Southern and Carl Laflamme

F1000Res, 2024, 13, 792
DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.153244.1

Identification and Benchmarking of Myokinasib-II as a Selective and Potent Chemical Probe for Exploring MLCK1 Inhibition

Gautam Kumar, Prema Kumari Agarwala, Aswin T. Srivatsav, Ashok Ravula, G. Ashmitha, Sreenath Balakrishnan, Shobhna Kapoor and Rishikesh Narayan

ACS Chem. Biol., 2024, 19, 2165
DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.4c00336

A guide to selecting high-performing antibodies for Protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase 2 (TGM2) for use in western blot, immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence

Riham Ayoubi, Maryam Fotouhi, Charles Alende, Sara González Bolívar, Kathleen Southern and Carl Laflamme

F1000Res, 2024, 13, 481
DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.150684.2

A guide to selecting high-performing antibodies for CSNK2A1 (UniProt ID: P68400) for use in western blot, immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence

Riham Ayoubi, Maryam Fotouhi, Charles Alende, Vera Ruíz Moleón, Kathleen Southern and Carl Laflamme

F1000Res, 2024, 13, 781
DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.153243.1

Small Molecules Targeting DNA Polymerase Theta (POLθ) as Promising Synthetic Lethal Agents for Precision Cancer Therapy

Maria Chiara Pismataro, Andrea Astolfi, Maria Letizia Barreca, Martina Pacetti, Silvia Schenone, Tiziano Bandiera, Anna Carbone and Serena Massari

J. Med. Chem., 2023, 66, 6498
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c02101

A guide to selecting high-performing antibodies for Huntingtin (UniProt ID: P42858) for use in western blot, immunoprecipitation, and immunofluorescence

Rebeka Fanti, Riham Ayoubi, Charles Alende, Maryam Fotouhi, Sara González Bolívar, Renu Chandrasekaran, Kathleen Southern, Aled M. Edwards, Rachel J. Harding and Carl Laflamme

F1000Res, 2024, 13, 922
DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.153670.1

A guide to selecting high-performing antibodies for CSNK1A1 (UniProt ID: P48729) for use in western blot, immunoprecipitation, and immunofluorescence

Riham Ayoubi, Charles Alende, Maryam Fotouhi, Vera Ruíz Moleón, Sara González Bolívar, Kathleen Southern and Carl Laflamme

F1000Res, 2024, 13, 1055
DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.155928.1

A guide to selecting high-performing antibodies for Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD1) (UniProt ID: O00767) for use in western blot, immunoprecipitation, and immunofluorescence

Vera Ruíz Moleón, Charles Alende, Maryam Fotouhi, Sara González Bolívar, Riham Ayoubi and Carl Laflamme

F1000Res, 2025, 14, 10
DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.160217.1

A guide to selecting high-performing antibodies for human Midkine for use in Western blot and immunoprecipitation

Riham Ayoubi, Kathleen Southern and Carl Laflamme

F1000Res, 2024, 12, 148
DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.130587.4

Endogenous and fluorescent sterols reveal the molecular basis for ligand selectivity of human sterol transporters

Laura Depta, Hogan P. Bryce-Rogers, Nienke J. Dekker, Anna Wiehl Bønke, Nicolò Camporese, Mingxing Qian, Yuanjian Xu, Douglas F. Covey and Luca Laraia

Journal of Lipid Research, 2025, 66, 100738
DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2024.100738

Intercepting a Mycobacterial Biosynthetic Pathway with Covalent Labeling

Theodore C. Warner, Victoria M. Marando, Omar A. Santiago-Reyes, Elizabeth M. Hart, Stephanie R. Smelyansky, Alan W. Carter, Thomas G. Bernhardt, Bryan D. Bryson, Daria E. Kim and Laura L. Kiessling

J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2025, 147, 11189
DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c17913

A guide to selecting high-performing antibodies for Protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase 2 (TGM2) for use in western blot, immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence

Riham Ayoubi, Maryam Fotouhi, Charles Alende, Sara González Bolívar, Kathleen Southern and Carl Laflamme

F1000Res, 2024, 13, 481
DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.150684.1

Which Small Molecule? Selecting Chemical Probes for Use in Cancer Research and Target Validation

Mary M. Mader, Joachim Rudolph, Ingo V. Hartung, David Uehling, Paul Workman and William Zuercher

Cancer Discovery, 2023, 13, 2150
DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.CD-23-0536

