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Enzyme Fueled Dissipative Self‐assembly of Guanine Functionalized Molecules and Their Cellular Behaviour
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Biomimetic Coacervates Protocells for Dual Delivery Pathways and Apoptosis/Pyroptosis Based Drug‐Free Therapeutics
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Enantiopurity‐Dependent Peptide Coacervates and Asymmetric Organocatalysis
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Enhancing Targeted Delivery of Pesticide on Superhydrophobic Wheat Leaves by Bioinspired Supramolecular Coacervates
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Minimal Designer Peptides for Dynamic Homotypic Coacervate‐Based Protocell Models
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Thermo-responsive aqueous two-phase system for two-level compartmentalization
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Light-fuelled growth dynamics and structural transition of synthetic protocells
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Dynamical Behaviors of Oscillating Metallosurfactant Coacervate Microdroplets under Redox Stress
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Why and How to Investigate Biological Materials Processing: A Cross-Disciplinary Approach for Inspiring Sustainable Materials Fabrication
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Instructing Liquid‐Liquid Phase Separation Inside Membranous Protocells
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Spatiotemporal control of signal-driven enzymatic reaction in artificial cell-like polymersomes
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The Kinetic Pathways for the Formation of Complex Coacervate Micelles of Antimicrobial Peptides and Block Copolymers
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Glucose-Driven Droplet Formation in Complexes of a Supramolecular Peptide and Therapeutic Protein
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Supramolecular Self-Assembly of Polyaniline Embedded Enzyme-Mimicking GMP-Condensate Hydrogel for Electrochromic Energy Storage Applications
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Design, Synthesis and Biomedical Applications of 18F Nanoprobes: A Comprehensive Review
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Suppression of sensory bitterness of beverages via nanoscale complex coacervation
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Sequence‐Modulated Active Tripeptide Condensates for Tandem Catalysis
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Alteration in the Sensitivity of Firefly Bioluminescence to pH Driven by Molecular Recruitment to Coacervate Droplets
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Co-delivery of EGCG and melittin with self-assembled fluoro-nanoparticles for enhanced cancer therapy
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Multiresponsive Nanoscale Self-Assembly of Azurin-Elastin-like Polypeptide Fusion Protein for Enhanced Prostate Cancer Therapy
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Membrane‐Bound Inward‐Growth of Artificial Cytoskeletons and Their Selective Disassembly
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Regulation of Chemical Transformation in Designer Peptide Biomolecular Condensates
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Tuning mechanical softness as a design principle in drug delivery: A biomechanical perspective
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Selective amide bond formation in redox-active coacervate protocells
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Building micro-capsules using water-in-water emulsion droplets as templates
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Adaptive ATP-induced molecular condensation in membranized protocells
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Emergent Chemical Reactivity and Complexity of RNA Condensates
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Light-triggered coacervation of low-molecular-weight amphiphiles for tunable chemical reactivity
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Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan, 2025, 98
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Selective peptide bond formation via side chain reactivity and self-assembly of abiotic phosphates
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Photo‐Responsive Phase‐Separating Fluorescent Molecules for Intracellular Protein Delivery
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Coacervate Droplets Drive Organocatalyzed Aqueous C–C Bond Formation via Interfacial Activation
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Investigating coacervates as drug carriers using molecular dynamics
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Tuning Protein Uptake through Charge and Hydrophobicity in Peptide-Based Complex Coacervates
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Quick photofabrication of functional nanospheres from de novo designed peptides for NIR fluorescence and MR imaging
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Engineering pH‐Responsive, Self‐Healing Vesicle‐Type Artificial Tissues with Higher‐Order Cooperative Functionalities
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Small, 2024, 20
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Peptides for Liquid‐Liquid Phase Separation: An Emerging Biomaterial
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Compartmentalized Aqueous-in-Aqueous Droplets for Flow Biocatalysis
