Issue 15, 2024

Metal–organic framework-based adsorbents for blood purification: progress, challenges, and prospects

Abstract

Blood purification, such as hemodialysis (HD), plasma exchange (PE), and hemoperfusion (HP), is widely applied in patients with organ failure (such as kidney and liver failure). Among them, HP mainly relies on porous adsorbents to efficiently adsorb accumulated metabolic wastes and toxins, thus improving purification efficiency. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), with a high porosity, large surface area, high loading capacity, and tailorable topology, are emerging as some of the most promising materials for HP. Compared with non-metal framework counterparts, the self-built metal centers of MOFs feature the intrinsic advantages of coordination with toxin molecules. However, research on MOFs in blood purification is insufficient, particularly in contrast to materials applied in other biomedical applications. Thus, to broaden this area, this review first discusses the essential characteristics, potential mechanisms, and structure–function relationship between MOFs and toxin adsorption based on porosity, topology, ligand functionalization, metal centers, and toxin types. Moreover, the stability, utilization safety, and hemocompatibility of MOFs are illustrated for adsorbent selection. The current development and progress in MOF composites for HD, HP, and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) are also summarized to highlight their practicability. Finally, we propose future opportunities and challenges from materials design and manufacture to the computational prediction of MOFs in blood purification. It is anticipated that our review will expand the interest of researchers for more impact in this area.

Graphical abstract: Metal–organic framework-based adsorbents for blood purification: progress, challenges, and prospects

Article information

Article type
Review Article
Submitted
26 ဒီ 2023
Accepted
04 မတ် 2024
First published
05 မတ် 2024

J. Mater. Chem. B, 2024,12, 3594-3613

Metal–organic framework-based adsorbents for blood purification: progress, challenges, and prospects

J. Wang, C. Cheng, S. Sun, W. Zhao and C. Zhao, J. Mater. Chem. B, 2024, 12, 3594 DOI: 10.1039/D3TB03047D

To request permission to reproduce material from this article, please go to the Copyright Clearance Center request page.

If you are an author contributing to an RSC publication, you do not need to request permission provided correct acknowledgement is given.

If you are the author of this article, you do not need to request permission to reproduce figures and diagrams provided correct acknowledgement is given. If you want to reproduce the whole article in a third-party publication (excluding your thesis/dissertation for which permission is not required) please go to the Copyright Clearance Center request page.

Read more about how to correctly acknowledge RSC content.

Social activity

Spotlight

Advertisements