Issue 1, 2023

Removal of Cl(−I) from acidic industrial wastewater through oxidation: a review on methods and mechanisms

Abstract

An abundance of acidic wastewater containing high concentrations of Cl(−I) is produced annually in industries. The traditional precipitation, ion exchange and physical separation methods for Cl(−I) removal possess the major limitation of low efficiency, making it necessary to develop new approaches with high efficiency. Recently, the technology of advanced oxidation process (AOPs) and ligand-to-metal charge transfer process (LMCT) has attracted considerable attention for the oxidation removal of Cl(−I), where the various intermediate active species with extremely high oxidability exhibit the ability to oxidize Cl(−I). In this article, the efficiency, mechanisms, advantages, limitations, developmental trends and potential improvements of the electrolysis, UV-induced and strong-oxidant-dominated oxidation approaches for Cl(−I) removal are reviewed in detail. The oxidation approaches exhibit the common advantage of high efficiency. However, the potential secondary pollution of Cl2 gas and the high requirement for wastewater quality limit the actual application. Before the electrolysis and UV-induced oxidation methods can be applied, the energy consumption must be further reduced. Additionally, the slow release and stability of the Na2S2O8, NaBiO3 and PbO2 agents should be further studied in the strong-oxidant-dominated oxidation approaches. This study provides the effective removal of Cl(−I) from acidic industrial wastewater with the theoretical foundation and technical support.

Graphical abstract: Removal of Cl(−I) from acidic industrial wastewater through oxidation: a review on methods and mechanisms

Article information

Article type
Critical Review
Submitted
15 Aug. 2022
Accepted
08 Nov. 2022
First published
11 Nov. 2022

Environ. Sci.: Water Res. Technol., 2023,9, 38-47

Removal of Cl(−I) from acidic industrial wastewater through oxidation: a review on methods and mechanisms

W. Dou, X. Hu, L. Kong, Y. Yu, Y. Yang and L. Lu, Environ. Sci.: Water Res. Technol., 2023, 9, 38 DOI: 10.1039/D2EW00628F

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