Issue 7, 2024

Surface modification of multilayer graphene electrodes by local printing of platinum nanoparticles using spark ablation for neural interfacing

Abstract

In this paper, we present the surface modification of multilayer graphene electrodes with platinum (Pt) nanoparticles (NPs) using spark ablation. This method yields an individually selective local printing of NPs on an electrode surface at room temperature in a dry process. NP printing is performed as a post-process step to enhance the electrochemical characteristics of graphene electrodes. The NP-printed electrode shows significant improvements in impedance, charge storage capacity (CSC), and charge injection capacity (CIC), versus the equivalent electrodes without NPs. Specifically, electrodes with 40% NP surface density demonstrate 4.5 times lower impedance, 15 times higher CSC, and 4 times better CIC. Electrochemical stability, assessed via continuous cyclic voltammetry (CV) and voltage transient (VT) tests, indicated minimal deviations from the initial performance, while mechanical stability, assessed via ultrasonic vibration, is also improved after the NP printing. Importantly, NP surface densities up to 40% maintain the electrode optical transparency required for compatibility with optical imaging and optogenetics. These results demonstrate selective NP deposition and local modification of electrochemical properties in graphene electrodes for the first time, enabling the cohabitation of graphene electrodes with different electrochemical and optical characteristics on the same substrate for neural interfacing.

Graphical abstract: Surface modification of multilayer graphene electrodes by local printing of platinum nanoparticles using spark ablation for neural interfacing

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
31 okt 2023
Accepted
13 jan 2024
First published
15 jan 2024
This article is Open Access
Creative Commons BY license

Nanoscale, 2024,16, 3549-3559

Surface modification of multilayer graphene electrodes by local printing of platinum nanoparticles using spark ablation for neural interfacing

N. Bakhshaee Babaroud, S. J. Rice, M. Camarena Perez, W. A. Serdijn, S. Vollebregt and V. Giagka, Nanoscale, 2024, 16, 3549 DOI: 10.1039/D3NR05523J

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