Fabrication strategies for metallic nanowire flexible transparent electrodes with high uniformity

Su Ding, Junjie Chen, Ke Li and He Zhang

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2024, 12, 18815
DOI: 10.1039/D4TA03027C

Functional gel materials for next-generation electrochromic devices and applications

Yuyang Wang, Xiaoyan Sun, Quanbing Liu and Guihua Yu

Chem. Soc. Rev., 2025, 54, 3475
DOI: 10.1039/D4CS01256A

Ionogels: recent advances in design, material properties and emerging biomedical applications

Xiaotong Fan, Siqi Liu, Zhenhua Jia, J. Justin Koh, Jayven Chee Chuan Yeo, Chen-Gang Wang, Nayli Erdeanna Surat'man, Xian Jun Loh, Jean Le Bideau, Chaobin He, Zibiao Li and Teck-Peng Loh

Chem. Soc. Rev., 2023, 52, 2497
DOI: 10.1039/D2CS00652A

Self-powered wearable sensing devices based on a flexible ammonium-ion battery with fatigue resistance and frost resistance based on a strong and tough hydrogel

Jia Yang, Bin Zhang, Xiyu Tian, Shuzheng Liu, Zhichao Xu, Gengzhi Sun, Gang Qin and Qiang Chen

J. Mater. Chem. C, 2022, 10, 17675
DOI: 10.1039/D2TC04455B

Multifunctional ionogels toughened with spiropyran mechanophores for soft ionotronics

Li Chang, Jianmin Yang, Haitao Deng, Zhi Chen, Yan Yang and Ziquan Cao

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2025
DOI: 10.1039/D5TA05373K

A flexible, water anchoring, and colorimetric ionogel for sweat monitoring

Hui Zhi, Yingxi Qin, Yang Li, Fengya Wang and Liang Feng

Biomater. Sci., 2025, 13, 677
DOI: 10.1039/D4BM01482K

Tough Ionogels: Synthesis, Toughening Mechanisms, and Mechanical Properties─A Perspective

Meixiang Wang, Jian Hu and Michael D. Dickey

JACS Au, 2022, 2, 2645
DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.2c00489

High Ion-Conductive Hydrogel: Soft, Elastic, with Wide Humidity Tolerance and Long-Term Stability

Yan-Na Lu, Kai Mo, Xue-Hang Liang, Jia-Sen Xie, Ying Yang, Lin Zheng, Mingwei Gu, Xiang-Ru Liu, Yunjie Lu and Jin Ge

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2024, 16, 60992
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c12851

Highly Stretchable, Low Hysteresis, and Transparent Ionogels as Conductors for Dielectric Elastomer Actuators

Limei Zhang, Hong Li, Zhiquan Li, Weimin Pan, Yi Men, Niankun Zhang, Jing Xu and Xuewei Liu

Gels, 2025, 11, 369
DOI: 10.3390/gels11050369

Ionogels for flexible conductive substrates and their application in biosensing

Vinay Patel, Eatu Das, Ameesha Bhargava, Sharvari Deshmukh, Anam Modi and Rohit Srivastava

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2024, 254, 127736
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127736

MnO2 Nanoparticles Decorated PEDOT:PSS for High Performance Stretchable and Transparent Supercapacitors

Guiming Liu, Zhao Huang, Jiujie Xu, Tiesong Lin, Bowen Zhang and Peng He

Nanomaterials, 2024, 14, 1080
DOI: 10.3390/nano14131080

Low‐Hysteresis and Tough Ionogels via Low‐Energy‐Dissipating Cross‐Linking

Bin Sun, Kai Liu, Baohu Wu, Shengtong Sun and Peiyi Wu

Advanced Materials, 2024, 36
DOI: 10.1002/adma.202408826

Ionogel‐Dominated Wearable Sensors for Reliable Health Monitoring

Wenzhe Xiao, Ting He, Xinyue Cui, Jing Wang, Yingqi Zhang, Weidong Zhao, Jipeng Yan and Jian Sun

SusMat, 2025, 5
DOI: 10.1002/sus2.70026

Nanoscale control of morphologies enables robust and elastic ionogel for sensitive and high-resolution pressure sensing over wide linear range

Mengru Guo, Xiangjie Zhao, Jiaheng Xu, Yuanteng Su, Sihang Lei, Shiru Xiao, Ziyi Liu, Mengtong Zhang, Hongzong Yin and Xiaolin Wang

Chemical Engineering Journal, 2025, 508, 160913
DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2025.160913

Stretchable, Programmable and Magnet‐Insensitive Protonic Display Based on Integrated Ionic Circuit

Yao An, Zhaoxiang Yang, Yongjia Yang, Xinlei Li, Xinjia Zheng, Zhiwu Chen, Xun Wu, Beihang Xu, Yapei Wang and Yonglin He

Small, 2024, 20
DOI: 10.1002/smll.202308875

Stretchable, transparent and multifunctional PVC-gel heater: a novel approach to skin-mountable, wearable thermal devices

