Recent advances in magnetism of graphene from 0D to 2D

Abstract

Graphene appears as a promising candidate in the spintronic application due to its fascinating electrical properties. A large number of theoretical and experimental studies have demonstrated the accessibility and significance of inducing magnetism in graphene-based systems. This review is dedicated to the overview of the latest five-year advances of studies on graphene's magnetism based on a dimensional viewpoint, including nanoflakes (0D), graphene nanoribbons (1D), graphene sheets and twisted bilayer graphene (2D). Various methods, such as edge engineering, defect engineering, sp³ functionalization, heteroatom adsorption and interlayer rotation, are suggested to induce intriguing magnetic behaviors. Finally, we summarized the challenges and opportunities in the field to provide guidance for future research.