Issue 32, 2023

Antioxidant nanozymes in kidney injury: mechanism and application

Abstract

Excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the kidneys is involved in the pathogenesis of kidney diseases, such as acute kidney injury (AKI) and diabetic kidney disease (DKD), and is the main reason for the progression of kidney injury. ROS can easily lead to lipid peroxidation and damage the tubular epithelial cell membrane, proteins and DNA, and other molecules, which can trigger cellular oxidative stress. Effective scavenging of ROS can delay or halt the progression of kidney injury by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress. With the development of nanotechnology and an improved understanding of nanomaterials, more researchers are applying nanomaterials with antioxidant activity to treat kidney injury. This article reviews the detailed mechanism between ROS and kidney injury, as well as the applications of nanozymes with antioxidant effects based on different materials for various kidney injuries. To better guide the applications of antioxidant nanozymes in kidney injury and other inflammatory diseases, at the end of this review we also summarize the aspects of nanozymes that need to be improved. An in-depth understanding of the role played by ROS in the occurrence and progression of kidney injury and the mechanism by which antioxidant nanozymes reduce oxidative stress is conducive to improving the therapeutic effect in kidney injury and inflammation-related diseases.

Graphical abstract: Antioxidant nanozymes in kidney injury: mechanism and application

Article information

Article type
Review Article
Submitted
27 Apr. 2023
Accepted
14 Jūl. 2023
First published
21 Jūl. 2023

Nanoscale, 2023,15, 13148-13171

Antioxidant nanozymes in kidney injury: mechanism and application

J. Wu, H. Shang, A. Zhang, Y. He, Y. Tong, Q. Huang, X. Liu, Z. Chen and K. Tang, Nanoscale, 2023, 15, 13148 DOI: 10.1039/D3NR01954C

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