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ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2022, 14, 5009
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Polyphenol-stabilized coacervates for enzyme-triggered drug delivery
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Construction of Somatostatin‐Based Multiphase “Core–Shell” Coacervates as Photodynamic Biomimetic Organelles
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Minimalist Molecules Drive Liquid–Liquid Phase Separation to Modularly Assemble Functional Coacervate Protocells
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Angewandte Chemie, 2026, 138
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Synthetic Cells from Droplet‐Based Microfluidics for Biosensing and Biomedical Applications
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Small, 2024, 20
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Integrating Computation, Experiment, and Machine Learning in the Design of Peptide‐Based Supramolecular Materials and Systems
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Angewandte Chemie, 2023, 135
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Modulation of Liquid‐to‐Solid Phase Transition in Coacervates for Neurodegenerative Disease Treatments
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ChemBioChem, 2026, 27
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Bioinspired Diffusion-Limited Silicification in Coacervate Assemblies Enables Smart Nanotoroids for Deep and Sensitive Tumor Penetration
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Complex Coacervation and Compartmentalized Conversion of Prebiotically Relevant Metabolites**
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ChemSystemsChem, 2022, 4
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Regulation of Peptide Liquid–Liquid Phase Separation by Aromatic Amino Acid Composition
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Small, 2024
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Programmable spatial organization of liquid-phase condensations
Junbo Li, Zhijun Xu, Mei Zhu, Chunyu Zhao, Xiaoliang Wang, Haixu Chen, Xiaoman Liu, Lei Wang and Xin Huang
Chem, 2022, 8, 784
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Small Amphiphile‐Based Coacervation
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Chemistry — An Asian Journal, 2022, 17
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Charge separation at liquid interfaces
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Phys. Rev. Research, 2024, 6
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Co‐assembly behavior of oppositely charged thermoresponsive elastin‐like polypeptide block copolymers
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Induction of Platinum(II) Coordination-Bonded Network Formation in Coacervates of Single-Stranded DNAs
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Bio‐inspired functional coacervates
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Aggregate, 2022, 3
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Emergent Chemical Reactivity and Complexity of RNA Condensates
Samuel Hauf, Ryo Nakamura, Barbara Cellini, Yohei Yokobayashi and Mirco Dindo
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Comparison and investigation of H-bond assisted reusable PU adhesives with high shear strength
Biru Shi, Xiaoling Xu, Jiahui Zhong, Zhenyu Zhang, Haosen Ma, Yu He, Xinxin Tian, Yan Zhou, Xiangdong Liu, Dekun Sheng and Yuming Yang
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Emergent properties of melanin-inspired peptide/RNA condensates
Amit Netzer, Itai Katzir, Avigail Baruch Leshem, Michal Weitman and Ayala Lampel
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 2023, 120
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Cysteine‐Based Dynamic Self‐Assembly and Their Importance in the Origins of Life
Soumen Kuila and Jayanta Nanda
ChemSystemsChem, 2024, 6
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Encapsulation behavior of curcumin in heteroprotein complex coacervates and precipitates fabricated from β-conglycinin and lysozyme
Jiabao Zheng, Qing Gao, Ge Ge, Weizheng Sun, Paul Van der Meeren and Mouming Zhao
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Chaperone-mediated heterotypic phase separation regulates liquid-to-solid phase transitions of tau into amyloid fibrils
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Protocells: Milestones and Recent Advances
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Small, 2022, 18
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Ions effect on tunable coacervate and its relevance to the Hofmeister series
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Coacervation between Two Positively Charged Poly(ionic liquid)s
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Membranized Coacervate Microdroplets: from Versatile Protocell Models to Cytomimetic Materials
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A designer minimalistic model parallels the phase-separation-mediated assembly and biophysical cues of extracellular matrix
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Coacervates Composed of Low‐Molecular‐Weight Compounds– Molecular Design, Stimuli Responsiveness, Confined Reaction
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Advanced Biology, 2025, 9
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Synthetic Biomolecular Condensates: Phase‐Separation Control, Cytomimetic Modelling and Emerging Biomedical Potential
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Template-Free Microfluidic Fabrication of Water-in-Water Microcapsules for Controlled Release
