Effect of surfactant concentration on the evaporation-driven deposition of carbon nanotubes: from coffee-ring effect to strain sensing

Mohammad Jalal Inanlu, Jafar Farhadi, Ehsan Ansari, Saina Charkas and Vahid Bazargan

RSC Adv., 2022, 12, 31688
DOI: 10.1039/D2RA03833A

A carbon nanotube-based textile pressure sensor with high-temperature resistance

Yankun Chen, Xue Yan, Yanlong Zhu, Meng Cui, Lei Kong, Minxuan Kuang, Xiuqin Zhang and Rui Wang

RSC Adv., 2022, 12, 23091
DOI: 10.1039/D2RA04036K

Piezoresistivity and strain-sensing behaviour of poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)/multiwalled carbon nanotube nanocomposites

Kedar Nath Dhakal, Ralf Lach, Wolfgang Grellmann, Beate Krause, Jürgen Pionteck and Rameshwar Adhikari

RSC Adv., 2024, 14, 35715
DOI: 10.1039/D4RA04826A

Flexible strain sensors based on silver nanowires and UV-curable acrylate elastomers for wrist movement monitoring

Shuhao Li, Wenjin Wu, Yu Chang, Weiquan Chen, Yijie Liu, Zifeng He, Yan Pu, Ivan S. Babichuk, Terry Tao Ye, Zhaoli Gao and Jian Yang

RSC Appl. Interfaces, 2024, 1, 684
DOI: 10.1039/D4LF00081A

Development of a face mask attachable wireless piezoresistive nanocomposite sensor for monitoring respiratory health

D. B. Niranjan, Mathew Peter, Jeevan Medikonda and Pramod Kesavan Namboothiri

Mater. Adv., 2025, 6, 3929
DOI: 10.1039/D4MA01258E

Flexible, recyclable and sensitive piezoresistive sensors enabled by lignin polyurethane-based conductive foam

Fan Wang, Xiaozhen Ma, Jialong Wu, Yeyan Chao, Peng Xiao, Jin Zhu and Jing Chen

Mater. Adv., 2023, 4, 586
DOI: 10.1039/D2MA00960A

Natural rubber-based nanocomposites for strain and pressure sensing in healthcare applications

Supakorn Suwanphiphat, Jia-Yu Yang, Cheng-Hsin Chuang, Veerapat Kitsawat, Saranrat Siri, Po-Kuan Li, Cheng-Ying Li, Saranvignesh Alagarsamy, Muenduen Phisalaphong and Ying-Chih Liao

Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, 2026, 106762
DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2026.106762

Articular neural bioelectronics by decoupling mechanical strain from electron transport

Tong Li, Fei Jin, Lisha Hua, Juan Ma, Fuyi Wang, Zhidong Wei, Ting Wang, Steven Wang and Zhang-Qi Feng

Sci. Adv., 2025, 11
DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aea3345

An eco-friendly and highly sensitive loofah@CF/CNT 3D piezoresistive sensor for human activity monitoring and mechanical cotrol

Jie Zhu, YongTao Song, XiaoFei Xue, ZhiLong Liu, QingYuan Mao and ZhenHua Jia

Sci. China Technol. Sci., 2022, 65, 2667
DOI: 10.1007/s11431-022-2204-2

Effect of Infill Density on Electrical Sensitivity of 3D-Printed Flexible Pressure Sensors Using Ultrasonication Cavitation-Enabled Treatment and Thermal-Assisted Method

Siriporn Wu, Chuanchom Aumnate, Pranut Potiyaraj and Patrapee Kungsadalpipob

KEM, 2024, 1006, 3
DOI: 10.4028/p-EQGxj8

A tough conductive hydrogel with triple physical cross-linking, pH-Responsive swelling behaviors, and excellent strain sensitivity

Xiongfei Wu, Qianyu Yang, Xuemei Zhang, Chihui Tsou, Manuel Reyes De Guzman, Xinyue Li, Li Yuan, Yiqing Xia, Yuping Sheng, Qianlong Li and Chen Gao

Polymer, 2023, 273, 125887
DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2023.125887

