Triplet quenching pathway control with molecular dyads enables the identification of a highly oxidizing annihilator class

Maria-Sophie Bertrams, Katharina Hermainski, Jean-Marc Mörsdorf, Joachim Ballmann and Christoph Kerzig

Chem. Sci., 2023, 14, 8583
DOI: 10.1039/D3SC01725G

Identifying efficiency-loss pathways in triplet–triplet annihilation upconversion systems

Abhishek Kalpattu, Daniel E. Falvey and John T. Fourkas

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2025, 27, 11000
DOI: 10.1039/D5CP00578G

Functionalized diketopyrrolopyrrole compounds for NIR-to-visible photon upconversion

Lukas Naimovičius, Edvinas Radiunas, Barbara Chatinovska, Augustina Jozeliūnaitė, Edvinas Orentas and Karolis Kazlauskas

J. Mater. Chem. C, 2023, 11, 698
DOI: 10.1039/D2TC03593F

The statistical probability factor in triplet mediated photon upconversion: a case study with perylene

Lukas Naimovičius, Edvinas Radiunas, Manvydas Dapkevičius, Pankaj Bharmoria, Kasper Moth-Poulsen and Karolis Kazlauskas

J. Mater. Chem. C, 2023, 11, 14826
DOI: 10.1039/D3TC03158F

Porous film impregnation method for record-efficiency visible-to-UV photon upconversion and subsolar light harvesting

Naoyuki Harada, Masanori Uji, Baljeet Singh, Nobuo Kimizuka and Nobuhiro Yanai

J. Mater. Chem. C, 2023, 11, 8002
DOI: 10.1039/D3TC00236E

Harnessing near-infrared lightviaS0to T1sensitizer excitation in a molecular photon upconversion solar cell

Drake Beery, Ashley Arcidiacono, Jonathan P. Wheeler, Jiaqi Chen and Kenneth Hanson

J. Mater. Chem. C, 2022, 10, 4947
DOI: 10.1039/D1TC05270E

A new green-to-blue upconversion system with efficient photoredox catalytic properties

Jorge Castellanos-Soriano, Till J. B. Zähringer, Jorge C. Herrera-Luna, M. Consuelo Jiménez, Christoph Kerzig and Raúl Pérez-Ruiz

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2023, 25, 12041
DOI: 10.1039/D3CP00811H

Challenges, progress and prospects in solid state triplet fusion upconversion

Jessica Alves, Jiale Feng, Lea Nienhaus and Timothy W. Schmidt

J. Mater. Chem. C, 2022, 10, 7783
DOI: 10.1039/D1TC05659J

Impact of steric effects on the statistical probability factor in triplet–triplet annihilation upconversion

Lukas Naimovičius, Simon K. Zhang and Andrew B. Pun

J. Mater. Chem. C, 2024, 12, 18374
DOI: 10.1039/D4TC03269A

Solvent-free temperature gradient melt formation of efficient visible-to-UV photon upconversion organic films with subsolar threshold and over 100 h photostability in air

Riku Enomoto and Yoichi Murakami

J. Mater. Chem. C, 2023, 11, 1678
DOI: 10.1039/D2TC04578H

Pushing the limit of triplet–triplet annihilation photon upconversion towards the UVC range

Till J. B. Zähringer, Corinna Heusel, Matthias Schmitz, Frank Glorius and Christoph Kerzig

Chem. Commun., 2025, 61, 9051
DOI: 10.1039/D5CC01834J

van der Waals solid solution crystals for highly efficient in-air photon upconversion under subsolar irradiance

Riku Enomoto, Megumi Hoshi, Hironaga Oyama, Hideki Agata, Shinichi Kurokawa, Hitoshi Kuma, Hidehiro Uekusa and Yoichi Murakami

Mater. Horiz., 2021, 8, 3449
DOI: 10.1039/D1MH01542G

Enhancing NIR-to-visible upconversion in a rigidly coupled tetracene dimer: approaching statistical limits for triplet–triplet annihilation using intramolecular multiexciton states

Alexander T. Gilligan, Raythe Owens, Ethan G. Miller, Nicholas F. Pompetti and Niels H. Damrauer

Chem. Sci., 2024, 15, 1283
DOI: 10.1039/D3SC04795D

Triplet properties and intersystem crossing mechanism of PtAg28 nanocluster sensitizers achieving low threshold and efficient photon upconversion

