Issue 16, 2023

A conventional and chemometric analytical approach to solving urea determination with accuracy and precision

Abstract

Urea is an essential molecule usually detected using spectroscopy, particularly ultraviolet and visible spectroscopy (UV-vis). However, its detection represents a not always fully acknowledged issue. Its concentration dependency has raised questions about the reliability of the UV-vis results. Derivatization reactions, common alternatives to achieve accuracy and precision with UV-vis measurements, still represent an additional step in the measurement process. Besides the problems mentioned earlier, urea forms complex mixtures in aqueous mediums. Therefore, this work proposes to investigate the accuracy and precision of urea determination by UV-vis spectroscopy in the pure form and derivatized with para-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde. The results show that UV-vis spectroscopy could not quantify urea in both forms with precision and accuracy. On the other hand, when applying multivariate curve resolution with alternating least squares (MCR-ALS) to the UV-vis data, the pure urea analytical signal is mathematically separated. Then, those parameters of merit were successfully achieved.

Graphical abstract: A conventional and chemometric analytical approach to solving urea determination with accuracy and precision

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
16 Febr. 2023
Accepted
03 Apr. 2023
First published
03 Apr. 2023

Anal. Methods, 2023,15, 2016-2029

A conventional and chemometric analytical approach to solving urea determination with accuracy and precision

M. C. G. Pellá, A. R. Simão, P. Valderrama and A. F. Rubira, Anal. Methods, 2023, 15, 2016 DOI: 10.1039/D3AY00249G

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