A guide to selecting high-performing antibodies for human Midkine for use in Western blot and immunoprecipitation

Riham Ayoubi, Kathleen Southern and Carl Laflamme

F1000Res, 2023, 12, 148
DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.130587.2

Proteomics‐Based Discovery of First‐in‐Class Chemical Probes for Programmed Cell Death Protein 2 (PDCD2)

Wenzhi Ji, Woong Sub Byun, Wenchao Lu, Xijun Zhu, Katherine A. Donovan, Brendan G. Dwyer, Jianwei Che, Linjie Yuan, Xianmixinuer Abulaiti, Steven M. Corsello, Eric S. Fischer, Tinghu Zhang and Nathanael S. Gray

Angew Chem Int Ed, 2023, 62
DOI: 10.1002/anie.202308292

A guide to selecting high-performing antibodies for amyloid-beta precursor protein for use in Western Blot, immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence

Riham Ayoubi, Maryam Fotouhi, Donovan Worrall, Kathleen Southern and Carl Laflamme

F1000Res, 2024, 12, 956
DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.139867.2

The Development of Selective Chemical Probes for Serine Arginine Protein Kinase 3

Danielle Hanke, Conall McCutcheon and Brent D. G. Page

Chem Biol Drug Des, 2025, 105
DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.70101

Discovery of Trypanosoma brucei inhibitors enabled by a unified synthesis of diverse sulfonyl fluorides

Brian S. Mantilla, Jack S. White, William R. T. Mosedale, Andrew Gomm, Adam Nelson, Terry K. Smith and Megan H. Wright

Commun Chem, 2024, 7
DOI: 10.1038/s42004-024-01327-8

A guide to selecting high-performing antibodies for STXBP1 (UniProt ID: P61764) for use in western blot, immunoprecipitation, and immunofluorescence

Riham Ayoubi, Charles Alende, Maryam Fotouhi, Sara González Bolívar and Carl Laflamme

F1000Res, 2024, 13, 1557
DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.160174.1

The ChEMBL Database in 2023: a drug discovery platform spanning multiple bioactivity data types and time periods

Barbara Zdrazil, Eloy Felix, Fiona Hunter, Emma J Manners, James Blackshaw, Sybilla Corbett, Marleen de Veij, Harris Ioannidis, David Mendez Lopez, Juan F Mosquera, Maria Paula Magarinos, Nicolas Bosc, Ricardo Arcila, Tevfik Kizilören, Anna Gaulton, A Patrícia Bento, Melissa F Adasme, Peter Monecke, Gregory A Landrum and Andrew R Leach

Nucleic Acids Research, 2024, 52, D1180
DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad1004

Chemical Probe Discovery for DEAD-Box RNA-Binding Protein DDX21 Using Small-Molecule Microarrays

Toshihiko Aiba, Eliezer Calo and Angela N. Koehler

ACS Chem. Biol., 2025, 20, 1928
DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.5c00302

A guide to selecting high-performing antibodies for Rab1A and Rab1B for use in Western Blot, immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence

Vera Ruíz Moleón, Maryam Fotouhi, Riham Ayoubi, Sara González Bolívar, Kathleen Southern, Peter S. McPherson and Carl Laflamme

F1000Res, 2023, 12, 1578
DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.143928.2

A guide to selecting high-performing antibodies for STING1 (Uniprot ID: Q86WV6) for use in western blot, immunoprecipitation, and immunofluorescence

Vera Ruíz Moleón, Charles Alende, Maryam Fotouhi, Riham Ayoubi, Kathleen Southern and Carl Laflamme

F1000Res, 2025, 13, 1049
DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.155929.2

Protocol for perfusing human axillary lymph nodes ex vivo to study structure and function in real time

Amy Llewellyn, Rachel Barrow-McGee, Julia Stevenson, Jasmine Gore and Kalnisha Naidoo

STAR Protocols, 2025, 6, 103624
DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2025.103624

Open resources for chemical probes and their implications for future drug discovery

Esra Balıkçı, Anne-Sophie M. C. Marques, Jesper S. Hansen and Kilian V. M. Huber

Expert Opinion on Drug Discovery, 2023, 18, 505
DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2023.2199979

A guide to selecting high-performing antibodies for Rab10 (UniProt ID: P61026) for use in western blot, immunoprecipitation, and immunofluorescence

