Issue 14, 2019

Controlling nanoemulsion surface chemistry with poly(2-oxazoline) amphiphiles

Abstract

Emulsions are dynamic materials that have been extensively employed within pharmaceutical, food and cosmetic industries. However, their use beyond conventional applications has been hindered by difficulties in surface functionalization, and an inability to selectively control physicochemical properties. Here, we employ custom poly(2-oxazoline) block copolymers to overcome these limitations. We demonstrate that poly(2-oxazoline) copolymers can effectively stabilize nanoscale droplets of hydrocarbon and perfluorocarbon in water. The controlled living polymerization of poly(2-oxazoline)s allows for the incorporation of chemical handles into the surfactants such that covalent modification of the emulsion surface can be performed. Through post-emulsion modification of these new surfactants, we are able to access nanoemulsions with modified surface chemistries, yet consistent sizes. By decoupling size and surface charge, we explore structure–activity relationships involving the cellular uptake of nanoemulsions in both macrophage and non-macrophage cell lines. We conclude that the cellular uptake and cytotoxicity of poly(2-oxazoline)-stabilized droplets can be systematically tuned via chemical modification of emulsion surfaces.

Graphical abstract: Controlling nanoemulsion surface chemistry with poly(2-oxazoline) amphiphiles

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Edge Article
Submitted
21 Dec. 2018
Accepted
26 Febr. 2019
First published
27 Febr. 2019
This article is Open Access

All publication charges for this article have been paid for by the Royal Society of Chemistry
Creative Commons BY-NC license

Chem. Sci., 2019,10, 3994-4003

Controlling nanoemulsion surface chemistry with poly(2-oxazoline) amphiphiles

D. A. Estabrook, A. F. Ennis, R. A. Day and E. M. Sletten, Chem. Sci., 2019, 10, 3994 DOI: 10.1039/C8SC05735D

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