Issue 39, 2023

Waterbed inspired stress relaxation strategies of patterned silicon anodes for fast-charging and longevity of lithium microbatteries

Abstract

Over the past 20 years, silicon (Si) has been an investigated anode material for lithium-ion batteries due to its high capability. However, the large strain evolution during lithiation/delithiation that leads to pulverization and delamination has hindered its industrial realization. Effectively suppressing the stress evolution that arises in Li–Si alloy reactions has been an endless debate. Recently, multiscale pattern technologies have been demonstrated on activated materials and current collectors to achieve better performance, especially in terms of lifetime. Our pattern strategy is inspired by the structure of “waterbeds”, where individual Si islands were surrounded by buffer walls to accomplish stress relaxation. We developed an advanced pattern technique based on lithiated polyacrylate acid (LiPAA) for its bi-functionalization of adhesion and viscoelasticity with Si to better accommodate the mechanical stress, especially at high-rates. Ultimately, we demonstrate longevity performance with almost “zero-loss” over 200 cycles at 1C and an excellent rate retention of 26.7% at 20C. We systematically analyze the diffusivity of Li-ions in various patterned Si anodes to explain the fast-charging and the long-term cycling properties. This facile fabrication of a unique pattern structure can provide new strategies for the rational design of various thin-film materials that suffer from the volume change issue during battery operation.

Graphical abstract: Waterbed inspired stress relaxation strategies of patterned silicon anodes for fast-charging and longevity of lithium microbatteries

  • This article is part of the themed collection: #MyFirstJMCA

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
06 Jūl. 2023
Accepted
31 Aug. 2023
First published
31 Aug. 2023

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2023,11, 21211-21221

Waterbed inspired stress relaxation strategies of patterned silicon anodes for fast-charging and longevity of lithium microbatteries

Y. Chen, Y. Cheng, J. Huang and C. Liu, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2023, 11, 21211 DOI: 10.1039/D3TA03968D

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