Nadia Licciardello, Sebastian Hunoldt, Ralf Bergmann, Garima Singh, Constantin Mamat, Angélique Faramus, John L. Z. Ddungu, Simone Silvestrini, Michele Maggini, Luisa De Cola and Holger Stephan

Nanoscale, 2018, 10, 9880
DOI: 10.1039/C8NR01063C

A fluorescence switching sensor based on graphene quantum dots decorated with Hg2+ and hydrolyzed thioacetamide for highly Ag+-sensitive and selective detection

Pimpisa Kaewanan, Phitchan Sricharoen, Nunticha Limchoowong, Thitiya Sripakdee, Prawit Nuengmatcha and Saksit Chanthai

RSC Adv., 2017, 7, 48058
DOI: 10.1039/C7RA09126E

Sustainable synthesis of single crystalline sulphur-doped graphene quantum dots for bioimaging and beyond

Sujata Sangam, Apoorv Gupta, Adeeba Shakeel, Rohan Bhattacharya, Arun Kumar Sharma, Deepa Suhag, Sandip Chakrabarti, Sandeep Kumar Garg, Sourav Chattopadhyay, Biswarup Basu, Vinod Kumar, Satyendra Kumar Rajput, Malay Kishore Dutta and Monalisa Mukherjee

Green Chem., 2018, 20, 4245
DOI: 10.1039/C8GC01638K

Application of graphene quantum dots functionalized with thymine and thymine-appended zinc phthalocyanine as novel photoluminescent nanoprobes

Ojodomo J. Achadu and Tebello Nyokong

New J. Chem., 2017, 41, 1447
DOI: 10.1039/C6NJ03285K

Self-doped nontoxic red-emitting Mg–N-embedded carbon dots for imaging, Cu(ii) sensing and fluorescent ink

Anshu Bhati, Satyesh Raj Anand, Deepika Saini, Prateek Khare, Prashant Dubey and Sumit Kumar Sonkar

New J. Chem., 2018, 42, 19548
DOI: 10.1039/C8NJ04754E

Organic dots (O-dots) for theranostic applications: preparation and surface engineering

Amin Shiralizadeh Dezfuli, Elmira Kohan, Sepand Tehrani Fateh, Neda Alimirzaei, Hamidreza Arzaghi and Michael R. Hamblin

RSC Adv., 2021, 11, 2253
DOI: 10.1039/D0RA08041A

Multifunctional GQDs for receptor targeting, drug delivery, and bioimaging in pancreatic cancer

Monu Kumar Shukla, Arpana Parihar, Chandrabose Karthikeyan, Deepak Kumar and Raju Khan

Nanoscale, 2023, 15, 14698
DOI: 10.1039/D3NR03161F

Multifaceted boron nitride nanomaterials: a comprehensive review of synthesis, property engineering and multidisciplinary applications

Reveka Kushwah, Samy G. Alamir, Sulaiman Al-Sulaimi, Ahmed Al-Harrasi and Adel Ehab Ibrahim

RSC Adv., 2026, 16, 7777
DOI: 10.1039/D5RA09482H

Manganese(ii) enhanced fluorescent nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots: a facile and efficient synthesis and their applications for bioimaging and detection of Hg2+ ions

Li Yang, Aimiao Qin, Shuoping Chen, Lei Liao, Jiangke Qin and Kaiyou Zhang

RSC Adv., 2018, 8, 5902
DOI: 10.1039/C7RA12133D

Graphene quantum dots and Nafion composite as an ultrasensitive electrochemical sensor for the detection of dopamine

Pengfei Pang, Fuqing Yan, Haizhen Li, Haiyan Li, Yanli Zhang, Hongbin Wang, Zhan Wu and Wenrong Yang

Anal. Methods, 2016, 8, 4912
DOI: 10.1039/C6AY01254J

pH-Responsive fluorescent graphene quantum dots for fluorescence-guided cancer surgery and diagnosis

Zetan Fan, Shixin Zhou, Cesar Garcia, Louzhen Fan and Jiangbing Zhou

Nanoscale, 2017, 9, 4928
DOI: 10.1039/C7NR00888K

Advances, challenges and promises of carbon dots

Jin Gao, Mengmeng Zhu, Hui Huang, Yang Liu and Zhenhui Kang

Inorg. Chem. Front., 2017, 4, 1963
DOI: 10.1039/C7QI00614D

Carbon-based dots for electrochemiluminescence sensing

Ying Chen, Yue Cao, Cheng Ma and Jun-Jie Zhu

Mater. Chem. Front., 2020, 4, 369
DOI: 10.1039/C9QM00572B

Green synthesis of nitrogen-doped carbon dots from lentil and its application for colorimetric determination of thioridazine hydrochloride

Mohammad Amjadi, Tooba Hallaj and Masoumeh Aghdas Mayan

RSC Adv., 2016, 6, 104467
DOI: 10.1039/C6RA22899B

Application of graphene quantum dots decorated with TEMPO-derivatized zinc phthalocyanine as novel nanoprobes: probing the sensitive detection of ascorbic acid

Ojodomo J. Achadu and Tebello Nyokong

New J. Chem., 2016, 40, 8727
DOI: 10.1039/C6NJ01796G

Electroluminescence from carbon quantum dots with an ultra-simple structure of metal/insulator/semiconductor

Shaochi Lin, Haoyuan Song, Lingfeng Du, Yanan Wang, Wei Huang, Junlong Li, Yongai Zhang, Xiongtu Zhou and Chaoxing Wu

J. Mater. Chem. C, 2026, 14, 604
DOI: 10.1039/D5TC03211C

Quantum dots derived from two-dimensional materials and their applications for catalysis and energy

Xuewan Wang, Gengzhi Sun, Nan Li and Peng Chen

Chem. Soc. Rev., 2016, 45, 2239
DOI: 10.1039/C5CS00811E

Resonant energy transfer in a van der Waals stacked MoS2 – functionalized graphene quantum dot composite with ab initio validation

Rajarshi Roy, Ranjit Thapa, Shibsankar Biswas, Subhajit Saha, Uttam Kumar Ghorai, Dipayan Sen, E. Mathan Kumar, Gundam Sandeep Kumar, Nilesh Mazumder, Dipayan Roy and Kalyan Kumar Chattopadhyay

Nanoscale, 2018, 10, 16822
DOI: 10.1039/C8NR04412K

Mechanism for excitation-dependent photoluminescence from graphene quantum dots and other graphene oxide derivates: consensus, debates and challenges

Zhixing Gan, Hao Xu and Yanling Hao

Nanoscale, 2016, 8, 7794
DOI: 10.1039/C6NR00605A

Synthesis of a highly fluorescence nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots bioimaging probe and its in vivo clearance and printing applications

Nargish Parvin and Tapas K. Mandal

RSC Adv., 2016, 6, 18134
DOI: 10.1039/C5RA25402G

Photochemical synthesis of doped graphene quantum dots and their photoluminescence in aqueous and solid states

Dezhi Tan, Xiaofeng Liu and Jianrong Qiu

RSC Adv., 2015, 5, 84276
DOI: 10.1039/C5RA19216A

Recent advancement in quantum dot-based materials for energy storage applications: a review

Yedluri Anil Kumar, Ganesh Koyyada, Tholkappiyan Ramachandran, Jae Hong Kim, H. H. Hegazy, Sangeeta Singh and Md Moniruzzaman

Dalton Trans., 2023, 52, 8580
DOI: 10.1039/D3DT00325F

Synthesis of AuPt/graphene quantum dots nanocomposites for determination of glucose by photoluminescence spectroscopy

Thieu Quang Quoc Viet, Huynh Phuoc Thanh, Do Minh Khoi, Tran Thi Kieu Trinh, Ngo Nguyen Tra My, Toan Duy Pham, Luong Huynh Vu Thanh, Phuong Lan Tran-Nguyen and Tran Thi Bich Quyen

New J. Chem., 2023, 47, 11450
DOI: 10.1039/D3NJ00300K

Coronene: a model for ultrafast dynamics in graphene nanoflakes and PAHs

Alberto Martín Santa Daría, Lola González-Sánchez and Sandra Gómez

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2024, 26, 174
DOI: 10.1039/D3CP03656A

