Issue 23, 2024

A natural killer T cell nanoagonist-initiated immune cascade for hepatocellular carcinoma synergistic immunotherapy

Abstract

Natural killer T (NKT) cell-mediated immunotherapy shows great promise in hepatocellular carcinoma featuring an inherent immunosuppressive microenvironment. However, targeted delivery of NKT cell agonists remains challenging. Here, we developed a hyaluronic acid (HA) modified metal organic framework (zeolitic imidazolate framework-8, ZIF-8) to encapsulate α-galactosylceramide (α-Galcer), a classic NKT cell agonist, and doxorubicin (DOX) for eliminating liver cancer, denoted as α-Galcer/DOX@ZIF-8@HA. In the tumor microenvironment (TME), these pH-responsive nano-frameworks can gradually collapse to release α-Galcer for activating NKT cells and further boosting other immune cells in order to initiate an antitumor immune cascade. Along with DOX, the released α-Galcer enabled efficient NKT cell activation in TME for synergistic immunotherapy and tumor elimination, leading to evident tumor suppression and prolonged animal survival in both subcutaneous and orthotopic liver tumor models. Manipulating NKT cell agonists into functional nano-frameworks in TME may be matched with other advanced managements applied in a wider range of cancer therapies.

Graphical abstract: A natural killer T cell nanoagonist-initiated immune cascade for hepatocellular carcinoma synergistic immunotherapy

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
28 feb 2024
Accepted
13 mai 2024
First published
24 mai 2024

Nanoscale, 2024,16, 11126-11137

A natural killer T cell nanoagonist-initiated immune cascade for hepatocellular carcinoma synergistic immunotherapy

T. Luo, X. Tan, G. Qing, J. Yu, X. Liang and P. Liang, Nanoscale, 2024, 16, 11126 DOI: 10.1039/D4NR00847B

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