Masaaki Mitsui and Atsuki Uchida

Nanoscale, 2024, 16, 3053
DOI: 10.1039/D3NR05992H

Bis(phenylethynyl)benzenes enable stable visible-to-ultraviolet sensitized triplet–triplet annihilation upconversion

Davide Lardani, Alessandra Ronchi, Xueqian Hu, Angelo Monguzzi and Christoph Weder

J. Mater. Chem. C, 2025
DOI: 10.1039/D5TC02434J

Triplet–triplet annihilation photon upconversion from diphenylhexatriene and ring-substituted derivatives in solution

Toshiko Mizokuro, Kenji Kamada and Yoriko Sonoda

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2022, 24, 11520
DOI: 10.1039/D1CP04784A

CdSe nanocrystal sensitized photon upconverting film

Emily M. Rigsby, Tsumugi Miyashita, Dmitry A. Fishman, Sean T. Roberts and Ming L. Tang

RSC Adv., 2021, 11, 31042
DOI: 10.1039/D1RA06562A

Enhancing NIR-to-visible photon upconversion in cast solid by introducing bulky substituents in rubrene and by suppressing back energy transfer

Akane Sawa, Shota Shimada, Neeti Tripathi, Claire Heck, Hiroaki Tachibana, Emiko Koyama, Toshiko Mizokuro, Yasukazu Hirao, Takashi Kubo, Naoto Tamai, Daiki Kuzuhara, Hiroko Yamada and Kenji Kamada

J. Mater. Chem. C, 2023, 11, 8502
DOI: 10.1039/D3TC00853C

Tailoring sensitization properties and improving near-infrared photon upconversion performance through alloying in superatomic molecular Au25 nanoclusters

Masaaki Mitsui, Yuki Miyoshi and Daichi Arima

Nanoscale, 2024, 16, 14757
DOI: 10.1039/D4NR01948B

Extracting accurate information from triplet–triplet annihilation upconversion data with a mass-conserving kinetic model

Abhishek Kalpattu, Tristan Dilbeck, Kenneth Hanson and John T. Fourkas

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2022, 24, 28174
DOI: 10.1039/D2CP03986A

Triplet–triplet annihilation mediated photon upconversion solar energy systems

Lukas Naimovičius, Pankaj Bharmoria and Kasper Moth-Poulsen

Mater. Chem. Front., 2023, 7, 2297
DOI: 10.1039/D3QM00069A

Recent advances in materials for and applications of triplet–triplet annihilation-based upconversion

Sung Eun Seo, Hyun-Seok Choe, Haein Cho, Hyoung-il Kim, Jae-Hyuk Kim and Oh Seok Kwon

J. Mater. Chem. C, 2022, 10, 4483
DOI: 10.1039/D1TC03551G

Near-infrared-to-visible upconversion from 980 nm excitation band by binary solid of PbS quantum dot with directly attached emitter

Neeti Tripathi, Masanori Ando, Tomoko Akai and Kenji Kamada

J. Mater. Chem. C, 2022, 10, 4563
DOI: 10.1039/D1TC05058C

Purely organic Vis-to-UV upconversion with an excited annihilator singlet beyond 4 eV

Till J. B. Zähringer, Maria-Sophie Bertrams and Christoph Kerzig

J. Mater. Chem. C, 2022, 10, 4568
DOI: 10.1039/D1TC04782E

A Nonlinear Photochromic Reaction Based on Sensitizer‐Free Triplet–Triplet Annihilation in a Perylene‐Substituted Rhodamine Spirolactam

Genki Kawai, Yuki Nagai, Kanna Tsuji, Yoshinori Okayasu, Jiro Abe and Yoichi Kobayashi

Angewandte Chemie, 2024, 136
DOI: 10.1002/ange.202404140

Efficient NIR-to-Visible Upconversion of Surface-Modified PbS Quantum Dots for Photovoltaic Devices

Neeti Tripathi, Masanori Ando, Tomoko Akai and Kenji Kamada

ACS Appl. Nano Mater., 2021, 4, 9680
DOI: 10.1021/acsanm.1c02059

Blue‐to‐UVB Upconversion, Solvent Sensitization and Challenging Bond Activation Enabled by a Benzene‐Based Annihilator

Till J. B. Zähringer, Julian A. Moghtader, Maria‐Sophie Bertrams, Bibhisan Roy, Masanori Uji, Nobuhiro Yanai and Christoph Kerzig