Photophysical properties and photodynamic therapy activity of ameso-tetra(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin tetramethyl ester–graphene quantum dot conjugate

Muthumuni Managa, Bokolombe Pitchou Ngoy and Tebello Nyokong

New J. Chem., 2019, 43, 4518
DOI: 10.1039/C8NJ06175K

Synthesis of nitrogen-doped carbon nanostructures from polyurethane sponge for bioimaging and catalysis

Yong Yang, Jingchao Zhang, Jing Zhuang and Xun Wang

Nanoscale, 2015, 7, 12284
DOI: 10.1039/C5NR03481G

Graphene quantum dots as smart probes for biosensing

Rongbin Xie, Zifei Wang, Wei Zhou, Yanting Liu, Louzhen Fan, Yunchao Li and Xiaohong Li

Anal. Methods, 2016, 8, 4001
DOI: 10.1039/C6AY00289G

Applications of graphene and its derivatives in intracellular biosensing and bioimaging

Xiaohua Zhu, Yang Liu, Pei Li, Zhou Nie and Jinghong Li

Analyst, 2016, 141, 4541
DOI: 10.1039/C6AN01090C

Carbon dots: a booming material for biomedical applications

Wen Su, Hao Wu, Huimin Xu, Yang Zhang, Yunchao Li, Xiaohong Li and Louzhen Fan

Mater. Chem. Front., 2020, 4, 821
DOI: 10.1039/C9QM00658C

Recent advances in graphene quantum dot-based optical and electrochemical (bio)analytical sensors

Ashish Kalkal, Sachin Kadian, Rangadhar Pradhan, Gaurav Manik and Gopinath Packirisamy

Mater. Adv., 2021, 2, 5513
DOI: 10.1039/D1MA00251A

Synthesis and photophysical properties of BODIPY-decorated graphene quantum dot–phthalocyanine conjugates

Nnamdi Nwahara, Reitumetse Nkhahle, Bokolombe P. Ngoy, John Mack and Tebello Nyokong

New J. Chem., 2018, 42, 6051
DOI: 10.1039/C8NJ00758F

Aqueous synthesis of highly fluorescent and stable Cu–In–S/ZnS core/shell nanocrystals for cell imaging

Chun-Nan Zhu, Dong-Yun Zheng, Hui-Min Cao, Shan-Ying Zhu and Xiao-Jun Liu

RSC Adv., 2017, 7, 51001
DOI: 10.1039/C7RA10215A

Fluorescence Quenching of Graphene Quantum Dots by Chloride Ions: A Potential Optical Biosensor for Cystic Fibrosis

Zahid Ifrah, Abbas Shah Rukh, Sharif Muhammad Nauman, Shahid Maryam and Ullah Rahat

Front. Mater., 2022, 9
DOI: 10.3389/fmats.2022.857432

Highly sensitive and selective detection of dopamine with boron and sulfur co-doped graphene quantum dots

Manisha Chatterjee, Prathul Nath, Sachin Kadian, Anshu Kumar, Vishal Kumar, Partha Roy, Gaurav Manik and Soumitra Satapathi

Sci Rep, 2022, 12
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13016-4

Modulating the properties of graphene quantum dots by heteroatom doping for biomedical applications

Vrushti Kansara and Mitali Patel

Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 2024, 691, 133906
DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2024.133906

Highly sensitive electrochemical sensor based on xylan-based Ag@CQDs-rGO nanocomposite for dopamine detection

Guangda Han, Jihai Cai, Chuanfu Liu, Junli Ren, Xiaohui Wang, Jia Yang and Xiaoying Wang

Applied Surface Science, 2021, 541, 148566
DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2020.148566

Harnessing the Potential of Graphene Quantum Dots for Multifunctional Biomedical Applications

Yujia Han, Hongyan Hao, Haixiang Zeng, Hongxia Li, Xiaohui Niu, Wei Qi, Deyi Zhang and Kunjie Wang

The Chemical Record, 2024, 24
DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202400185

Applications of Graphene Quantum Dots in Biomedical Sensors

Bhargav Mansuriya and Zeynep Altintas

Sensors, 2020, 20, 1072
DOI: 10.3390/s20041072

Carbon Nanomaterials in Biological Studies and Biomedicine

Nagappa L. Teradal and Raz Jelinek

Adv Healthcare Materials, 2017, 6
DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201700574

Nanomaterials‐based biosensors for detection of microorganisms and microbial toxins

Laura Sutarlie, Sian Yang Ow and Xiaodi Su

Biotechnology Journal, 2017, 12
DOI: 10.1002/biot.201500459

Band structures of blue luminescent nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots by synchrotron-based XPS

Shuijian He, Matthew J. Turnbull, Yuting Nie, Xuhui Sun and Zhifeng Ding

Surface Science, 2018, 676, 51
DOI: 10.1016/j.susc.2018.01.013

Synthesis, Characterization, and Biodistribution of Quantum Dot‐Celecoxib Conjugate in Mouse Paw Edema Model

Suresh K. Kalangi, Nitin K. Swarnakar, R. Sathyavathi, D. Narayana Rao, Sanyog Jain, Pallu Reddanna and Ilaria Peluso

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2018, 2018
DOI: 10.1155/2018/3090517

Bottom-up and green-synthesis route of amino functionalized graphene quantum dot as a novel biocompatible and label-free fluorescence probe for in vitro cellular imaging of human ACHN cell lines

Hediyeh Mahmood Kashani, Tayyebeh Madrakian, Abbas Afkhami, Frouzandeh Mahjoubi and Mohammad Amin Moosavi

Materials Science and Engineering: B, 2019, 251, 114452
DOI: 10.1016/j.mseb.2019.114452

One-pot synthesis of graphene quantum dots–phthalocyanines supramolecular hybrid and the investigation of their photophysical properties

Gertrude Fomo, Ojodomo J. Achadu and Tebello Nyokong

J Mater Sci, 2018, 53, 538
DOI: 10.1007/s10853-017-1539-y

Carbon Dots for Electroluminescent Light‐Emitting Diodes: Recent Progress and Future Prospects

Yuxin Shi, Wen Su, Fanglong Yuan, Ting Yuan, Xianzhi Song, Yuyi Han, Shuyan Wei, Yang Zhang, Yunchao Li, Xiaohong Li and Louzhen Fan

Advanced Materials, 2023, 35
DOI: 10.1002/adma.202210699

The characterization of plant derived-carbon dots and its responses on chlorophyll a fluorescence kinetics, radical accumulation in guard cells, cellular redox state and antioxidant system in chromium stressed-Lactuca sativa

Ceyda Ozfidan-Konakci, Evren Yildiztugay, Busra Arikan-Abdulveli, Fatma Nur Alp-Turgut, Canan Baslak and Murat Yıldırım

Chemosphere, 2024, 356, 141937
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141937

Surface state selective tunable emission of graphene quantum dots exhibiting novel thermal quenching characteristics

Tamal Dey, Subhrajit Mukherjee, Arup Ghorai, Soumen Das and Samit K. Ray

Carbon, 2018, 140, 394
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2018.09.015

A Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer Biosensor Based on Graphene Quantum Dots and Protoporphyrin IX for the Detection of Melamine

Gao Xue, Ma Zhiying, Liu Xiuying, Tang Lijun and Li Jianrong

J Fluoresc, 2020, 30, 1463
DOI: 10.1007/s10895-020-02524-z

Yellow-emission and pH-responsive carbon dots employed for “turn-off” and “turn-off-on” assaying adenosine triphosphate and kanamycin

Lu Zhao, Jie Liu, Yunfeng Bai, Feng Feng and Xiaoming Yang

Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 2021, 630, 127640
DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.127640

Carbon Dots Enhance the Nitrogen Fixation Activity of Azotobacter Chroococcum

Huibo Wang, Hao Li, Mengling Zhang, Yuxiang Song, Jian Huang, Hui Huang, Mingwang Shao, Yang Liu and Zhenhui Kang

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2018, 10, 16308
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b03758

Functionalized graphene oxide in microbial engineering: An effective stimulator for bacterial growth

Yinchan Luo, Xinxing Yang, Xiaofang Tan, Ligeng Xu, Zhuang Liu, Jie Xiao and Rui Peng