Highly Sensitive Capacitive Low-Pressure Graphene Porous Foam Sensors

Lekshmi A. Kurup, Joshua N. Arthur and Soniya D. Yambem

ACS Appl. Electron. Mater., 2022, 4, 3962
DOI: 10.1021/acsaelm.2c00616

Flexible Piezoresistive Polystyrene Composite Sensors Filled with Hollow 3D Graphitic Shells

Nataliia Guzenko, Marcin Godzierz, Klaudia Kurtyka, Anna Hercog, Klaudia Nocoń-Szmajda, Anna Gawron, Urszula Szeluga, Barbara Trzebicka, Ruizhi Yang and Mark H. Rümmeli

Polymers, 2023, 15, 4674
DOI: 10.3390/polym15244674

Multifunctional bending sensor based on PLA hierarchical porosity: smart wearable device with wide range response, self-powered capability and biodegradable

Jun Hou, Danqing Zhang, Qi Ran, Geran Yin, Manlin Wang, Wenhao Yang, Hua Wang, Yi Xiong, Xin Liu, Heng Pan, Liangjun Xia and Weilin Xu

Chemical Engineering Journal, 2025, 522, 166925
DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2025.166925

AgNP-MWCNT nanocomposites for flexible strain sensors: Comprehensive insights into green synthesis, advanced fabrication technologies, and emerging applications

Aamir Khan, Peerawat Prathumrat, Chutiwat Likitaporn, Tawan Wongsalam, Nattapon Tanalue, Nichakan Nichakornpong and Manunya Okhawilai

Synthetic Metals, 2026, 316, 118003
DOI: 10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.118003

Incorporating Nanoparticles in Porous Foam Templating for Enhanced Sensitivity of Capacitive Pressure Sensors

Lekshmi A. Kurup, Joshua N. Arthur, Cameron M. Cole, Sinduja Suresh, Jana Timm, Roland Marschall and Soniya D. Yambem

Advanced Sensor Research, 2024, 3
DOI: 10.1002/adsr.202300149

Flexible and High-Strength Porous Graphene/Polyurea Composite Film for Multifunctional Applications

Xu Cui, Mengying Guo, Sensen Han, Shuangshan Li, Yin Yu, Yanxi Zhang and Qingshi Meng

Coatings, 2024, 14, 1098
DOI: 10.3390/coatings14091098

Multi-scale modeling of flexible piezoresistive porous sensors

Qing Ma, Ding-Yi Xiao and Yu-Xin Xie

European Journal of Mechanics - A/Solids, 2025, 112, 105651
DOI: 10.1016/j.euromechsol.2025.105651

Fireproof Nanocomposite Polyurethane Foams: A Review

Kirill Cherednichenko, Dmitry Kopitsyn, Egor Smirnov, Nikita Nikolaev and Rawil Fakhrullin

Polymers, 2023, 15, 2314
DOI: 10.3390/polym15102314

Polymer Composites with Nanomaterials for Strain Gauging: A Review

Aleksei V. Shchegolkov, Alexandr V. Shchegolkov, Vladimir V. Kaminskii and Maxim A. Chumak

J. Compos. Sci., 2025, 9, 8
DOI: 10.3390/jcs9010008

Recent Advances in Flexible Foam Pressure Sensors: Manufacturing, Characterization, and Applications – a Review

Mohammed Nabeel, Mohanad Mousa, Béla Viskolcz, Béla Fiser and László Vanyorek

Polymer Reviews, 2024, 64, 449
DOI: 10.1080/15583724.2023.2262558

Research Progress and Application of Multimodal Flexible Sensors for Electronic Skin

Yin He, Xiaoxuan Xu, Shuang Xiao, Junxian Wu, Peng Zhou, Li Chen and Hao Liu

ACS Sens., 2024, 9, 2275
DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c00307

A review of flexible strain sensors for walking gait monitoring

Lei Shi, Junping Feng, Yuting Zhu, Fei Huang and Kean Aw

Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, 2024, 377, 115730
DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2024.115730

Construction of MXene/MOFs nano-coatings on PU sponge with enhanced interfacial interaction and fire resistance towards efficient removal of liquid hazardous chemicals

Guojun Deng, Mengnan Sun, Yongqian Shi, Yuezhan Feng, Yuancai Lv, Longcheng Tang, Jiefeng Gao and Pingan Song

Journal of Cleaner Production, 2023, 403, 136887
DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.136887

