Issue 14, 2021

Recent advances on the removal of dyes from wastewater using various adsorbents: a critical review

Abstract

The rapid increase in toxic dye wastewater generated from various industries remains a severe public health issue and prime environmental protection concern, posing a major challenge to existing conventional water treatment systems. Consequently, various physicochemical and biological treatment processes have been studied, which exhibit varying removal abilities depending on their experimental constraints. Among them, adsorption is considered to be the most efficient due to its high removal efficiency, easy operation, cost-effectiveness, and recyclability of the adsorbents. Considering this, the present review article focused on presenting a comprehensive summary of the various types of adsorbents such as commercial activated carbon, metal oxide-based, carbon-based, metal–organic framework, and polymer-based adsorbents used in dye remediation of contaminated water. The effects of several critical factors such as initial dye concentration, solution pH, temperature, and adsorbent dose on the dye adsorption performance are also described. In addition, the adsorption mechanisms responsible for dye removal are explained based on electrostatic attraction, ion exchange, surface complexation, and π–π interactions. Finally, critiques, future perspectives, and a summary of the present article are given. Various adsorbents such as carbon-based materials, metal oxides, bio-adsorbents, and polymer-based materials, have been shown to be efficient for the removal of dye pollutants from wastewater. Thus, it is anticipated that dye removal by adsorption can provide a feasible solution for the treatment of dye-laden water.

Graphical abstract: Recent advances on the removal of dyes from wastewater using various adsorbents: a critical review

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Review Article
Submitted
17 apr 2021
Accepted
02 jun 2021
First published
07 jun 2021
This article is Open Access
Creative Commons BY license

Mater. Adv., 2021,2, 4497-4531

Recent advances on the removal of dyes from wastewater using various adsorbents: a critical review

S. Dutta, B. Gupta, S. K. Srivastava and A. K. Gupta, Mater. Adv., 2021, 2, 4497 DOI: 10.1039/D1MA00354B

This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Licence. You can use material from this article in other publications without requesting further permissions from the RSC, provided that the correct acknowledgement is given.

Read more about how to correctly acknowledge RSC content.

Social activity

Spotlight

Advertisements