Issue 8, 2016

A clickable glutathione approach for identification of protein glutathionylation in response to glucose metabolism

Abstract

Glucose metabolism and mitochondrial function are closely interconnected with cellular redox-homeostasis. Although glucose starvation, which mimics ischemic conditions or insufficient vascularization, is known to perturb redox-homeostasis, global and individual protein glutathionylation in response to glucose metabolism or mitochondrial activity remains largely unknown. In this report, we use our clickable glutathione approach, which forms clickable glutathione (azido-glutathione) by using a mutant of glutathione synthetase (GS M4), for detection and identification of protein glutathionylation in response to glucose starvation. We found that protein glutathionylation is readily induced in HEK293 cells in response to low glucose concentrations when mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) are elevated in cells, and glucose is the major determinant for inducing reversible glutathionylation. Proteomic and biochemical analysis identified over 1300 proteins, including SMYD2, PP2Cα, and catalase. We further showed that PP2Cα is glutathionylated at C314 in a C-terminal domain, and PP2Cα C314 glutathionylation disrupts the interaction with mGluR3, an important glutamate receptor associated with synaptic plasticity.

Graphical abstract: A clickable glutathione approach for identification of protein glutathionylation in response to glucose metabolism

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
06 Marts 2016
Accepted
10 Maijs 2016
First published
10 Maijs 2016

Mol. BioSyst., 2016,12, 2471-2480

A clickable glutathione approach for identification of protein glutathionylation in response to glucose metabolism

K. T. G. Samarasinghe, D. N. P. Munkanatta Godage, Y. Zhou, F. T. Ndombera, E. Weerapana and Y. Ahn, Mol. BioSyst., 2016, 12, 2471 DOI: 10.1039/C6MB00175K

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