Angew Chem Int Ed, 2023, 62
DOI: 10.1002/anie.202215340

Tetracene Dimers: A Platform for Intramolecular Down- and Up-conversion

Yifan Bo, Yuxuan Hou, Dominik Thiel, René Weiß, Timothy Clark, Michael J. Ferguson, Rik R. Tykwinski and Dirk M. Guldi

J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2023, 145, 18260
DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c02417

High‐Performance Deep‐Blue OLEDs Harnessing Triplet–Triplet Annihilation Under Low Dopant Concentration

Chia-Hsun Chen, Yung-Shin Li, Shao-Cheng Fang, Bo-Yen Lin, Che-Yu Li, Yu-Chan Liao, Deng-Gao Chen, Yi-Ru Chen, Yu-Cheng Kung, Chi-Chi Wu, Yulin Lin, Wen-Yi Hung, Tien-Lung Chiu, Chi-Feng Lin, Elise Y. Li, Tzung-Fang Guo, Jiun-Haw Lee, Ken-Tsung Wong and Pi-Tai Chou

Advanced Photonics Research, 2023, 4
DOI: 10.1002/adpr.202200204

Triplet–Triplet Annihilation via the Triplet Channel in Crystalline 9,10-Diphenylanthracene

Tomoaki Yago, Manami Tashiro, Kiichi Hasegawa, Masao Gohdo, Syuta Tsuchiya, Tadaaki Ikoma and Masanobu Wakasa

J. Phys. Chem. Lett., 2022, 13, 8768
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c01839

Solution to the Host–Guest Compatibility Problem of Solid Triplet–Triplet Annihilation Photon Upconversion by a Molecular-Anchor Sensitizer Approach

Risa Fukuuchi, Yuto Toyoshima, Takumi Yoshinami, Neeti Tripathi, Claire Heck, Kenji Kobayashi and Kenji Kamada

J. Phys. Chem. C, 2024, 128, 2604
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.3c06608

Amplifying Magnetic Field Effects on Upconversion Emission via Molecular Qubit-Driven Triplet–Triplet Annihilation

Neo Lin and Tomoyasu Mani

J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2025, 147, 7187
DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c16922

Water-Dispersible and Biocompatible Polymer-Based Organic Upconversion Nanoparticles for Transdermal Delivery

Hye Eun Choi, Jeong-Min Park, Woo Yeup Jeong, Su Bin Lee, Jae-Hyuk Kim and Ki Su Kim

Biomater Res, 2024, 28
DOI: 10.34133/bmr.0106

Putting the “P” Back in Delayed Fluorescence – Silylethynyl Substitution Generates Efficient Pyrene Annihilators for Red‐to‐Blue Photon Upconversion

Jussi Isokuortti, Connor J. O'Dea, Seth R. Allen, Serhii Vasylevskyi, Zachariah A. Page and Sean T. Roberts

Advanced Optical Materials, 2025, 13
DOI: 10.1002/adom.202500388

Recent Advances in Understanding Triplet States in Metal Nanoclusters: Their Formation, Energy Transfer, and Applications in Photon Upconversion

Masaaki Mitsui

J. Phys. Chem. Lett., 2024, 15, 12257
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c03003

A General Formalism of Excitation-Dependent Luminescence Properties in Triplet–Triplet Annihilation Systems

Wenwan Zeng, Yincheng Zhang, Hao Chen, Hui Huang and Qian Peng

J. Chem. Theory Comput., 2025, 21, 3092
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.4c01712

Excitation-Dependent K+ Sensing by Combining Photoinduced Electron Transfer and Triplet–Triplet Annihilation

Hannah Tideland, Andrew J. Carrod, Yuanxin Liang and Karl Börjesson

J. Phys. Chem. A, 2025, 129, 5326
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5c02938

High-Efficiency Near-Infrared-to-Visible Photon Upconversion in Poly(vinyl alcohol) Porous Film

Takeshi Mori, Tomohiro Mori, Akane Saito, Tsuyoshi Masuda, Hitoshi Saomoto, Mami Hagihara and Shoichi Matsuda

ACS Macro Lett., 2023, 12, 523
DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.3c00008

Thermally modulated triplet–triplet annihilation: Deciphering the temperature dependence of upconversion dynamics