Carbon, 2016, 103, 172
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2016.03.012

Carbon quantum dot-based composites for energy storage and electrocatalysis: Mechanism, applications and future prospects

Van Chinh Hoang, Khyati Dave and Vincent G. Gomes

Nano Energy, 2019, 66, 104093
DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2019.104093

A simple and green method for the production of nanostructured materials from poly(vinyl alcohol)/graphene quantum dots

Bruno V.M. Rodrigues, Tayna S. Cabral, Livia F. Sgobbi, Jorge A.M. Delezuk, Rodrigo S. Pessoa, Eduardo R. Triboni, Thaisa B.F. de Moraes and Anderson O. Lobo

Materials Chemistry and Physics, 2018, 219, 242
DOI: 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2018.08.030

Conjugation of Carboxylated Graphene Quantum Dots with Cecropin P1 for Bacterial Biosensing Applications

Jonathan A. Bruce and Jude C. Clapper

ACS Omega, 2020, 5, 26583
DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c03342

Recent advances in materials science: a reinforced approach toward challenges against COVID-19

Abhinav Saxena, Deepak Khare, Swati Agrawal, Angaraj Singh and Ashutosh Kumar Dubey

emergent mater., 2021, 4, 57
DOI: 10.1007/s42247-021-00179-5

One-Pot Green Synthesis of Biocompatible Graphene Quantum Dots and Their Cell Uptake Studies

Arnab Halder, Maria Godoy-Gallardo, Jon Ashley, Xiaotong Feng, Tongchang Zhou, Leticia Hosta-Rigau and Yi Sun

ACS Appl. Bio Mater., 2018, 1, 452
DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.8b00170

Advancing Frontiers: Graphene-Based Nano-biosensor Platforms for Cutting-Edge Research and Future Innovations

Niket Rana, Jasjeet Narang and Arjun Chauhan

Indian J Microbiol, 2025, 65, 453
DOI: 10.1007/s12088-024-01318-2

Aggregation Induced Emission Fluorogens Light Cells via Microtubules: Accessing the Mechanisms of Intracellular Trafficking of Ionic Substances

Shixin Zhou, Yijun Xia, Yinan Liu, Qihua He and Bo Song

Langmuir, 2017, 33, 5947
DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b04301

Convert agricultural waste into biocompatible carbon dots: New insights into Pb2+ ion sensing, seed germination and secure information systems

B. Ananda, B.R. Radha Krushna, M. Gagana, S.C. Sharma, S.S. Mohapatra, K. Ponnazhagan, J. Inbanathan, K. Manjunatha, Sheng Yun Wu and H. Nagabhushana

Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 2025, 13, 116949
DOI: 10.1016/j.jece.2025.116949

Photodynamic therapy using graphene quantum dot derivatives

Satyaprakash Ahirwar, Sudhanshu Mallick and Dhirendra Bahadur

Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 2020, 282, 121107
DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2019.121107

Graphene quantum dots as efficient, metal-free, visible -light-active photocatalysts

Jiechao Ge, Minhuan Lan, Weimin Liu, Qingyan Jia, Liang Guo, Bingjiang Zhou, Xiangmin Meng, Guangle Niu and Pengfei Wang

Sci. China Mater., 2016, 59, 12
DOI: 10.1007/s40843-016-0115-0

Hydrothermal synthesis of biocompatible nitrogen doped graphene quantum dots

Wan Ibtisam Wan Omar, Chin Fhong Soon, Mohd Khairul Ahmad and Masaru Shimomura

Energy & Environment, 2021, 32, 1170
DOI: 10.1177/0958305X20984112

Graphene quantum dots produced by exfoliation of intercalated graphite nanoparticles and their application for temperature sensors

Duy Khiem Nguyen and TaeYoung Kim

Applied Surface Science, 2018, 427, 1152
DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2017.09.020

Carbon dots with red/near-infrared emissions and their intrinsic merits for biomedical applications

Hui Ding, Xuan-Xuan Zhou, Ji-Shi Wei, Xiao-Bing Li, Bo-Tao Qin, Xiao-Bo Chen and Huan-Ming Xiong

Carbon, 2020, 167, 322
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2020.06.024

Gram‐Scale Synthesis of Highly Efficient Rare‐Earth‐Element‐Free Red/Green/Blue Solid‐State Bandgap Fluorescent Carbon Quantum Rings for White Light‐Emitting Diodes

Ting Meng, Zifei Wang, Ting Yuan, Xiaohong Li, Yunchao Li, Yang Zhang and Louzhen Fan

Angewandte Chemie, 2021, 133, 16479
DOI: 10.1002/ange.202103361

Temperature dependent downconversion photoluminescence of naturally synthesized carbon dots

K Nayana and A. P. Sunitha

J Opt, 2025
DOI: 10.1007/s12596-025-02630-w

Spectroelectrochemistry of Quantum Dots

Jesus Garoz‐Ruiz, Juan V. Perales‐Rondon, Aranzazu Heras and Alvaro Colina

Israel Journal of Chemistry, 2019, 59, 679
DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201900028

Rhodamine Conjugated Gelatin Methacryloyl Nanoparticles for Stable Cell Imaging

Yumeng Xue, Junmin Lee, Han-Jun Kim, Hyun-Jong Cho, Xingwu Zhou, Yaowen Liu, Peyton Tebon, Tyler Hoffman, Moyuan Qu, Haonan Ling, Xing Jiang, Zhikang Li, Shiming Zhang, Wujin Sun, Samad Ahadian, Mehmet. R. Dokmeci, KangJu Lee and Ali Khademhosseini

ACS Appl. Bio Mater., 2020, 3, 6908
DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00802

Emission States Variation of Single Graphene Quantum Dots

Subhabrata Ghosh, Nazar Oleksiievets, Jörg Enderlein and Alexey I. Chizhik

J. Phys. Chem. Lett., 2020, 11, 7356
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c02008

Demonstration of the lack of cytotoxicity of unmodified and folic acid modified graphene oxide quantum dots, and their application to fluorescence lifetime imaging of HaCaT cells

Renee V. Goreham, Kathryn L. Schroeder, Amy Holmes, Siobhan J. Bradley and Thomas Nann

Microchim Acta, 2018, 185
DOI: 10.1007/s00604-018-2679-8

Fluorescent CdSe QDs containing Bacillus licheniformis bioprobes for Copper (II) detection in water

Zheng-Yu Yan, Qing-Qing Du, Dong-Yu Wan, Hang Lv, Zhi-Ran Cao and Sheng-Mei Wu

Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 2017, 107, 41
DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2017.08.001

Historical review and recent advances in the field of carbon dots with their applications

Priya and Rachna Chaudhary

Materials Chemistry and Physics: Sustainability and Energy, 2025, 4, 100028
DOI: 10.1016/j.macse.2025.100028

A facile method to sensitively monitor chlorinated phenols based on Ru(bpy)32+ electrochemiluminescent system using graphene quantum dots as coreactants

Bao-Ping Qi, Xiaoru Zhang, Bing-Bing Shang, Dongshan Xiang, Wanyun Qu and Shenghui Zhang

Carbon, 2017, 121, 72
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2017.05.045

Quenching of graphene quantum dots fluorescence by alkaline phosphatase activity in the presence of hydroquinone diphosphate

Marta Maria Pereira da Silva Neves, María Begoña González‐García, Alejandro Pérez‐Junquera, David Hernández‐Santos and Pablo Fanjul‐Bolado

Luminescence, 2018, 33, 552
DOI: 10.1002/bio.3445

A review on graphene quantum dots, an emerging luminescent carbon nanolights: Healthcare and Environmental applications

T. Daniel Thangadurai, N. Manjubaashini, D. Nataraj, Vincent Gomes and Yong Ill Lee

Materials Science and Engineering: B, 2022, 278, 115633
DOI: 10.1016/j.mseb.2022.115633

Two-Dimensional Quantum Dots: From Photoluminescence to Biomedical Applications

Mariana C. F. Costa, Sergio G. Echeverrigaray, Daria V. Andreeva, Kostya S. Novoselov and Antonio H. Castro Neto

Solids, 2022, 3, 578
DOI: 10.3390/solids3040037

Improving singlet oxygen generating abilities of phthalocyanines: aluminum tetrasulfonated phthalocyanine in the presence of graphene quantum dots and folic acid

