Issue 4, 2024

Energy level measurement for organic semiconductors

Abstract

Along with the miniaturization and versatility of organic optoelectronic devices, it is desired to achieve a profound comprehension of the charge transport mechanism and even the basic device physics. The basis of these studies is the acquisition of relevant information about energy levels. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of five commonly-used techniques, including cyclic voltammetry, ultraviolet electron spectroscopy, inverse photoemission electron spectroscopy, low energy inverse photoemission spectroscopy and hot electron spectroscopy. According to the advantages and disadvantages, working mechanism, and application conditions, researchers will screen out a reliable and suitable characterization method, quickly and accurately. This should be beneficial for the efficient promotion of organic electronics and save valuable time for the related research studies.

Graphical abstract: Energy level measurement for organic semiconductors

Article information

Article type
Perspective
Submitted
04 sep 2023
Accepted
10 nov 2023
First published
08 jan 2024

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2024,26, 2768-2779

Energy level measurement for organic semiconductors

X. Zhou, S. Yang, Q. Li, G. Bai, C. Wang and C. Han, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2024, 26, 2768 DOI: 10.1039/D3CP04270G

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