Issue 17, 2023

Recent developments in Ti-based nanocatalysts for electrochemical nitrate-to-ammonia conversion

Abstract

Recently, electrochemical NO3-to-NH3 conversion via the nitrate reduction reaction (NO3RR) has received much attention because it is regarded as an available option for sewage treatment and ammonia synthesis under mild conditions. Exploring promising electrocatalysts with low cost, reduced overpotential, high yield rate and faradaic efficiency toward NH3, and sufficient stability is the most crucial factor for NO3-to-NH3 conversion and energy efficiencies. Considering the advantages of being nontoxic and having wide availability, outstanding stability, hydrogen evolution inertness, and mature fabrication techniques, titanium-based (mainly metallic Ti- and TiO2-based) nanomaterials have emerged as potential candidates for NO3-to-NH3 conversion over a wide pH range. This review summarizes the overview of the NO3RR and fundamental insights into metallic Ti and TiO2, and clarifies the relationship among the design strategy, material structure, and performance enhancement. Furthermore, the recent progress in next-generation Ti-based nanomaterials is discussed, including Ti-based MXene and single atomic catalysts. Finally, the challenges and future directions of the NO3RR and Ti-based nanocatalysts are elucidated. This review aims to provide some inspiration for developing effective electrocatalysts for electrochemical NO3-to-NH3 conversion.

Graphical abstract: Recent developments in Ti-based nanocatalysts for electrochemical nitrate-to-ammonia conversion

Article information

Article type
Review Article
Submitted
22 apr 2023
Accepted
18 jun 2023
First published
07 jul 2023

Inorg. Chem. Front., 2023,10, 4901-4917

Recent developments in Ti-based nanocatalysts for electrochemical nitrate-to-ammonia conversion

W. Chen, Y. Xu, J. Liu, H. Cao, Y. Li, X. Ren, S. Ye, J. Liu and Q. Zhang, Inorg. Chem. Front., 2023, 10, 4901 DOI: 10.1039/D3QI00732D

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