Vera Ruíz Moleón, Charles Alende, Maryam Fotouhi, Kathleen Southern, Riham Ayoubi and Carl Laflamme

F1000Res, 2024, 13, 1061
DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.156209.1

A guide to selecting high-performing antibodies for Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD1) (UniProt ID: O00767) for use in western blot, immunoprecipitation, and immunofluorescence

Vera Ruíz Moleón, Charles Alende, Maryam Fotouhi, Sara González Bolívar, Riham Ayoubi and Carl Laflamme

F1000Res, 2025, 14, 10
DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.160217.2

The Chemical Probes Portal – 2024: update on this public resource to support best-practice selection and use of small molecules in biomedical research

Domenico Sanfelice, Albert A Antolin, Alisa Crisp, Yi Chen, Benjamin Bellenie, Paul E Brennan, Aled Edwards, Susanne Müller, Bissan Al-Lazikani and Paul Workman

Nucleic Acids Research, 2025, 53, D1663
DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkae1062

Structural Tuning of Vidofludimus for High-Efficacy NR4A Agonism

Jan Vietor, Romy Busch, Úrsula López-García, Tanja Stiller, Anna Maria Thommes, Christian Gege and Daniel Merk

J. Med. Chem., 2026, 69, 3343
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5c03217

A guide to selecting high-performing antibodies for Huntingtin (UniProt ID: P42858) for use in western blot, immunoprecipitation, and immunofluorescence

Rebeka Fanti, Riham Ayoubi, Charles Alende, Maryam Fotouhi, Sara González Bolívar, Renu Chandrasekaran, Kathleen Southern, Aled M. Edwards, Rachel J. Harding and Carl Laflamme

F1000Res, 2025, 13, 922
DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.153670.2

Targeting TAK1: Evolution of inhibitors, challenges, and future directions

Nika Strašek Benedik, Matic Proj, Christian Steinebach, Matej Sova and Izidor Sosič

Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 2025, 267, 108810
DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2025.108810

A guide to selecting high-performing antibodies for S1PR1 (UniProt ID: P21453) for use in western blot, immunoprecipitation, and immunofluorescence

Riham Ayoubi, Maryam Fotouhi, Charles Alende, Sara González Bolívar, Kathleen Southern and Carl Laflamme

F1000Res, 2025, 13, 792
DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.153244.3

A guide to selecting high-performing antibodies for STING1 (Uniprot ID: Q86WV6) for use in western blot, immunoprecipitation, and immunofluorescence

Vera Ruíz Moleón, Charles Alende, Maryam Fotouhi, Riham Ayoubi, Kathleen Southern and Carl Laflamme

F1000Res, 2024, 13, 1049
DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.155929.1

A guide to selecting high-performing antibodies for TAF15 (UniProt ID: Q92804) for use in western blot, immunoprecipitation, and immunofluorescence

Vera Ruíz Moleón, Charles Alende, Maryam Fotouhi, Riham Ayoubi and Carl Laflamme

F1000Res, 2025, 14, 37
DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.160371.1

A guide to selecting high-performing antibodies for Rab1A and Rab1B for use in Western Blot, immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence

Vera Ruíz Moleón, Charles Alende, Maryam Fotouhi, Riham Ayoubi, Sara González Bolívar, Kathleen Southern, Peter S. McPherson and Carl Laflamme

F1000Res, 2025, 12, 1578
DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.143928.3

A guide to selecting high-performing antibodies for Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit delta isoform (PPP2R5D) for use in Western Blot, immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence

Riham Ayoubi, Maryam Fotouhi, Charles Alende, Kathleen Southern and Carl Laflamme

F1000Res, 2024, 13, 1
DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.145146.2

The identification of high-performing antibodies for FUS (Uniprot ID: P35637) for use in western blot, immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence and flow cytometry

Walaa Alshalfie, Michael Biddle, Maryam Fotouhi, Carolyn Jones, Riham Ayoubi, Zhipeng You, Kathleen Southern, Peter S. McPherson, Harvinder Virk and Carl Laflamme

F1000Res, 2024, 12, 376
DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.133220.3

A guide to selecting high-performing antibodies for PLC-gamma-2 for use in Western Blot, immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence

Vera Ruíz Moleón, Maryam Fotouhi, Charles Alende, Riham Ayoubi, Logan M. Bedford, Kathleen Southern, Timothy I. Richardson and Carl Laflamme

F1000Res, 2024, 13, 77
DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.146156.1

