Defect-containing metal–organic framework materials for sensor applications

Abstract

Defective metal–organic framework (MOF) materials exhibit remarkable potential across diverse fields such as adsorption, electrocatalysis, and electrochemical sensors due to their exposed massive active sites, defective microstructure, exceptional porosity, substantial specific surface area, and unoccupied metal ligand sites. Herein, the working principles of defect construction, defect mechanism, and defect application of MOFs are first briefly summarized. Therefore, this review enables researchers to be inspired to design defective MOFs for electrochemical sensor applications, which is analyzed to establish a relationship between defect construction, electronic structures, and electrocatalytic performance. To address the current challenging issues of electrochemical sensors, various emerging defect strategies are finally prospected and potential avenues for utilizing defects to enhance sensor technologies are pointed out, providing valuable references for future research.