Prospects, advances and biological applications of MOF-based platform for the treatment of lung cancer

Abstract

In our society the lung cancer nowadays is exhibiting high mortality rate and threat to human health. Conventional diagnostic techniques utilised in the field of lung cancer often necessitate the use of extensive instrumentation, exhibit a tendency for false positives, and are not suitable for widespread early screening purposes. Conventional approaches to treat lung cancer primarily involve surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. However, these broad-spectrum treatments suffer from drawbacks such as imprecise targeting and significant side effects, which restrict their widespread use. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have garnered significant interest in the scientific community due to their unique properties and potential applications. These porous nanomaterials are formed through the intricate assembly of metal centres and organic ligands, resulting in a highly versatile structure. One area where MOFs have shown promise is in the field of lung cancer biomarker detection and treatment. Hence, researchers have been exploring the syntheses of MOFs to effectively identify such ailments and have the potential to be target-specific for the treatment of such diseases. This report provides an overview of the advancements made in the field of MOFs as potent biosensors for lung cancer biomarkers. It also delves into the research surrounding the use of MOFs as carriers for drug delivery. Additionally, it explores the applications of MOFs in various therapeutic approaches, including chemodynamic therapy, photodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy, and immunotherapy. Furthermore, this review offers a comprehensive analysis of the potential applications of MOFs in the field of lung cancer diagnosis and treatment. It also presents a concise overview of the existing obstacles, aiming to pave the way for future advancements in lung cancer diagnosis and treatment.