Jinsong Shao, Yiwei Zhang, Haoran Liu, Doudou Duan, Zhongfa Sun, Zhou Lu, Yaxiong Wei and Xinsheng Xu

The Journal of Chemical Physics, 2025, 163
DOI: 10.1063/5.0277862

Optimizing Upconversion Quantum Yield via Structural Tuning of Dipyrrolonaphthyridinedione Annihilators

Alexandra J. Lyons, Lukas Naimovičius, Simon K. Zhang and Andrew B. Pun

Angew Chem Int Ed, 2024
DOI: 10.1002/anie.202411003

From photons to reactions: key concepts in photoredox catalysis

Simon De Kreijger, Felix Glaser and Ludovic Troian-Gautier

Chem Catalysis, 2024, 4, 101110
DOI: 10.1016/j.checat.2024.101110

Enhanced Near-Infrared-to-Visible Upconversion by a Singlet Sink Approach in a Quantum-Dot-Sensitized Triplet–Triplet Annihilation System

Neeti Tripathi and Kenji Kamada

ACS Appl. Nano Mater., 2024, 7, 2950
DOI: 10.1021/acsanm.3c05260

Involvement of lncRNA MIR205HG in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and IL-33 regulation via Alu elements

Tsuyoshi Takashima, Chao Zeng, Eitaro Murakami, Naoko Fujiwara, Masaharu Kohara, Hideki Nagata, Zhaozu Feng, Ayako Sugai, Yasue Harada, Rika Ichijo, Daisuke Okuzaki, Satoshi Nojima, Takahiro Matsui, Yasushi Shintani, Gota Kawai, Michiaki Hamada, Tetsuro Hirose, Kazuhiko Nakatani and Eiichi Morii

JCI Insight, 2025, 10
DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.187172

Optimizing Upconversion Quantum Yield via Structural Tuning of Dipyrrolonaphthyridinedione Annihilators

Alexandra J. Lyons, Lukas Naimovičius, Simon K. Zhang and Andrew B. Pun

Angewandte Chemie, 2024, 136
DOI: 10.1002/ange.202411003

Water-Stable Upconverting Coordination Polymer Nanoparticles for Transparent Films and Anticounterfeiting Patterns with Air-Stable Upconversion

Junda Zhang, Daniel Ruiz-Molina, Fernando Novio and Claudio Roscini

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2023, 15, 8377
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c16354

Diphenylanthracene-based amorphous molecular fluorophores for triplet–triplet annihilation upconversion system

Shungo Naemura, Ryoma Matsui, Ikumi Matsumoto, Toshifumi Iimori and Hideyuki Nakano

Chemistry Letters, 2024, 53
DOI: 10.1093/chemle/upae065

Recent advances and applications of ionic liquids-based photonic materials

Manas Mahato, Yoichi Murakami and Sudhir Kumar Das

Applied Materials Today, 2023, 32, 101808
DOI: 10.1016/j.apmt.2023.101808

Sensitized triplet-triplet annihilation-based photon upconversion: Assembly strategy and key consideration for sustainable energy and biomedical applications

Prashanth Venkatesan, Preeti Pal, Siew Suan Ng, Jui-Yen Lin and Ruey-An Doong

Coordination Chemistry Reviews, 2025, 523, 216266
DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2024.216266

Identifying Key Physical Properties of Simple Organic Drop Cast Films that give Visible to Ultraviolet Light Up‐Conversion

Francesco Lodola, Hector Miranda‐Salinas, Suman Kuila, Andrew Danos and Andrew P. Monkman

ChemPhotoChem, 2025, 9
DOI: 10.1002/cptc.202400341

Stable and low-threshold photon upconversion in nondegassed water by organic crystals

Yoichi Murakami and Riku Enomoto

Front. Chem., 2023, 11
DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1217260

Asymmetric BODIPY Dyes Enabling Triplet–Triplet Annihilation Upconversion

Daniel Álvarez-Gutiérrez, Diego Sampedro, M. Consuelo Jiménez and Raúl Pérez-Ruiz

ACS Appl. Opt. Mater., 2024, 2, 1780
DOI: 10.1021/acsaom.4c00285

Unfiltered Broadband Probes Can Obscure Long Time Dynamics in Populations Engaged in Second-Order Processes Including Annihilation

Raythe Owens and Niels H Damrauer

J. Phys. Chem. Lett., 2025, 16, 2522
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.5c00197

Photochemical Upconversion

Jiale Feng, Jessica Alves, Damon M. de Clercq and Timothy W. Schmidt

Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem., 2023, 74, 145
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physchem-092722-104952