Minki Kim, Minjae Cho, Chongyoung Chung and Ki-Uk Kyung

npj Flex Electron, 2024, 8
DOI: 10.1038/s41528-024-00348-6

Enhancing adaptive performance of thermoresponsive ionogel systems through redundancy-driven architecture

Qianxi Zhou, Jianan Yao and Yongjun Men

Chemical Engineering Journal, 2025, 514, 163070
DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2025.163070

All-dielectric absorber based on nano-graphite sheets/ionogels with configurable absorbing band

Zhuang Wu, Jie Luo, Xiang Fang, Yanan Zeng, Yuntao Yang, Shi Qiao and Yanhong Zou

Opt. Lett., 2024, 49, 466
DOI: 10.1364/OL.510576

Zwitterion-Incorporated Antifreeze Hydrogel with Highly Stretchable, Transparent, and Self-Adhesive Properties for Flexible Strain Sensors

Hui Peng, Lili Hao, Xusheng Zhang, Kanjun Sun, Xin Wang, Fan Yang and Guofu Ma

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater., 2024, 6, 1911
DOI: 10.1021/acsapm.3c02749

Stretchable and Transparent Heaters Based on Hydrophobic Ionogels with Superior Moisture Insensitivity

Jiao Wang, Jingping Wu, Zhouhu Jiang, Zilei Zhou, Limei Zhang, Jiayou Zhao, Kun Jia and Jian Hu

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2024, 16, 19529
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c00507

A Freeze‐Resistant, Highly Stretchable and Biocompatible Organohydrogel for Non‐Delayed Wearable Sensing at Ultralow‐Temperatures

Xinxin Huang, Zhihao Zheng, Haiqi Wang, Weipeng Xu, Ming Wu, Minyan Wang, Canwen Chen, Lu Wan, Ruichun Du, Tangsong Zhu, Zhiyi Huang, Xiaoliang Wang, Xiaofeng Wang, Qiuhong Zhang and Xudong Jia

Adv Funct Materials, 2024, 34
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202312149

N‐Butyl Pyridinium Chlorobismuthates (III): A Soft Organic‐Inorganic Hybrid Transparent Solid‐State Ion Conductor

Biswajit Bhattacharyya, Christian Balischewski, Jiyong Kim, Eric Sperlich, Christina Günter, Shashank Gahlaut, Ilko Bald, Armin Wedel and Andreas Taubert

Adv Elect Materials, 2025
DOI: 10.1002/aelm.202500323

Stretchable Ionic Conductors for Soft Electronics

Wenwen Niu and Xiaokong Liu

Macromol. Rapid Commun., 2022, 43
DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200512

Dual‐Plasticized PVC‐Gels with High Dissipation Factor for Smart Wearable Thermotherapy and Sensing Devices

Seung‐Eun Choi, Seung‐Ju Oh, Jun‐Mo Yoon and Jin Woo Bae

Adv Funct Materials, 2025
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202505873

Material design and integrating strategies for thermoregulatory e-skins with heating and cooling functions

Bin Xie and Hao Wu

Device, 2024, 2, 100640
DOI: 10.1016/j.device.2024.100640

High Fire‐Safety and Multifunctional Eutectogel for Flexible Quasi‐Solid‐State Supercapacitors

Qingtao Zeng, Xuejun Lai, Hongqiang Li, Zhonghua Chen, Xingrong Zeng and Liqun Zhang

Adv Funct Materials, 2024, 34
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202411029

Non-faradaic junction sensing

Yecheng Wang, Kun Jia and Zhigang Suo

Nat Rev Mater, 2024, 10, 176
DOI: 10.1038/s41578-024-00755-1

Establishing highly stable, transparent flexible thin film heaters: Effects of ultrathin Ti wetting layer for Ag growth

Fengqi Ji, Guoqing Zhao, Jiayin Li, Maobo Geng, Renxu Zhang, Xiangdongfang Liu, Tao Wang, Lin Zhang, Guanghui Min, Jingyu Qin and Wei Chu

Applied Surface Science, 2025, 690, 162582
DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.162582

Tunable temperature-responsive photonic ionogels with dual signals output

Youtong Wu, Xueting Li, Jie Tao, Yuqi Zhang and Xihua Lu

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 2025, 677, 704
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.08.094

Rapid Radiation Synthesis of a Flexible, Self-Healing, and Adhesive Ionogel with Environmental Tolerance for Multifunctional Strain Sensors

Hui Peng, Fan Yang, Xin Wang, Enke Feng, Kanjun Sun, Lili Hao, Xusheng Zhang and Guofu Ma

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2023, 15, 51763
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c12082

Direct, uniform, and rapid Joule heating of hydrogels using alternating current

Zhengwen Li, Liang Zhong, Wenjie Liao, Bin Li, Shiping Zhu and Lei Shi

Materials & Design, 2025, 256, 114317
DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2025.114317

Multifunctional double-network Ti3C2Tx MXene composite hydrogels for strain sensors with effective electromagnetic interference and UV shielding properties

Kefan Fan, Kun Li, Liuwenlin Han, Zhijian Yang, Junjiao Yang, Junying Zhang and Jue Cheng

Polymer, 2023, 273, 125865
DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2023.125865