Hybrid Piezo-Capacitive Multimodal Sensors Based on Polyurethane–Poly(vinylidene fluoride) Nanofibers for Wearable E-Textiles

Gurneet Kaur, Jagan Singh Meena, Manjeet Jassal and Ashwini K. Agrawal

ACS Appl. Electron. Mater., 2023, 5, 3298
DOI: 10.1021/acsaelm.3c00346

Flexible Three-Dimensional Stress Sensor for Embedded Monitoring of Solid Rocket Propellant

Yaoguang Shi, Xiaozhou Lü, Kai Ren and Wensong Zhu

Micromachines, 2025, 17, 57
DOI: 10.3390/mi17010057

Ultrawide-Range Wearable Pressure Sensors for High-Load Prosthetic Interfaces

Tianhao Yu, Axel González Cornejo, Ziheng Wang, Junsang Lee, Taewoong Park, Sbeydi Ponce Duarte, Seokkyoon Hong, Edgar Bolívar-Nieto and Chi Hwan Lee

ACS Nano, 2026, 20, 1410
DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5c18106

Wearable Flexible Pressure Sensor Based on Nitrogen-Functionalized CNT in Melamine Foam for Human Motion Monitoring

R. Srinivasan, J. Lavanya and A. Ravi Sankar

IEEE Access, 2024, 12, 194566
DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3518601

Flexible and Stretchable Pressure Sensors: From Basic Principles to State-of-the-Art Applications

Thara Seesaard and Chatchawal Wongchoosuk

Micromachines, 2023, 14, 1638
DOI: 10.3390/mi14081638

Pretreated cellulose fiber for enhancing fire resistance of flexible polyurethane foam composites with reinforced properties

Jun Liang, Tongxin Zhou, Yingjuan Fu, Guoyu Tian, Yongchao Zhang and Zhaojiang Wang

Industrial Crops and Products, 2023, 205, 117429
DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2023.117429

Hierarchical Ridge Structure Inspired by Bamboo Enables Sensitive and Wide‐Range Flexible Piezoresistive Sensing

Haolin Zhang, Jianhao Dong, Zhilai Lu and Farid A. Hammad

ChemNanoMat, 2026, 12
DOI: 10.1002/cnma.202500545

Piezoresistive materials based on natural polymers for medical device applications

E. Pimentel, P. Costa, J. Vilaça, C.M. Costa, S. Lanceros-Méndez and D. Miranda

Reactive and Functional Polymers, 2025, 217, 106502
DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106502

Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene in Polymer Composites for Strain Sensors: Synthesis, Functionalization, and Application

Aleksei V. Shchegolkov, Alexandr V. Shchegolkov and Vladimir V. Kaminskii

J. Compos. Sci., 2026, 10, 43
DOI: 10.3390/jcs10010043

Stress‐Induced Dielectric Response of Graphene Nanoplatelets Loaded Ultra‐Lightweight, Flexible Polyurethane Foam for Pressure‐Based Sensing Application

S. J. Balakumaran and Mohammed Rehaan Chandan

Polymers for Advanced Techs, 2025, 36
DOI: 10.1002/pat.70442

Cutting-Edge Perovskite-Based Flexible Pressure Sensors Made Possible by Piezoelectric Innovation

Adeela Naz, Yuan Meng, Jingjing Luo, Imtiaz Ahmad Khan, Rimsha Abbas, Suzhu Yu and Jun Wei

Materials, 2024, 17, 4196
DOI: 10.3390/ma17174196

Development and application of flexible piezoresistive sensors based on synergistic effect of CB and MWCNTs

Hui Ji, Linfeng Huo, Songlin Nie, Ruidong Hong, Pengwang Gao, Xufeng Zhang and Fanglong Yin

Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, 2025, 382, 116180
DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2024.116180

Effects of carbon nanotubes on the AC conductivity, permittivity, and electromagnetic shielding performance of polyurethane foams in the 15 Hz–26.5 GHz frequency range

Ahmad Mamoun Khamis, Laetitia Urbanczyk, Christophe Detrembleur and Isabelle Huynen

J Mater Sci: Mater Electron, 2025, 36
DOI: 10.1007/s10854-025-15900-x

Synergistic effect of carbon nanotubes and carbon black as nanofillers of silicone rubber pressure sensors