Nnamdi Nwahara, Jonathan Britton and Tebello Nyokong

Journal of Coordination Chemistry, 2017, 70, 1601
DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2017.1313975

Carbon-based nanomaterials for targeted cancer nanotherapy: recent trends and future prospects

Mohaddeseh Sajjadi, Mahmoud Nasrollahzadeh, Babak Jaleh, Ghazaleh Jamalipour Soufi and Siavash Iravani

Journal of Drug Targeting, 2021, 29, 716
DOI: 10.1080/1061186X.2021.1886301

Recent advances in graphene quantum dots: Chemistry of synthesis, surface modifications, and improved properties for biomedical applications

Soumyanti Panda, K.S. Shalini Devi, Seiya Tsujimura, Saroj Kumar, Jaroon Jakmunee and Jai Prakash

TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry, 2025, 191, 118293
DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2025.118293

Graphene Oxide Quantum Dots Derived from Coal for Bioimaging: Facile and Green Approach

Sukhyun Kang, Kang Min Kim, Kyunghwan jung, Yong Son, Sungwook Mhin, Jeong Ho Ryu, Kwang Bo Shim, Byoungsoo Lee, HyukSu Han and Taeseup Song

Sci Rep, 2019, 9
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37479-6

Graphene Quantum Dots: A Pharmaceutical Review

Shital Shinde, Aniket Patil and Ravindra Gaikwad

AJPR, 2022, 341
DOI: 10.52711/2231-5691.2022.00054

Photophysical studies of graphene quantum dots - Pyrene-derivatized porphyrins conjugates when encapsulated within Pluronic F127 micelles

Muthumuni Managa, Ojodomo J. Achadu and Tebello Nyokong

Dyes and Pigments, 2018, 148, 405
DOI: 10.1016/j.dyepig.2017.09.031

Strong nanozymatic activity of silicene quantum dots: Enhanced sensitivity for the selective detection of H2O2 and dopamine in complex media

Mohamed Hassan Mahana, Masoomeh Sherazee, Poushali Das, Syed Rahin Ahmed, Seshasai Srinivasan and Amin Reza Rajabzadeh

Microchemical Journal, 2025, 212, 113278
DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2025.113278

Recent Advancement in Bio-precursor derived graphene quantum dots: Synthesis, Characterization and Toxicological Perspective

Rahul S Tade, Sopan N Nangare, Ashwini G Patil, Abhieet Pandey, Prashant K Deshmukh, Dilip R Patil, Tanisha N Agrawal, Srinivas Mutalik, Arun M Patil, Mahesh P More, Sanjay B Bari and Pravin O Patil

Nanotechnology, 2020, 31, 292001
DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab803e

Graphene quantum dots as singlet oxygen producer or radical quencher - The matter of functionalization with urea/thiourea

Svetlana P. Jovanović, Zois Syrgiannis, Milica D. Budimir, Dusan D. Milivojević, Dragana J. Jovanovic, Vladimir B. Pavlović, Jelena M. Papan, Malte Bartenwerfer, Marija M. Mojsin, Milena J. Stevanović and Biljana M. Todorović Marković

Materials Science and Engineering: C, 2020, 109, 110539
DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110539

The Synthesis and Functional Study of Multicolor Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Dots for Live Cell Nuclear Imaging

Yanan Zhang, Xingwei Zhang, Yanping Shi, Chao Sun, Nan Zhou and Haixia Wen

Molecules, 2020, 25, 306
DOI: 10.3390/molecules25020306

Quantum Dots as A Theranostic Approach in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Systematic Review

Maria D Villalva, Vipul Agarwal, Marina Ulanova, Perminder S Sachdev and Nady Braidy

Nanomedicine (Lond.), 2021, 16, 1595
DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2021-0104

A review on synthesis, toxicity profile and biomedical applications of graphene quantum dots (GQDs)

Shuvam Sengupta, Somyajit Pal, Aritra Pal, Subhajit Maity, Kunal Sarkar and Madhusudan Das

Inorganica Chimica Acta, 2023, 557, 121677
DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2023.121677

Exploring the role of triazole functionalized heteroatom co-doped carbon quantum dots against human coronaviruses

Piyush Garg, Sujata Sangam, Dakshi Kochhar, Siddhartha Pahari, Chirantan Kar and Monalisa Mukherjee

Nano Today, 2020, 35, 101001
DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2020.101001

Biofabricated functionalized graphene quantum dots (fGQDs): unraveling its fluorescence sensing mechanism of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) antigen and in vitro bioimaging application

Rahul Shankar Tade and Pravin Onkar Patil

Biomed. Mater., 2022, 17, 055010
DOI: 10.1088/1748-605X/ac84ba

Carbon and graphene quantum dots in fuel cell application: An overview

Norazuwana Shaari, Siti Kartom Kamarudin and Raihana Bahru

Int J Energy Res, 2021, 45, 1396
DOI: 10.1002/er.5889

Exceptionally High Payload of the IR780 Iodide on Folic Acid-Functionalized Graphene Quantum Dots for Targeted Photothermal Therapy

Shuhua Li, Shixin Zhou, Yunchao Li, Xiaohong Li, Jia Zhu, Louzhen Fan and Shihe Yang

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2017, 9, 22332
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b07267

Silk-sericin degummed wastewater solution-derived and nitrogen enriched porous carbon nanosheets for robust biological imaging of stem cells

Chuan-Chung Chuang, Adhimoorthy Prasannan, Po-Da Hong and Ming-Yu Chiang

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2018, 107, 2122
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.10.093

Graphene Quantum Dots as Intracellular Imaging-Based Temperature Sensors

Bong Han Lee, Ryan Lee McKinney, Md. Tanvir Hasan and Anton V. Naumov

Materials, 2021, 14, 616
DOI: 10.3390/ma14030616

Characterization and physicochemical studies of the conjugates of graphene quantum dots with differently charged zinc phthalocyanines

Refilwe Matshitse, Kutloano E. Sekhosana, Ojodomo J. Achadu and Tebello Nyokong

Journal of Coordination Chemistry, 2017, 70, 3308
DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2017.1387652

High-efficiency upconversion process in cobalt and neodymium doped graphene QDs for biomedical applications

Armin Zarghami, Mahboubeh Dolatyari, Hamit Mirtagioglu and Ali Rostami

Sci Rep, 2023, 13
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37518-x

Benefits of oxidation and size reduction of graphene/graphene oxide nanoparticles in biosensing application: Classification of graphene/graphene oxide nanoparticles

Vedran Milosavljevic, Katerina Mitrevska and Vojtech Adam

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2022, 353, 131122
DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2021.131122

Electrical pulse-induced electrochemical biosensor for hepatitis E virus detection

Ankan Dutta Chowdhury, Kenshin Takemura, Tian-Cheng Li, Tetsuro Suzuki and Enoch Y. Park

Nat Commun, 2019, 10
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11644-5

Facile synthesis of fluorescent graphene quantum dots from coffee grounds for bioimaging and sensing

Liang Wang, Weitao Li, Bin Wu, Zhen Li, Shilong Wang, Yuan Liu, Dengyu Pan and Minghong Wu

Chemical Engineering Journal, 2016, 300, 75
DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2016.04.123

The Transformation of 0-D Carbon Dots into 1-, 2- and 3-D Carbon Allotropes: A Minireview

Lerato L. Mokoloko, Roy P. Forbes and Neil J. Coville

Nanomaterials, 2022, 12, 2515
DOI: 10.3390/nano12152515

Gram‐Scale Synthesis of Highly Efficient Rare‐Earth‐Element‐Free Red/Green/Blue Solid‐State Bandgap Fluorescent Carbon Quantum Rings for White Light‐Emitting Diodes

Ting Meng, Zifei Wang, Ting Yuan, Xiaohong Li, Yunchao Li, Yang Zhang and Louzhen Fan

Angew Chem Int Ed, 2021, 60, 16343
DOI: 10.1002/anie.202103361

Aptamer-Based Targeted Drug Delivery Systems: Current Potential and Challenges

Fen He, Nachuan Wen, Daipeng Xiao, Jianhua Yan, Hongjie Xiong, Shundong Cai, Zhenbao Liu and Yanfei Liu

