Issue 19, 2024

Application of 3D, 4D, 5D, and 6D bioprinting in cancer research: what does the future look like?

Abstract

The application of three- and four-dimensional (3D/4D) printing in cancer research represents a significant advancement in understanding and addressing the complexities of cancer biology. 3D/4D materials provide more physiologically relevant environments compared to traditional two-dimensional models, allowing for a more accurate representation of the tumor microenvironment that enables researchers to study tumor progression, drug responses, and interactions with surrounding tissues under conditions similar to in vivo conditions. The dynamic nature of 4D materials introduces the element of time, allowing for the observation of temporal changes in cancer behavior and response to therapeutic interventions. The use of 3D/4D printing in cancer research holds great promise for advancing our understanding of the disease and improving the translation of preclinical findings to clinical applications. Accordingly, this review aims to briefly discuss 3D and 4D printing and their advantages and limitations in the field of cancer. Moreover, new techniques such as 5D/6D printing and artificial intelligence (AI) are also introduced as methods that could be used to overcome the limitations of 3D/4D printing and opened promising ways for the fast and precise diagnosis and treatment of cancer.

Graphical abstract: Application of 3D, 4D, 5D, and 6D bioprinting in cancer research: what does the future look like?

Article information

Article type
Review Article
Submitted
15 ဖေ 2024
Accepted
12 ဧပြီ 2024
First published
13 ဧပြီ 2024

J. Mater. Chem. B, 2024,12, 4584-4612

Application of 3D, 4D, 5D, and 6D bioprinting in cancer research: what does the future look like?

D. Khorsandi, D. Rezayat, S. Sezen, R. Ferrao, A. Khosravi, A. Zarepour, M. Khorsandi, M. Hashemian, S. Iravani and A. Zarrabi, J. Mater. Chem. B, 2024, 12, 4584 DOI: 10.1039/D4TB00310A

To request permission to reproduce material from this article, please go to the Copyright Clearance Center request page.

If you are an author contributing to an RSC publication, you do not need to request permission provided correct acknowledgement is given.

If you are the author of this article, you do not need to request permission to reproduce figures and diagrams provided correct acknowledgement is given. If you want to reproduce the whole article in a third-party publication (excluding your thesis/dissertation for which permission is not required) please go to the Copyright Clearance Center request page.

Read more about how to correctly acknowledge RSC content.

Social activity

Spotlight

Advertisements