Issue 1, 2020

Synthesis of amino acids and peptides with bulky side chains via ligand-enabled carboxylate-directed γ-C(sp3)–H arylation

Abstract

Amino acids and peptides with bulky side chains are of significant importance in organic synthesis and modern medicinal chemistry. The efficient synthesis of these molecules with full enantiocontrol and high diversity remains challenging. Herein we report a Pd-catalyzed ligand-enabled γ-C(sp3)–H arylation of tert-leucine and its derived peptides without using an external directing group (DG) via a less favored six-membered palladacycle. Structurally diverse bulky side chain amino acids and peptides were accessed in a step-economic fashion and the reaction could be conducted on a gram scale with retention of chirality. The resulting amino acids can be used as chiral ligands in Co(III)-catalyzed enantioselective C(sp3)–H amidation. It is worth noting that the weakly coordinating carboxylate DG outcompetes the strongly coordinating bidentate DG of the peptide backbone, providing the products of γ-C(sp3)–H arylation of Tle residue exclusively. This protocol represents the first example of late stage C(sp3)–H functionalization of peptides using a weakly coordinating directing group.

Graphical abstract: Synthesis of amino acids and peptides with bulky side chains via ligand-enabled carboxylate-directed γ-C(sp3)–H arylation

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Edge Article
Submitted
05 Sept. 2019
Accepted
09 Nov. 2019
First published
11 Nov. 2019
This article is Open Access

All publication charges for this article have been paid for by the Royal Society of Chemistry
Creative Commons BY-NC license

Chem. Sci., 2020,11, 290-294

Synthesis of amino acids and peptides with bulky side chains via ligand-enabled carboxylate-directed γ-C(sp3)–H arylation

L. Liu, Y. Liu and B. Shi, Chem. Sci., 2020, 11, 290 DOI: 10.1039/C9SC04482E

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