Antifreezing, Adhesive, and Ultra-Stretchable Ionogel for AI-Enabled Motion Tracking and Recognition in Winter Sports

Yongjia Yang, Yao An, Zhaoxiang Yang, Bin Fu, Zhiwu Chen, Xinjia Zheng, Beihang Xu, Weiran Shen, Yapei Wang and Yonglin He

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2023, 15, 23749
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c02629

Ionogels with Carbon and Organic Polymer Matrices for Electrochemical Systems

Paula Ratajczak and François Béguin

Advanced Sustainable Systems, 2024, 8
DOI: 10.1002/adsu.202400340

Ionogels as advanced materials for overcoming challenges in wound healing and drug delivery

Augusto Q. Pedro, Leonor S. Castro, João A.P. Coutinho and Mara G. Freire

Nano Materials Science, 2024
DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoms.2024.06.010

Advances in Ionic Thermoelectrics: From Materials to Devices

Shuai Sun, Meng Li, Xiao‐Lei Shi and Zhi‐Gang Chen

Advanced Energy Materials, 2023, 13
DOI: 10.1002/aenm.202203692

Self‐Maintainable Electronic Materials with Skin‐Like Characteristics Enabled by Graphene‐PEDOT:PSS Fillers

Morteza Alehosseini, Firoz Babu Kadumudi, Sinziana Revesz, Parham Karimi Reikandeh, Jonas Rosager Henriksen, Tiberiu‐Gabriel Zsurzsan, Jon Spangenberg and Alireza Dolatshahi‐Pirouz

Advanced Science, 2025, 12
DOI: 10.1002/advs.202410539

Extreme condition-resistant flexible triboelectric nanogenerator and sensor based on swollen-yet-enhanced and self-healing deep eutectic gel

Jia Yang, Xiyu Tian, Jiacheng Fan, Bin Zhang, Zhenyang Li, Shuzheng Liu, Zhichao Xu, Gang Qin and Qiang Chen

Polymer, 2023, 283, 126238
DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2023.126238

Design of Highly Conductive Leather Based on Zirconium Ion Coordination for Health Protection in Severe Harsh Conditions

Jianyan Feng, Peng Wang, Yang Bai, Xin Chen, Ting Li, Xiaomin Luo, Peng Zhang and Xuechuan Wang

Adv Materials Technologies, 2023, 8
DOI: 10.1002/admt.202301304

Multi‐Level Information Encryption/Decryption of Fluorescent Hydrogels Based on Spatially Programmed Crystal Phases

Xinyi Lan, Shanshan Xu, Chenxuan Sun, Ying Zheng, Bao Wang, Guorong Shan, Yongzhong Bao, Chengtao Yu and Pengju Pan

Small, 2023, 19
DOI: 10.1002/smll.202205960

Integrating Ultrathin Perovskite Nanosheets for Rigid yet Fatigue‐Resistant Elastomers

Xiaolin Jin, Wentao Chen, Zhenhua Xiao, Jingyu Wang, Wenqi Yang, Shuming Cui, Shenglin Yao, Zhenyu Jiang, Liqun Tang and Taolin Sun

Adv Funct Materials, 2025, 35
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202412864

Simple and Efficient Synthesis of Ruthenium(III) PEDOT:PSS Complexes for High-Performance Stretchable and Transparent Supercapacitors

Guiming Liu, Zhao Huang, Jiujie Xu, Bowen Zhang, Tiesong Lin and Peng He

Nanomaterials, 2024, 14, 866
DOI: 10.3390/nano14100866

Recent advances in intrinsically stretchable electronic materials and devices

Wei‐Chen Gao, Jing Qiao, Junmei Hu, Ying‐Shi Guan and Quan Li

Responsive Materials, 2024, 2
DOI: 10.1002/rpm.20230022

Simultaneous Light‐Triggered Formation of Polymer Networks and Enhancement of Electrohydrodynamic Instabilities in Liquid Crystals for Versatile Energy‐Saving Smart Windows

Huimin Zhang, Junqin Li, Yuzhen Zhao, Zemin He, Zongcheng Miao and Wenbo Shen

Adv Funct Materials, 2025, 35
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202414618

Bioinspired Ultra‐Robust Ionogels Constructed with Soft‐Rigid Confinement Space for Multimodal Monitoring Electronics

Jingwen Wang, Yapeng Zheng, Tianyang Cui, Tingya Huang, Haodong Liu, Jixin Zhu, Lei Song and Yuan Hu

Adv Funct Materials, 2024, 34
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202312383

Stretchable ionogels: Recent advances in design, toughening mechanisms, material properties and wearable devices applications

Caiyue Huang, Xiaohua Jia, Ding Wang, Xisheng Sun, Qi Liang, Rui Tian, Liyuan Guo, Jin Yang and Haojie Song

Chemical Engineering Journal, 2024, 490, 151850
DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2024.151850

Ionic Gel Electrolytes for Electrochromic Devices

Baoyi Ma, Liang Tang, Yan Zhang, Zhiyong Li, Jun Zhang and Shiguo Zhang

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2024, 16, 48927
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c11641