Issue 16, 2024

Drug delivery via a 3D electro-swellable conjugated polymer hydrogel

Abstract

Spatiotemporal controlled drug delivery minimizes side-effects and enables therapies that require specific dosing patterns. Conjugated polymers (CP) can be used for electrically controlled drug delivery; however so far, most demonstrations were limited to molecules up to 500 Da. Larger molecules could be incorporated only during the CP polymerization and thus limited to a single delivery. This work harnesses the record volume changes of a glycolated polythiophene p(g3T2) for controlled drug delivery. p(g3T2) undergoes reversible volumetric changes of up to 300% during electrochemical doping, forming pores in the nm-size range, resulting in a conducting hydrogel. p(g3T2)-coated 3D carbon sponges enable controlled loading and release of molecules spanning molecular weights of 800–6000 Da, from simple dyes up to the hormone insulin. Molecules are loaded as a combination of electrostatic interactions with the charged polymer backbone and physical entrapment in the porous matrix. Smaller molecules leak out of the polymer while larger ones could not be loaded effectively. Finally, this work shows the temporally patterned release of molecules with molecular weight of 1300 Da and multiple reloading and release cycles without affecting the on/off ratio.

Graphical abstract: Drug delivery via a 3D electro-swellable conjugated polymer hydrogel

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
01 nov 2023
Accepted
20 mar 2024
First published
26 mar 2024
This article is Open Access
Creative Commons BY license

J. Mater. Chem. B, 2024,12, 4029-4038

Drug delivery via a 3D electro-swellable conjugated polymer hydrogel

I. Abdel Aziz, J. Gladisch, S. Griggs, M. Moser, H. Biesmans, A. Beloqui, I. McCulloch, M. Berggren and E. Stavrinidou, J. Mater. Chem. B, 2024, 12, 4029 DOI: 10.1039/D3TB02592F

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