A fluorine-rich and flame-retardant gel polymer electrolyte enables thermal polymerization of fluorinated acrylates for stable quasi-solid-state Na-ion batteries

Abstract

Thermal polymerization of fluorinated acrylates yields a fluorine-rich, flame-retardant gel polymer electrolyte with high ionic conductivity and robustness. Beyond enhancing cell safety, it promotes the formation of inorganic-rich electrolyte interphases, enabling reliable quasi-solid-state sodium-ion batteries with superior energy density and cycling stability.