CMC, 2020, 27, 2189
DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666181008142831

Fabrication of valine-functionalized graphene quantum dots and its use as a novel optical probe for sensitive and selective detection of Hg 2+

Zhou Xiaoyan, Li Zhangyi and Li Zaijun

Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 2017, 171, 415
DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2016.08.037

How do magnetic, structural, and electronic criteria of aromaticity relate to HOMO – LUMO gap? An evaluation for graphene quantum dot and its derivatives

Khanh B. Vu, Truong Le Phuc Nhi, Van V. Vu and Son Tung Ngo

Chemical Physics, 2020, 539, 110951
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2020.110951

Design and development of folate-chitosan/CD nanogel: An efficient fluorescent platform for Cancer-specific delivery of AntimiR-21

Fatemeh Radnia, Nasrin Mohajeri, Fatemeh Hashemi, Mahsa Imani and Nosratollah Zarghami

Reactive and Functional Polymers, 2021, 160, 104814
DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2021.104814

Human virus detection with graphene-based materials

Eleni Vermisoglou, David Panáček, Kolleboyina Jayaramulu, Martin Pykal, Ivo Frébort, Milan Kolář, Marián Hajdúch, Radek Zbořil and Michal Otyepka

Biosensors and Bioelectronics, 2020, 166, 112436
DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112436

Graphdiyne:Structure of Fluorescent Quantum Dots

Jie Guo, Mengyu Guo, Fuhui Wang, Weiyue Jin, Chunying Chen, Huibiao Liu and Yuliang Li

Angew Chem Int Ed, 2020, 59, 16712
DOI: 10.1002/anie.202006891

Development strategies of conducting polymer-based electrochemical biosensors for virus biomarkers: Potential for rapid COVID-19 detection

Vinh Van Tran, Nhu Hoa Thi Tran, Hye Suk Hwang and Mincheol Chang

Biosensors and Bioelectronics, 2021, 182, 113192
DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113192

DNA supported graphene quantum dots for Ag ion sensing

Debabrata Mandal, Suparna khatun, Amar Nath Gupta and Amreesh Chandra

Nanotechnology, 2019, 30, 255501
DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab084c

Nanoarchitectured CuTe Thin Films: A Next-Generation Platform for Ultra-Sensitive Biosensing

Arya Vasanth, Aditya Ashok, Ho Ngoc Nam, Quan Manh Phung, Hoang-Phuong Phan, Md. Shahriar A. Hossain and Yusuke Yamauchi

ACS Nano, 2025, 19, 25669
DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5c02615

Semiconductor quantum dots for photodynamic therapy: Recent advances

Bhawna Uprety and Heidi Abrahamse

Front. Chem., 2022, 10
DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.946574

Applications of carbon dots on tumour theranostics

Hao Wu, Wen Su, Huimin Xu, Yang Zhang, Yunchao Li, Xiaohong Li and Louzhen Fan

VIEW, 2021, 2
DOI: 10.1002/VIW.20200061

Carbon dots promote the growth and photosynthesis of mung bean sprouts

Huibo Wang, Mengling Zhang, Yuxiang Song, Hao Li, Hui Huang, Mingwang Shao, Yang Liu and Zhenhui Kang

Carbon, 2018, 136, 94
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2018.04.051

N-doped carbon dots with tunable emission for multifaceted application: solvatochromism, moisture sensing, pH sensing, and solid state multicolor lighting

Md Moniruzzaman and Jongsung Kim

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2019, 295, 12
DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2019.05.035

Ultrasensitive and highly selective fluorescence probe of nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots and zinc oxide decorated carbon foam incorporated molecularly imprinted polymer for trace sparfloxacin determination

Nutnicha Chansud, Ratirat Kaewnok, Piyaluk Nurerk, Frank Davis and Opas Bunkoed

Materials Today Communications, 2023, 35, 105687
DOI: 10.1016/j.mtcomm.2023.105687

Sustainable GQDs for potential application in engineering using corn powder as green precursor

Pushpa Jegannathan, Amin Termeh Yousefi, Nahrizul Adib Kadri and Wan Jefrey Basirun

Fullerenes, Nanotubes and Carbon Nanostructures, 2020, 28, 919
DOI: 10.1080/1536383X.2020.1785433

Nanostructured electrochemical biosensors for real-time and portable health monitoring systems

Ankan Dutta Chowdhury, Sutanu Sarkar, Uddipan Dasgupta and Malabika Ghosh

Biosensors and Bioelectronics: X, 2026, 30, 100766
DOI: 10.1016/j.biosx.2026.100766

Synthesis of highly fluorescent carbon dots fromPlectranthus amboinicusas a fluorescent sensor for Ag+ion

Raja Dineshkumar, Nagaraj Murugan, J M Abisha Rani, M Arthanareeswari, P Kamaraj, S Devikala, Navaneethan Duraisamy and Ashok K Sundramoorthy

Mater. Res. Express, 2019, 6, 104006
DOI: 10.1088/2053-1591/ab3a7b

Novel Water‐Soluble Nickel, Copper, and Cobalt Phthalocyanines and Their Glutathione‐Functionalized Graphene Quantum Dots Combination as Novel Supramolecular Hybrids: Anticancer and Antibacterial Activities

Zekeriya Biyiklioglu, Pinar Sen, Huseyin Bas, Parisa Bolouri, Kadir Sinan Arslan and Fikrettin Sahin

Applied Organom Chemis, 2025, 39
DOI: 10.1002/aoc.70281

An innovative colorimetric platform for the low-cost and selective identification of Cu(II), Fe(III), and Hg(II) using GQDs-DPA supported amino acids by microfluidic paper-based (µPADs) device: Multicolor plasmonic patterns

Parinaz Abdollahiyan, Mohammad Hasanzadeh, Farzad Seidi and Paria Pashazadeh-Panahi

Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 2021, 9, 106197
DOI: 10.1016/j.jece.2021.106197

Advancing gut microbiome insights: Graphene quantum dot nanobiosensors for microbial metabolite detection

Soheil Sadr, Shakiba Nazemian, Shiva Dianaty, Ashkan Hajjafari, Bita Fazel, Arezou Rezaei, Abbas Rahdar, Sonia Fathi-Karkan, Mansour Bayat, Sadanand Pandey, Octavio Luiz Franco, Luiz Fernando Romanholo Ferreira, Zelal Kharaba and Hassan Borji

Chemical Engineering Journal, 2025, 513, 162954
DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2025.162954

Nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots/co-doped PANI binary nanocomposites as high-performance supercapacitor electrode materials

Bengü Getiren, Hasan Altınışık, Zafer Çıplak, Furkan Soysal and Nuray Yıldız

Synthetic Metals, 2023, 298, 117451
DOI: 10.1016/j.synthmet.2023.117451

Comprehensive Review on Synthesis, Applications, and Challenges of Graphene Quantum Dots (GQDs)

Pooja Kadyan, Rohit Malik, Saurabh Bhatia, Ahmed Al Harrasi, Syam Mohan, Mansi Yadav, Sunita Dalal, Seema Ramniwas, Sudhir Kumar Kataria, Thillai Arasu and Valeri P. Tolstoy

Journal of Nanomaterials, 2023, 2023, 1
DOI: 10.1155/2023/2832964

Altering sub-cellular location for bioimaging by engineering the carbon based fluorescent nanoprobe

Chenchen Li, Kangkang Zhang, Chenjie Yao, Lin Ding, Yanan Huang, Xuelian Yin, Junfeng Zhang, Wenchao Gao, Jian Zhang, Minghong Wu and Yanli Wang

Sci. China Mater., 2019, 62, 1496
DOI: 10.1007/s40843-019-9450-3

Exploring quantum materials and applications: a review

Rajat Kumar Goyal, Shivam Maharaj, Pawan Kumar and M. Chandrasekhar

J Mater. Sci: Mater Eng., 2025, 20
DOI: 10.1186/s40712-024-00202-7

Graphdiyne:Structure of Fluorescent Quantum Dots

Jie Guo, Mengyu Guo, Fuhui Wang, Weiyue Jin, Chunying Chen, Huibiao Liu and Yuliang Li