A guide to selecting high-performing antibodies for S1PR1 (UniProt ID: P21453) for use in western blot, immunoprecipitation, and immunofluorescence

Riham Ayoubi, Maryam Fotouhi, Charles Alende, Sara González Bolívar, Kathleen Southern and Carl Laflamme

F1000Res, 2024, 13, 792
DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.153244.2

A guide to selecting high-performing antibodies for CSNK2A1 (UniProt ID: P68400) for use in western blot, immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence

Riham Ayoubi, Maryam Fotouhi, Charles Alende, Vera Ruíz Moleón, Kathleen Southern and Carl Laflamme

F1000Res, 2024, 13, 781
DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.153243.2

A guide to selecting high-performing antibodies for Secreted frizzled-related protein 1 (sFRP-1) for use in Western Blot and immunoprecipitation

Riham Ayoubi, Kathleen Southern and Carl Laflamme

F1000Res, 2024, 12, 291
DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.130991.2

A guide to selecting high-performing antibodies for ADNP (UniProt ID: Q9H2P0) for use in western blot, immunoprecipitation, and immunofluorescence

Vera Ruíz Moleón, Charles Alende, Maryam Fotouhi, Riham Ayoubi, Sara González Bolívar and Carl Laflamme

F1000Res, 2024, 13, 1545
DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.160121.1

Critical assessment of LC3/GABARAP ligands used for degrader development and ligandability of LC3/GABARAP binding pockets

Martin P. Schwalm, Johannes Dopfer, Adarsh Kumar, Francesco A. Greco, Nicolas Bauer, Frank Löhr, Jan Heering, Sara Cano-Franco, Severin Lechner, Thomas Hanke, Ivana Jaser, Viktoria Morasch, Christopher Lenz, Daren Fearon, Peter G. Marples, Charles W. E. Tomlinson, Lorene Brunello, Krishna Saxena, Nathan B. P. Adams, Frank von Delft, Susanne Müller, Alexandra Stolz, Ewgenij Proschak, Bernhard Kuster, Stefan Knapp and Vladimir V. Rogov

Nat Commun, 2024, 15
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-54409-5

Proteomics‐Based Discovery of First‐in‐Class Chemical Probes for Programmed Cell Death Protein 2 (PDCD2)

Wenzhi Ji, Woong Sub Byun, Wenchao Lu, Xijun Zhu, Katherine A. Donovan, Brendan G. Dwyer, Jianwei Che, Linjie Yuan, Xianmixinuer Abulaiti, Steven M. Corsello, Eric S. Fischer, Tinghu Zhang and Nathanael S. Gray

Angewandte Chemie, 2023, 135
DOI: 10.1002/ange.202308292

Chuhui Huang, Kate S. Harris, Ghizal Siddiqui and Manuela Jörg

ACS Pharmacol. Transl. Sci., 2025, 8, 978
DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.4c00726

Navigating Solute Carrier Transporters—A Comprehensive Review of Functionalized Small Molecule Probes for Target Identification and Characterization

Majlen A. Dilweg, Tracie Widjaja, Adriaan P. IJzerman and Daan van der Es

Medicinal Research Reviews, 2026, 46, 238
DOI: 10.1002/med.70009

A guide to selecting high-performing antibodies for Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit delta isoform (PPP2R5D) for use in Western Blot, immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence

Riham Ayoubi, Maryam Fotouhi, Charles Alende, Kathleen Southern and Carl Laflamme

F1000Res, 2024, 13, 1
DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.145146.1

A guide to selecting high-performing antibodies for Synaptotagmin-1 (Uniprot ID P21579) for use in western blot, immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence and flow cytometry

Michael S. Biddle, Charles Alende, Maryam Fotouhi, Carolyn Jones, Riham Ayoubi, Kathleen Southern, Carl Laflamme and Harvinder Virk

F1000Res, 2024, 13, 817
DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.154034.1

Expanding Chemical Probe Space: Quality Criteria for Covalent and Degrader Probes

Ingo V. Hartung, Joachim Rudolph, Mary M. Mader, Monique P. C. Mulder and Paul Workman

J. Med. Chem., 2023, 66, 9297
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00550

A guide to selecting high-performing antibodies for human Midkine for use in Western blot and immunoprecipitation

Riham Ayoubi, Kathleen Southern and Carl Laflamme

F1000Res, 2024, 12, 148
DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.130587.3