Issue 32, 2024

Phase-pure Ruddlesden–Popper tin halide perovskites for solar energy conversion applications

Abstract

Two-dimensional Ruddlesden–Popper (RP) tin halide perovskites have recently shown promise in solar energy conversion applications owing to their low-toxicity and low-cost processability. However, RP tin halide perovskites typically consist of multiple phases with enormously disordered crystal orientation, lowering their power conversion efficiency. Herein, we show a new method to prepare phase-pure RP tin hybrid perovskite films by fluorinating the conventionally used spacer cation C6H5CH2NH3+ (abbreviated as FBE+). This solvophobic engineering strategy decreases the interaction among spacer cations and solvent molecules to induce the self-assembly of FBE+ cations into micelles. These micelles in the solvent capture tin iodide components, forming crystal nuclei. This “simultaneous” crystallization mode leads to uniformly distributed nuclei and further results in a phase-pure RP perovskite with vertical crystal orientation. The resultant phase pure FBE2FA3Sn4I13 perovskite exhibits an improved carrier mobility and much reduced trap density, which are favourable for solar energy conversion applications. A power conversion efficiency of 9.25% was achieved for the FBE2FA3Sn4I13 perovskite solar cell, which is among the highest efficiencies reported for state-of-the-art two-dimensional RP tin hybrid perovskite cells.

Graphical abstract: Phase-pure Ruddlesden–Popper tin halide perovskites for solar energy conversion applications

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
08 apr 2024
Accepted
09 jul 2024
First published
09 jul 2024

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2024,12, 21008-21015

Phase-pure Ruddlesden–Popper tin halide perovskites for solar energy conversion applications

H. Pan, Y. Wang, Y. Zheng, S. Gao, Y. Xiong, S. Cheng, N. Cheng, W. Yang, X. Gong, J. Zhang, Y. Shen and M. Wang, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2024, 12, 21008 DOI: 10.1039/D4TA02405B

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