Issue 45, 2023

Engineering the glioblastoma microenvironment with bioactive nanoparticles for effective immunotherapy

Abstract

While immunotherapies have revolutionized treatment for other cancers, glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) patients have not shown similar positive responses. The limited response to immunotherapies is partly due to the unique challenges associated with the GBM tumor microenvironment (TME), which promotes resistance to immunotherapies, causing many promising therapies to fail. There is, therefore, an urgent need to develop strategies that make the TME immune permissive to promote treatment efficacy. Bioactive nano-delivery systems, in which the nanoparticle, due to its chemical composition, provides the pharmacological function, have recently emerged as an encouraging option for enhancing the efficacy of immunotherapeutics. These systems are designed to overcome immunosuppressive mechanisms in the TME to improve the efficacy of a therapy. This review will discuss different aspects of the TME and how they impede therapy success. Then, we will summarize recent developments in TME-modifying nanotherapeutics and the in vitro models utilized to facilitate these advances.

Graphical abstract: Engineering the glioblastoma microenvironment with bioactive nanoparticles for effective immunotherapy

Article information

Article type
Review Article
Submitted
20 Feb 2023
Accepted
27 Sep 2023
First published
27 Okt 2023
This article is Open Access
Creative Commons BY license

RSC Adv., 2023,13, 31411-31425

Engineering the glioblastoma microenvironment with bioactive nanoparticles for effective immunotherapy

R. Blanchard and I. Adjei, RSC Adv., 2023, 13, 31411 DOI: 10.1039/D3RA01153D

This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Licence. You can use material from this article in other publications without requesting further permissions from the RSC, provided that the correct acknowledgement is given.

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