Angewandte Chemie, 2020, 132, 16855
DOI: 10.1002/ange.202006891

Graphene quantum dot based ultrasensitive probe for biosensing of prostate cancer biomarkers: current updates and future challenges

Jidnyasa Pantwalawalkar, Sachin Chandankar, Rahul Tade, Zamir Khan, Matin Shaikh, Trupti Powar, Prashant Patil, Vrushabh Sugandhi and Sopan Nangare

Adv. Nat. Sci: Nanosci. Nanotechnol., 2022, 13, 013001
DOI: 10.1088/2043-6262/ac5e35

A Novel Drug with Potential to Treat Hyperbilirubinemia and Prevent Liver Damage Induced by Hyperbilirubinemia: Carbon Dots Derived from Platycodon grandiflorum

Rui Chen, Huagen Ma, Xiaopeng Li, Meijun Wang, Yunbo Yang, Tong Wu, Yue Zhang, Hui Kong, Huihua Qu and Yan Zhao

Molecules, 2023, 28, 2720
DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062720

Graphene and its derivatives as biomedical materials: future prospects and challenges

Arghya Narayan Banerjee

Interface Focus, 2018, 8
DOI: 10.1098/rsfs.2017.0056

Carbonaceous Nanomaterials for Phototherapy of Cancer

Tanisha Gupta, Bhakti Pawar, Nupur Vasdev, Vinayak Pawar and Rakesh Kumar Tekade

Technol Cancer Res Treat, 2023, 22
DOI: 10.1177/15330338231186388

Highly Water-soluble and Surface Charge-tunable Fluorescent Fullerene Nanoparticles: Facile Fabrication and Cellular Imaging

Rongbin Xie, Zifei Wang, Hongtao Yu, Zetan Fan, Fanglong Yuan, Yunchao Li, Xiaohong Li, Louzhen Fan and Hong Fan

Electrochimica Acta, 2016, 201, 220
DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2016.03.198

Amine-Functionalized Graphene Quantum Dots for Fluorescence-Based Immunosensing of Ferritin

Mayank Garg, Neelam Vishwakarma, Amit L. Sharma and Suman Singh

ACS Appl. Nano Mater., 2021, 4, 7416
DOI: 10.1021/acsanm.1c01398

Nitrogen-Rich D-π-A Structural Carbon Quantum Dots with a Bright Two-Photon Fluorescence for Deep-Tissue Imaging

Fanglong Yuan, Yunchao Li, Xiaohong Li, Jia Zhu, Louzhen Fan, Shixin Zhou, Yiran Zhang and Jiangbing Zhou

ACS Appl. Bio Mater., 2018, 1, 853
DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.8b00276

Graphene quantum dots redefine nanobiomedicine

T.K. Henna and K. Pramod

Materials Science and Engineering: C, 2020, 110, 110651
DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.110651

Graphene-based nanostructures from green processes and their applications in biomedical sensors

Rebecca Goodrum, Haftom Weldekidan, Huiyan Li, Amar K. Mohanty and Manjusri Misra

Advanced Industrial and Engineering Polymer Research, 2024, 7, 37
DOI: 10.1016/j.aiepr.2023.03.001

Chemically clean single-step oxido-reductive synthesis of green luminescent graphene quantum dots as impending electrocatalyst

Jhimli Paul Guin, Saurav K. Guin, Tushar Debnath and Hirendra N. Ghosh

Carbon, 2016, 109, 517
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2016.08.039

Sustainable carbon quantum dots from Vitex negundo leaves as a synergistic nanoplatform for triple object sensing and anticounterfeiting applications

B.K. Korah and B. Mathew

Materials Today Sustainability, 2023, 21, 100273
DOI: 10.1016/j.mtsust.2022.100273

Solvent dependent synthesis of edge-controlled graphene quantum dots with high photoluminescence quantum yield and their application in confocal imaging of cancer cells

Gone Rajender, Upashi Goswami and P.K. Giri

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 2019, 541, 387
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.01.099

Multicolour room temperature phosphorescence of carbon nitride nanoparticles in sodium borohydride and borax matrix

Khemnath Patir, Ananya Dutta and Sonit kumar Gogoi

Materials Chemistry and Physics, 2024, 317, 129125
DOI: 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2024.129125

Challenges for Field-Effect-Transistor-Based Graphene Biosensors

Takao Ono, Satoshi Okuda, Shota Ushiba, Yasushi Kanai and Kazuhiko Matsumoto

Materials, 2024, 17, 333
DOI: 10.3390/ma17020333

Nanomaterial Based Biosensors for Detection of Viruses Including SARS-CoV-2: A Review

Ayushi Bisht, Abhishek Mishra, Harender Bisht and R. M. Tripathi

J. Anal. Test., 2021, 5, 327
DOI: 10.1007/s41664-021-00200-0

One-Pot Synthesis of Bright Blue Luminescent N-Doped GQDs: Optical Properties and Cell Imaging

Huaidong Wang, Chong Qi, Ailing Yang, Xiaoxu Wang and Jie Xu

Nanomaterials, 2021, 11, 2798
DOI: 10.3390/nano11112798

Graphene quantum dots-loaded macrophages as a biomimetic delivery system for bioimaging and photodynamic therapy

Sung Hun Kang, Jung-Yup Lee, Sung Kyun Kim, Soo-Hwan Byun, Il Choi and Seok Jin Hong

Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology, 2023, 85, 104620
DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2023.104620

Water-soluble graphene quantum dot‐based polymer nanoparticles with internal donor/acceptor heterojunctions for efficient and selective detection of cancer cells

Yi-Hsuan Chang, Wei-Hung Chiang, Fasih Bintang Ilhami, Cheng-Yu Tsai, Sin-Yu Huang and Chih-Chia Cheng

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 2023, 637, 389
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.01.104

Progress in utilisation of graphene for electrochemical biosensors

Abdulazeez T. Lawal

Biosensors and Bioelectronics, 2018, 106, 149
DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.01.030

Nanobiosensing with graphene and carbon quantum dots: Recent advances

Brandon K. Walther, Cerasela Zoica Dinu, Dirk M. Guldi, Vladimir G. Sergeyev, Stephen E. Creager, John P. Cooke and Anthony Guiseppi-Elie

Materials Today, 2020, 39, 23
DOI: 10.1016/j.mattod.2020.04.008

Fluorescence behaviour of supramolecular hybrids containing graphene quantum dots and pyrene-derivatized phthalocyanines and porphyrins

Ojodomo J. Achadu, Muthumuni Managa and Tebello Nyokong

Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, 2017, 333, 174
DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2016.10.029

Human serum albumin capsulated hydrophobic carbon nanodots as staining agent on HeLa tumor cell

Mochamad Zakki Fahmi, Denika Liyan Nor Wibowo, Satya Candra Wibawa Sakti, Hwei Voon Lee and Isnaeni

Materials Chemistry and Physics, 2020, 239, 122266
DOI: 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2019.122266

53% Efficient Red Emissive Carbon Quantum Dots for High Color Rendering and Stable Warm White‐Light‐Emitting Diodes

Zifei Wang, Fanglong Yuan, Xiaohong Li, Yunchao Li, Haizheng Zhong, Louzhen Fan and Shihe Yang

Advanced Materials, 2017, 29
DOI: 10.1002/adma.201702910

A precise flexible printed biosensor based on graphene ink decorated with N-doped graphene quantum dots

Naghmeh Gholamalizadeh, Saeedeh Mazinani, Majid Abdouss, Ali Mohammad Bazargan and Fataneh Fatemi

Journal of Molecular Structure, 2024, 1304, 137700
DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2024.137700

A novel magnetic fluorescent biosensor based on graphene quantum dots for rapid, efficient, and sensitive separation and detection of circulating tumor cells

Fangchao Cui, Jian Ji, Jiadi Sun, Jun Wang, Haiming Wang, Yinzhi Zhang, Hong Ding, Yong Lu, Dan Xu and Xiulan Sun

Anal Bioanal Chem, 2019, 411, 985
DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-1501-0

Recent Advances in Graphene Quantum Dots as Bioimaging Probes

Ruizhong Zhang and Zhifeng Ding

J. Anal. Test., 2018, 2, 45
DOI: 10.1007/s41664-018-0047-7

Promising photodynamic antimicrobial activity of polyimine substituted zinc phthalocyanine and its polycationic derivative when conjugated to nitrogen, sulfur, co-doped graphene quantum dots against Staphylococcus aureus

