Issue 7, 2024

Systematics of stable copper and silver clusters protected by small bite chelating bidentate sulfur and selenium ligands related to their polyhedral cavities: analogies to aliphatic compounds and three-dimensional spherical aromatic systems

Abstract

Silver and copper clusters capped by external chelating dithiolate ligands can be classified according to the cavities in their central coinage metal polyhedra. Silver clusters composed exclusively of fused tetrahedra are analogous to simple saturated organic compounds. The only interstitial atom that can be fit into an Ag4 tetrahedron is hydrogen. Silver polyhedra with larger trigonal prismatic or cubic cavities, including highly distorted cubic cavities, can accommodate halide and chalcogenide anions. The still larger 12-vertex icosahedral and cuboctahedral coinage metal cavities can accommodate oxoanions of the types SO32− and SO42− and their heavier congeners or alternatively interstitial coinage or platinum group metals leading to central M′@M12 units. Copper clusters with central cuboctahedra and silver clusters with central icosahedra possessing interstitial metal atoms approximate sphericality and provide examples of electron-rich metal superatoms with an average metal oxidation state of less than +1. Such copper cluster superatoms have two extra electrons corresponding to a filled 1S2 superatomic orbital. The silver cluster superatoms are electron richer with eight extra electrons corresponding to filled 1S2 + 1P6 superatomic orbitals. In these silver clusters seven or eight faces of the central Ag12 icosahedron are capped by additional silver atoms in order to provide these additional electrons.

Graphical abstract: Systematics of stable copper and silver clusters protected by small bite chelating bidentate sulfur and selenium ligands related to their polyhedral cavities: analogies to aliphatic compounds and three-dimensional spherical aromatic systems

Article information

Article type
Perspective
Submitted
30 Nov. 2023
Accepted
18 Dec. 2023
First published
19 Dec. 2023

Dalton Trans., 2024,53, 2895-2902

Systematics of stable copper and silver clusters protected by small bite chelating bidentate sulfur and selenium ligands related to their polyhedral cavities: analogies to aliphatic compounds and three-dimensional spherical aromatic systems

R. B. King, Dalton Trans., 2024, 53, 2895 DOI: 10.1039/D3DT03998F

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