Issue 6, 2023

Chemical vapour generation assisted by Cr3+/KCN coupled to atomic fluorescence spectrometry for ultrasensitive determination of cadmium in water and rice samples

Abstract

A methodology for cadmium determination at ultratrace levels based on chemical vapour generation (CVG) coupled to atomic fluorescence spectrometry (AFS) was developed. Cd volatile species were generated in a four-channel flow injection CVG system by the reaction of the analyte with NaBH4 in a HCl medium in the presence of Cr3+/KCN used as modifiers enhancing the CVG efficiency. An in-house assembled non-dispersive AFS was used as a detector of the volatile species in two types of flame atomizers – the miniature diffusion flame (MDF) and the flame-in-gas-shield (FIGS) atomizers. The atomization conditions were optimized for both atomizers and the tolerance towards interferences from hydride forming elements and mercury was examined. The sensitivity obtained with the FIGS atomizer was approximately twofold higher compared to that with the MDF atomizer; therefore, the FIGS atomizer was selected for further analytical applications, providing an excellent limit of detection of 0.42 ng L−1 Cd (63 fg absolute). The accuracy of the proposed methodology was verified by analyses of certified reference materials of water with various matrix complexities (fresh water SRM 1643f, wastewater ERM-CA713 and seawater CASS-4 and NASS-5) and rice flour SRM 1568b after microwave digestion in a diluted acid medium with very good agreement with certified values. In addition, the practical application was successfully demonstrated by determination of Cd content in three samples of rice and rice flour with excellent agreement with the values obtained by solution nebulization inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.

Graphical abstract: Chemical vapour generation assisted by Cr3+/KCN coupled to atomic fluorescence spectrometry for ultrasensitive determination of cadmium in water and rice samples

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
13 mrt 2023
Accepted
19 apr 2023
First published
19 apr 2023

J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 2023,38, 1213-1223

Chemical vapour generation assisted by Cr3+/KCN coupled to atomic fluorescence spectrometry for ultrasensitive determination of cadmium in water and rice samples

B. Štádlerová, L. Sagapova and S. Musil, J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 2023, 38, 1213 DOI: 10.1039/D3JA00083D

To request permission to reproduce material from this article, please go to the Copyright Clearance Center request page.

If you are an author contributing to an RSC publication, you do not need to request permission provided correct acknowledgement is given.

If you are the author of this article, you do not need to request permission to reproduce figures and diagrams provided correct acknowledgement is given. If you want to reproduce the whole article in a third-party publication (excluding your thesis/dissertation for which permission is not required) please go to the Copyright Clearance Center request page.

Read more about how to correctly acknowledge RSC content.

Social activity

Spotlight

Advertisements