Pinar Sen and Tebello Nyokong

Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy, 2021, 34, 102300
DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2021.102300

Enhanced NIR fluorescence quantum yield of graphene quantum dots using dopants

Priya Rani, Ranjeet Dalal and Sunita Srivastava

Phys. Scr., 2023, 98, 064004
DOI: 10.1088/1402-4896/acd3c6

One step synthesis of graphene quantum dots, graphene nanosheets and carbon nanospheres: investigation of photoluminescence properties

Fatemeh Behzadi, Esmaiel Saievar-Iranizad and Amir Bayat

Mater. Res. Express, 2019, 6, 105615
DOI: 10.1088/2053-1591/ab3dd5

Recent advances of biomass carbon dots on syntheses, characterization, luminescence mechanism, and sensing applications

Ying Lou, Xinyu Hao, Lei Liao, Kaiyou Zhang, Shuoping Chen, Ziyuan Li, Jun Ou, Aimiao Qin and Zhou Li

Nano Select, 2021, 2, 1117
DOI: 10.1002/nano.202000232

Surface functionality and formation mechanisms of carbon and graphene quantum dots

Anuja Bokare, Dennis Nordlund, Cynthia Melendrez, Ryan Robinson, Ozgur Keles, Abraham Wolcott and Folarin Erogbogbo

Diamond and Related Materials, 2020, 110, 108101
DOI: 10.1016/j.diamond.2020.108101

Novel nanobelts constructed from hexagonal graphene quantum dots: Electronic, optical, and sensing properties

Hazem Abdelsalam, Omar H. Abd-Elkader, Mahmoud A.S. Sakr, Nahed H. Teleb, W. Osman, Wang Zhilong and Qinfang Zhang

Results in Physics, 2024, 57, 107412
DOI: 10.1016/j.rinp.2024.107412

Na-doped carbon nanodots: shed light on the concentration modulated photoluminescence and two-photon absorption performance

Jayaramakrishnan Velusamy and Gabriel Ramos-Ortiz

Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 2022, 634, 127993
DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.127993

Graphene Quantum Dot-Based Electrochemical Immunosensors for Biomedical Applications

Bhargav D. Mansuriya and Zeynep Altintas

Materials, 2019, 13, 96
DOI: 10.3390/ma13010096

Investigation of the Therapeutic Contribution of the Nanoconjugated Form Using Sono‐Photochemical Application; Novel Indium Phthalocyanine and Its Cystein‐Functionalized Graphene Quantum Dot Derivative

Kevser Celep, Gökçe Gökçil, Pınar Şen, Fikrettin Şahin, Ali Erdoğmuş and Göknur Yaşa Atmaca

Applied Organom Chemis, 2025, 39
DOI: 10.1002/aoc.70007

Graphene quantum dots coordinated to mercaptopyridine-substituted phthalocyanines: Characterization and application as fluorescence “turn ON” nanoprobes

Ojodomo J. Achadu and Tebello Nyokong

Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 2017, 174, 339
DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2016.11.043

Development and validation of a green spectrofluorimetric method for brivaracetam determination using N-doped graphene quantum dots: Mechanistic insights and bioanalytical applications

Reem M. Alnemari, Maram H. Abduljabbar, Yusuf S. Althobaiti, Sameer Alshehri, Farooq M. Almutairi, Humood Al Shmrany, Eid Semer Alatwi, Ahmed Serag and Atiah H. Almalki

Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, 2025, 465, 116357
DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2025.116357

Electronic Current Mapping of Transport through Defective Zigzag Graphene Nanoribbons

Jingjing Shao, Vincent Pohl, Lukas Eugen Marsoner Steinkasserer, Beate Paulus and Jean Christophe Tremblay

J. Phys. Chem. C, 2020, 124, 23479
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.0c05161

Recent Advances on Graphene Quantum Dots for Bioimaging Applications

Muhammad Rizwan Younis, Gang He, Jing Lin and Peng Huang

Front. Chem., 2020, 8
DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00424

Emission-wavelength-dependent photoluminescence decay lifetime of N-functionalized graphene quantum dot downconverters: Impact on conversion efficiency of Cu(In, Ga)Se2 solar cells

Firoz Khan and Jae Hyun Kim

Sci Rep, 2019, 9
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47068-w

Shining carbon dots: Synthesis and biomedical and optoelectronic applications

Fanglong Yuan, Shuhua Li, Zetan Fan, Xiangyue Meng, Louzhen Fan and Shihe Yang

Nano Today, 2016, 11, 565
DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2016.08.006

One-pot synthesis of highly fluorescent amino-functionalized graphene quantum dots for effective detection of copper ions

Tran Van Tam and Won Mook Choi

Current Applied Physics, 2018, 18, 1255
DOI: 10.1016/j.cap.2018.07.002

Bright Multicolor Bandgap Fluorescent Carbon Quantum Dots for Electroluminescent Light‐Emitting Diodes

Fanglong Yuan, Zhibin Wang, Xiaohong Li, Yunchao Li, Zhan'ao Tan, Louzhen Fan and Shihe Yang

Advanced Materials, 2017, 29
DOI: 10.1002/adma.201604436

Graphene Quantum Dots‐Based Advanced Electrode Materials: Design, Synthesis and Their Applications in Electrochemical Energy Storage and Electrocatalysis

Wenwen Liu, Matthew Li, Gaopeng Jiang, Gaoran Li, Jianbing Zhu, Meiling Xiao, Yanfei Zhu, Rui Gao, Aiping Yu, Ming Feng and Zhongwei Chen

Advanced Energy Materials, 2020, 10
DOI: 10.1002/aenm.202001275

Application of graphene quantum dots as green homogenous nanophotocatalyst in the visible-light-driven photolytic process

Mahmoud Roushani, Maryamosadat Mavaei, Ali Daneshfar and Hamid Reza Rajabi

J Mater Sci: Mater Electron, 2017, 28, 5135
DOI: 10.1007/s10854-016-6169-7

Designed graphene-peptide nanocomposites for biosensor applications: A review

Li Wang, Yujie Zhang, Aiguo Wu and Gang Wei

Analytica Chimica Acta, 2017, 985, 24
DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.06.054

Double-emission mechanism of laser-induced HOPG-exfoliated Graphene Quantum Dots (GQDs)

Miao An, Junxiao Wu, Peijie Wang and Yan Fang

Applied Physics Letters, 2019, 114
DOI: 10.1063/1.5081018

Prospective of microwave-assisted and hydrothermal synthesis of carbon quantum dots/silver nanoparticles for spectrophotometric determination of losartan potassium in pure form and pharmaceutical formulations

Fadam M. Abdoon and Hayfaa M. Atawy

Materials Today: Proceedings, 2021, 42, 2141
DOI: 10.1016/j.matpr.2020.12.298

A fluorescent imaging assay of cast in renal disease based on graphene quantum dots and Fe3O4 nanoparticles

Dongneng Jiang, Danni Ni, Fei Liu, Liqun Zhang, Linlin Liu and Xiaoyun Pu

Clinica Chimica Acta, 2016, 454, 94
DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2016.01.001

Graphene quantum dots: A contemporary perspective on scope, opportunities, and sustainability

Pradip Kumar, Chetna Dhand, Neeraj Dwivedi, Shiv Singh, Raju Khan, Sarika Verma, Archana Singh, Manoj Kumar Gupta, Surender Kumar, Rajeev Kumar and Avanish Kumar Srivastava

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2022, 157, 111993
DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2021.111993

Exploring the excellent photophysical and electrochemical properties of graphene quantum dots for complementary sensing of uranium

Saurav K. Guin, Arvind S. Ambolikar, Jhimli Paul Guin and Suman Neogy

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2018, 272, 559
DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2018.05.176

CA 19-9 Pancreatic Tumor Marker Fluorescence Immunosensing Detection via Immobilized Carbon Quantum Dots Conjugated Gold Nanocomposite

Nawal Alarfaj, Maha El-Tohamy and Hesham Oraby

IJMS, 2018, 19, 1162
DOI: 10.3390/ijms19041162

Superior photodynamic effect of carbon quantum dots through both type I and type II pathways: Detailed comparison study of top-down-synthesized and bottom-up-synthesized carbon quantum dots