Mohammed Nabeel, László Kuzsella, Béla Viskolcz, Mariann Kollar, Béla Fiser and László Vanyorek

Arabian Journal of Chemistry, 2023, 16, 104594
DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2023.104594

Optimising polyurethane/CNTs piezoresistive pressure sensors by varying the modulus of the polymer matrix

Sara Naderizadeh, Giovanni Santagiuliana, Afni Restasari, Wei Tu, Emiliano Bilotti and James JC. Busfield

Composites Science and Technology, 2024, 252, 110614
DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2024.110614

Pneumatic Bellow Actuator with Embedded Sensor Using Conductive Carbon Grease

David Moreno, Diana Narvaez and Brittany Newell

Sensors, 2024, 24, 5403
DOI: 10.3390/s24165403

Planetary centrifugal mixing for robust, ultrahighly sensitive sensors with positive piezoresistive effect across an exceptionally broad pressure range based on polyurethane/carbon black composite foam

Shurong Guo, Xiaoxia Cai, Cong Li, Jinshui Yao, Zhongjian Tian, Qiang Wang, Shengyuan Tan, Xian Zhang, Yanshao Liu and Fengshan Zhang

Chemical Engineering Journal, 2024, 483, 149354
DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2024.149354

Microstructured carbon black/CNT/epoxy nanocomposite sensor with high sensitivity yet wide detection range

Shiwei Liu, Mingyang Chen, Qian Cheng, Pei Huang, Yuanqing Li, Yaqin Fu and Shaoyun Fu

Nano Materials Science, 2025
DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoms.2025.05.001

Additive Manufacturing of Foam Pressure Sensors with Controlled Conductivity, Stiffness, and Shape

Guanxing Kuang, Olivier Nguon, Prasansha Rastogi, Mohammad Mehrali, Johan Evert ten Elshof, Wilko Rohlfs and Claas Willem Visser

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2025, 17, 69983
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5c18168

Bionic Microstructure‐Inspired Dual‐Mode Flexible Sensor with Photothermal Effect for Ultrasensitive Temperature and Strain Monitoring

Xiaohui Guo, Yongzheng Niu, Zhihao Yin, Di Wang, Long Liu, Yongming Tang, Xianghui Li, Yifang Zhang, Yu Li, Tianxu Zhang, Xiaowen Zhu, Yiman Xu, Ziwen Zhang, Siwen Ding, Dandan Wang, Bing Yang, Zhihong Mai, Weiqiang Hong, Wenrui Xu, Qi Hong, Yunong Zhao, Feng Yan, Ming Wang and Guozhong Xing

Adv Materials Technologies, 2024, 9
DOI: 10.1002/admt.202400701

Enhanced Piezoresistive Cryogel: MWCNT Nanocomposite-Based Wearable Sensors for Real-Time Human Gait and Exercise Monitoring

Niranjan Deggenahalli Basavaraju, Vaidehi Basavakumar Roopa, Mathew Peter, Jeevan Medikonda, Saumya Bansal and Pramod Kesavan Namboothiri

ACS Omega, 2025, 10, 4940
DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c10391

Carbon nanotubes/polydopamine-enhanced polyurethane composites and the application in piezoresistive sensor for human body monitoring

Ziyan Shu, Chengcheng Peng, Xinjiang Zhang, Cailiu Yin and Houjin Liu

Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, 2026, 397, 117257
DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2025.117257

A Flexible Piezoresistive Sensor Based on ZnO/MWCNTs/PDMS Composite Foam with Overall Performance Trade-Offs

Jun Zheng, Wenting Xu, Wen Ding, Yalong Li, Binyou Xie, Jinhui Xu, Kang Li, Liang Chen, Yan Fan and Songwei Zeng

Sensors, 2026, 26, 1724
DOI: 10.3390/s26051724

Skin‐Inspired Hierarchical Structure Sensor for Ultrafast Active Human–Robot Interaction

Junhao Shen, Yixin Guo, Tianyu Fu, Shengping Yao, Jun Zhou, Dongfeng Wang, Hengchang Bi, Shaohua Zuo, Xing Wu, Fuwen Shi, Jinchun Jiang and Junhao Chu

Adv Materials Technologies, 2023, 8
DOI: 10.1002/admt.202202008