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ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2026, 18, 12243
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Miscibility and phase behavior in bulk and micellar systems of surfactant-polymer coacervate mixtures
Jussara Alves Penido and Watson Loh
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Upper Critical Solution Temperature (UCST) Behavior of Polyguanidinium in Aqueous Media
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Engineering coacervate droplets towards the building of multiplex biomimetic protocells
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Supramolecular Materials, 2022, 1, 100019
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Coacervation of biopolymers on muscovite surface
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Front. Soft. Matter, 2022, 2
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Regulierung von Nukleinsäurekatalyse mit aktiven Koazervaten
Anna‐Lena Holtmannspötter, Corbin Machatzke, Christian Begemann, Elia Salibi, Carsten Donau, Fabian Späth, Job Boekhoven and Hannes Mutschler
Angewandte Chemie, 2024, 136
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Interactions of Clay Minerals with Biomolecules and Protocells Complex Structures in the Origin of Life: A Review
Ying Yan and Huaming Yang
Adv Funct Materials, 2024, 34
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Interfacing Coacervates with Membranes: From Artificial Organelles and Hybrid Protocells to Intracellular Delivery
Tiemei Lu, Sadaf Javed, Claudia Bonfio and Evan Spruijt
Small Methods, 2023, 7
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Bioinspired silica-shell coacervates: enhanced stability and functional versatility
Yitong Wang, Yixin Yun, Janar Tursen, Yuang Tang, Hongke Zhang, Xiaoqi Song, Xiaona Yu, Lujia Han, Wanbin Zhu and Hongliang Wang
Adv Compos Hybrid Mater, 2026, 9
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A Tunable Coacervate Matrix Emulates Embryonic Extracellular Matrix (ECM) Biophysical Cues To Regulate Stem Cell Fate
Xian Xie, Xu Yan, Rongjie Wu, Zhuo Li, Sien Lin and Liming Bian
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2026, 148, 5155
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Peptide‐Based Coacervate‐Core Vesicles with Semipermeable Membranes
Manzar Abbas, Jack O. Law, Sushma N. Grellscheid, Wilhelm T. S. Huck and Evan Spruijt
Advanced Materials, 2022, 34
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Glycine Composition and Ion Valency Tune Phase Behavior and Drug Encapsulation in Designer Peptide Condensates
Shirel Veretnik, Rif Harris and Ayala Lampel
ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2026, 18, 10820
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Three New Difunctional Electrocatalysts Built from Polyoxometalates and Cu–Tpy Units: Experimental and Theoretical Study
Wanli Zhou, Yuecen Guan, Yanping Zheng, Xiao Chen, Jinyang Li, Xuekun Liu and Jun Peng
Crystal Growth & Design, 2022, 22, 6588
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Catalytic peptide-based coacervates for enhanced function through structural organization and substrate specificity
David Q. P. Reis, Sara Pereira, Ana P. Ramos, Pedro M. Pereira, Leonor Morgado, Joana Calvário, Adriano O. Henriques, Mónica Serrano and Ana S. Pina
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Peptide Coacervates: Formation, Mechanism, and Biological Applications
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Metal-dependent and metal-free mechanisms of peptide condensate catalysts
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Dynamic Switchable and Transient DNA Condensates Driven by Aptamer‐Ligand or Ion‐Nucleobase Bridged Complexes
Yichen Han, Yang Sung Sohn, Rachel Nechushtai, Fan Xia, Fujian Huang, Yunlong Qin and Itamar Willner
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Biphasic Coacervation Controlled by Kinetics as Studied by De Novo-Designed Peptides
Tianhao Ren and Dehai Liang
Langmuir, 2025, 41, 1756
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Transient Compartmentalization in Coacervates Driven by Chemically Fueled Autocatalysis and Interfacial Remodeling
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Connected Peptide Modules Enable Controlled Co-Existence of Self-Assembled Fibers Inside Liquid Condensates
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An Overview of Coacervates: The Special Disperse State of Amphiphilic and Polymeric Materials in Solution
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Sequence‐Tunable Phase Behavior and Intrinsic Fluorescence in Dynamically Interacting Peptides
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Generalist versus Specialist Self‐Replicators
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Chemistry A European J, 2024, 30
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Salt-Bridge-Mediated Coacervate-to-Vesicle Transformation in Arginine-Rich Coacervates
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Fluorogenic RNA aptamer based artificial membraneless organelles for small molecule and cell sensing
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Engineering Artificial Mitochondria with Self‐Amplifying Proton Generation for Autonomous Energy Supply and Metabolic Coupling in Artificial Cells
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Spatial engineering for biocatalytic cascade control through biomolecular compartmentalization