Timothy J. Pillar-Little, Namal Wanninayake, Leona Nease, David K. Heidary, Edith C. Glazer and Doo Young Kim

Carbon, 2018, 140, 616
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2018.09.004

A fluorescence labelling and switchable nanosensor based on nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots

Feng Xie, Ting Wang, Xiameng Li, Da Chen, Changxing Wang, Gang Wang, Xiaohu Zheng and Qinglei Guo

Bull Mater Sci, 2022, 45
DOI: 10.1007/s12034-021-02594-0

Evolution of large-area reduced graphene oxide nanosheets from carbon dots via thermal treatment

Lerato L Mokoloko, Boitumelo J Matsoso, Roy P. Forbes, Dean H. Barrett, Beatriz D. Moreno and Neil J. Coville

Carbon Trends, 2021, 4, 100074
DOI: 10.1016/j.cartre.2021.100074

Carbon dots doped with heteroatoms for fluorescent bioimaging: a review

Jin Zhou, Hui Zhou, Jinbao Tang, Shue Deng, Fang Yan, Wenjing Li and Meihua Qu

Microchim Acta, 2017, 184, 343
DOI: 10.1007/s00604-016-2043-9

Interaction of Carbon Dots with Endothelial Cells: Implications for Biomedical Applications

Anjana Sharma, Vineeta Panwar, Vianni Chopra, Jijo Thomas, Swati Kaushik and Deepa Ghosh

ACS Appl. Nano Mater., 2019, 2, 5483
DOI: 10.1021/acsanm.9b01080

Hexagonal boron nitride quantum dots: Properties, preparation and applications

Xiaofang Zhang, Lulu An, Changning Bai, Li Chen and Yuanlie Yu

Materials Today Chemistry, 2021, 20, 100425
DOI: 10.1016/j.mtchem.2021.100425

Graphene quantum dots lubricant for precipitate-hardened steel machining: a data-driven approach for cleaner manufacturing

Naresh Babu Munuswamy, Dinesh Babu Munuswamy, Meenakshi Naresh Babu, Anandan Viswanathan, Neelakandapillai Lakshmanan Parthasarathi, Ruby Thomas, Priyanka Mishra and N S Ross

Int J Adv Manuf Technol, 2026, 142, 4159
DOI: 10.1007/s00170-025-17311-y

Graphene and Carbon Quantum Dot-Based Materials in Photovoltaic Devices: From Synthesis to Applications

Sofia Paulo, Emilio Palomares and Eugenia Martinez-Ferrero

Nanomaterials, 2016, 6, 157
DOI: 10.3390/nano6090157

Design of zero-dimensional graphene quantum dots based nanostructures for the detection of organophosphorus pesticides in food and water: A review

Mahendra R. Mahajan and Pravin O. Patil

Inorganic Chemistry Communications, 2022, 144, 109883
DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2022.109883

D-penicillamine-functionalized graphene quantum dots for fluorescent detection of Fe3+ in iron supplement oral liquids

Wang Xuan, Li Ruiyi, Fan Saiying, Li Zaijun, Wang Guangli, Gu Zhiguo and Liu Junkang

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2017, 243, 211
DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2016.11.150

Label free, electric field mediated ultrasensitive electrochemical point-of-care device for CEA detection

B. Chakraborty, A. Das, N. Mandal, N. Samanta, N. Das and C. Roy Chaudhuri

Sci Rep, 2021, 11
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82580-y

The Effect of Carbon Quantum Dots on the Growth of Aspergillus Oryzae

Gaiqin Zhu, Jiangrong Dan, Lina Xiong, Xiaoyu Zhang, Yan Lei, Yitong Yao, Hua Liu, Zhong Chen, Shuwang Duo, Deliang Li and Xiaoxia Li

NANO, 2025, 20
DOI: 10.1142/S1793292024500875

Ultrasensitive, high-throughput and multiple cancer biomarkers simultaneous detection in serum based on graphene oxide quantum dots integrated microfluidic biosensing platform

Chunhua Wang, Yu Zhang, Wei Tang, Chao Wang, Yingkuan Han, Le Qiang, Jianwei Gao, Hong Liu and Lin Han

Analytica Chimica Acta, 2021, 1178, 338791
DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338791

Graphene/MoS2 Nanohybrid for Biosensors

Jinho Yoon, Joungpyo Lim, Minkyu Shin, Sang-Nam Lee and Jeong-Woo Choi

Materials, 2021, 14, 518
DOI: 10.3390/ma14030518

The Growth of Hexagonal Boron Nitride Quantum Dots on Polycrystalline Nickel Films by Plasma-Assisted Molecular Beam Epitaxy

Nurzal Nurzal, Wei-Cyuan Huang, Cheng-Yu Liu, Su-Hua Chen and Ing-Song Yu

Crystals, 2022, 12, 347
DOI: 10.3390/cryst12030347

Folic Acid-Modified B-Type Y2O3:Eu3+ Quantum Dots: A Bright Approach to Fluorescence Imaging of Cancer Cells

Soorya G. Nath, Jiya Jose, Sarita G. Bhat and E. I. Anila

ACS Appl. Nano Mater., 2024, 7, 21160
DOI: 10.1021/acsanm.4c04510

Electrocatalytic activity of a push-pull phthalocyanine in the presence of reduced and amino functionalized graphene quantum dots towards the electrooxidation of hydrazine

Sixolile Centane, Edward Kutloano Sekhosana, Refilwe Matshitse and Tebello Nyokong

Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry, 2018, 820, 146
DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2018.05.005

Nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots/ polyvinyl alcohol nanocomposite for photon management: Application in CIGS photovoltaic cells

Thamraa Alshahrani, Firoz Khan, Masoud Al-Rasheidi, Imran Fareed, M. Abdul Majid and Jae Hyun Kim

Optical Materials, 2024, 151, 115384
DOI: 10.1016/j.optmat.2024.115384

Development of Biodegradable GQDs-hMSNs for Fluorescence Imaging and Dual Cancer Treatment via Photodynamic Therapy and Drug Delivery

Sarah Reagen, Yingfen Wu, Di Sun, Carlos Munoz, Nuri Oncel, Colin Combs and Julia Xiaojun Zhao

IJMS, 2022, 23, 14931
DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314931

Photo‐and Electroluminescence from Nitrogen‐Doped and Nitrogen–Sulfur Codoped Graphene Quantum Dots

Md Tanvir Hasan, Roberto Gonzalez‐Rodriguez, Conor Ryan, Nicolas Faerber, Jeffery L. Coffer and Anton V. Naumov

Adv Funct Materials, 2018, 28
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201804337

Combining metal nanoclusters and carbon nanomaterials: Opportunities and challenges in advanced nanohybrids

Raquel C.F.G. Lopes, Bruno G.M. Rocha, Ermelinda M.S. Maçôas, Eduardo F. Marques and José M.G. Martinho

Advances in Colloid and Interface Science, 2022, 304, 102667
DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2022.102667

Preparation of blue- and green-emissive nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots from graphite and their application in bioimaging

Hameed Shah, Wenjing Xie, Yuanyuan Wang, Xinrui Jia, Asmat Nawaz, Qi Xin, Maoyong Song and Jian Ru Gong

Materials Science and Engineering: C, 2021, 119, 111642
DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111642

Photoluminescence, photothermal and magnetic properties of nitrogen doped graphene quantum dots based ternary nanocomposite

Ceren Gökalp, Zafer Çıplak, Bengü Getiren and Nuray Yıldız

Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 2020, 605, 125370
DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.125370

Carbon Dots as an Effective Fluorescent Sensing Platform for Metal Ion Detection

Donggeon Yoo, Yuri Park, Banyoon Cheon and Myoung-Hwan Park

Nanoscale Res Lett, 2019, 14
DOI: 10.1186/s11671-019-3088-6

A facile and high-efficient approach to yellow emissive graphene quantum dots from graphene oxide

Yan Zhao, Xiaolong Wu, Shan Sun, Liling Ma, Ling Zhang and Hengwei Lin

Carbon, 2017, 124, 342
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2017.09.011