Sensitized triplet–triplet annihilation based photon upconversion in full organic and hybrid multicomponent systems

Alessandra Ronchi and Angelo Monguzzi

Chemical Physics Reviews, 2022, 3
DOI: 10.1063/5.0112032

Absorption bandwidth broadening of photon upconversion solid-solution organic crystals by co-dissolution of multiple sensitizers

Riku Enomoto and Yoichi Murakami

Appl. Phys. Express, 2023, 16, 092001
DOI: 10.35848/1882-0786/acf6a7

Recent advances in triplet-state materials: A perspective towards bioimaging and biosensing

Navid Rabiee, Hossein Daneshgar, Payam Arghavani, Mohammad Edrisi, Mohammad Rabiee, Mohammad Akrami-Hasan-Kohal and Sidi A. Bencherif

Coordination Chemistry Reviews, 2026, 548, 217160
DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2025.217160

Aufwärtskonversion von blauem Licht zu UVB‐Strahlung, Lösungsmittelsensibilisierung und anspruchsvolle Bindungsaktivierungen durch einen Benzol‐Annihilator

Till J. B. Zähringer, Julian A. Moghtader, Maria‐Sophie Bertrams, Bibhisan Roy, Masanori Uji, Nobuhiro Yanai and Christoph Kerzig

Angewandte Chemie, 2023, 135
DOI: 10.1002/ange.202215340

Photon upconversion crystals doped bacterial cellulose composite films as recyclable photonic bioplastics

Pankaj Bharmoria, Lukas Naimovičius, Deyaa Abol-Fotouh, Mila Miroshnichenko, Justas Lekavičius, Gabriele De Luca, Umair Saeed, Karolis Kazlauskas, Nicolas Candau, Paulius Baronas, Anna Roig and Kasper Moth-Poulsen

Commun Mater, 2024, 5
DOI: 10.1038/s43246-024-00638-6

Improvement in the upconversion efficiency of an alternating multilayer structure based on 9,10-bis(4-methylphenyl) anthracene and platinum octaethylporphyrin vacuum deposited on an in-plane oriented polythiophene film

Toshiko Mizokuro, Yoshihiro Kikkawa, Hirokazu Ohsawa, Kenji Kobayashi and Kenji Kamada

Thin Solid Films, 2024, 791, 140228
DOI: 10.1016/j.tsf.2024.140228

Best practice in determining key photophysical parameters in triplet–triplet annihilation photon upconversion

Fredrik Edhborg, Axel Olesund and Bo Albinsson

Photochem Photobiol Sci, 2022, 21, 1143
DOI: 10.1007/s43630-022-00219-x

A Nonlinear Photochromic Reaction Based on Sensitizer‐Free Triplet–Triplet Annihilation in a Perylene‐Substituted Rhodamine Spirolactam

Genki Kawai, Yuki Nagai, Kanna Tsuji, Yoshinori Okayasu, Jiro Abe and Yoichi Kobayashi

Angew Chem Int Ed, 2024, 63
DOI: 10.1002/anie.202404140

Harnessing metal cluster sensitizers for triplet–triplet annihilation photon upconversion: Strategies for performance enhancement

Yoshiki Niihori and Masaaki Mitsui

Chemical Physics Reviews, 2025, 6
DOI: 10.1063/5.0273181

Near UV photon upconversion in cast solid with quantum dot

Kenta Sawaguchi, Kazuki Inada, Daichi Eguchi, Kenji Kamada and Naoto Tamai

Chemistry Letters, 2024, 53
DOI: 10.1093/chemle/upae137

CN‐Tuning: A Pathway to Suppress Singlet Fission and Amplify Triplet‐Triplet Annihilation Upconversion in Rubrene

Edvinas Radiunas, Lukas Naimovičius, Paulius Baronas, Augustina Jozeliūnaitė, Edvinas Orentas and Karolis Kazlauskas

Advanced Optical Materials, 2025, 13
DOI: 10.1002/adom.202403032

Impact of Spontaneous Orientational Polarization on Triplet–Triplet Upconversion-Based Blue Organic Light-Emitting Diodes

Shunta Kakumachi, Hajime Nakanotani, Yuto Nagasaki and Chihaya Adachi

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2024, 16, 31392
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c02821