Issue 19, 2023

In vivo applications of micro/nanorobots

Abstract

Untethered robots in the size range of micro/nano-scale offer unprecedented access to hard-to-reach areas of the body. In these challenging environments, autonomous task completion capabilities of micro/nanorobots have been the subject of research in recent years. However, most of the studies have presented preliminary in vitro results that can significantly differ under in vivo settings. Here, we focus on the studies conducted with animal models to reveal the current status of micro/nanorobotic applications in real-world conditions. By a categorization based on target locations, we highlight the main strategies employed in organs and other body parts. We also discuss key challenges that require interest before the successful translation of micro/nanorobots to the clinic.

Graphical abstract: In vivo applications of micro/nanorobots

Article information

Article type
Review Article
Submitted
02 Febr. 2023
Accepted
18 Apr. 2023
First published
27 Apr. 2023

Nanoscale, 2023,15, 8491-8507

In vivo applications of micro/nanorobots

C. M. Oral and M. Pumera, Nanoscale, 2023, 15, 8491 DOI: 10.1039/D3NR00502J

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