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Size Scaling of Condensates in Multicomponent Phase Separation
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Effect of Dynamically Arrested Domains on the Phase Behavior, Linear Viscoelasticity and Microstructure of Hyaluronic Acid – Chitosan Complex Coacervates
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A strategy to re-sensitise drug-resistant Gram-positive bacteria to oxazolidinone-class antibiotics
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How Droplets Can Accelerate Reactions─Coacervate Protocells as Catalytic Microcompartments
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Coacervate-Based Plexcitonic Assembly toward Peroxidase-like Activity and Ultrasensitive Glucose Sensing
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A roadmap toward the synthesis of life
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Structural and functional role of methylene linkers in self-coacervation-mediated membrane interaction and antiviral defense
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Kinetic Selection in the Out‐of‐Equilibrium Autocatalytic Reaction Networks that Produce Macrocyclic Peptides
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Interactions between Hyaluronic Acid and Chitosan by Isothermal Titration Calorimetry: The Effect of Ionic Strength, pH, and Polymer Molecular Weight
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Effects of catechol grafting on chitosan-based coacervation and adhesion
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Kinetic Study of the Esterase-like Activity of Albumin following Condensation by Macromolecular Crowding
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Autocatalytic Reaction between HCN and Cysteamine Produces Hydrophobic, Catalytic, Liquid Compartments
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Probing the surface charge of condensates using microelectrophoresis
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Molecular Crowding: The History and Development of a Scientific Paradigm
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Unveiling the Liquid‐Liquid Phase Separation of Benzene‐1,3,5‐Tricarboxamide in Water
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Bi-layered oil encapsulates formed by polydopamine-supported in situ complex coacervation: Investigation of structure formation and sustained release performance
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Compartmentalized Biomolecular Condensates via Controlled Nucleation
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Temporal Control Over Complex, Simple, and Multiphase Coacervates Using Ureolysis and Ammonium Carbonate Decomposition
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Quantification of Small Molecule Partitioning in a Biomolecular Condensate with 2D Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
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Quantification of Biomolecular Condensate Volume Reveals Network Swelling and Dissolution Regimes during Phase Transition
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Construction and Application of Nucleic Acids-Based Biomolecular Condensates
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Active Controlled and Tunable Coacervation Using Side-Chain Functional α-Helical Homopolypeptides
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Phase Behavior and Electrochemical Properties of Highly Asymmetric Redox Coacervates
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Double-hydrophilic block copolymer–metal ion associations: Structures, properties and applications
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Synthetic Biomolecular Condensates: Phase‐Separation Control, Cytomimetic Modelling and Emerging Biomedical Potential
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Surface‐Driven Protocell Formation in Geologically Relevant Early Earth Environment
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Bridging Biocondensation and Biomimetic Fibrillation by Regulating Intra- And Interchain Hydrogen Bonds in Artificial Biomacromolecular Condensates
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Tuning interfacial fluidity and colloidal stability of membranized coacervate protocells
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Nucleic Acids Modulate Liquidity and Dynamics of Artificial Membraneless Organelles
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Hydrodynamics in semidilute polyelectrolyte solutions and complex coacervates
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Programmed Fabrication of Vesicle‐Based Prototissue Fibers with Modular Functionalities
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Integrating Computation, Experiment, and Machine Learning in the Design of Peptide‐Based Supramolecular Materials and Systems
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Templating with Nature: Eco-friendly Synthesis of Hierarchically Porous Silica Materials via Sustainable Coacervate Mineralization
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Competition between β-Sheet and Coacervate Domains Yields Diverse Morphologies in Mixtures of Oppositely Charged Homochiral Polypeptides
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Peptide self-assembly through liquid-liquid phase separation
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Pyrite as a catalyst for the emergence of multiphase primitive cells
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Complex Coacervate Emulsions as a Strategy to Stabilize Enzymes for Catalysis in Organic Solvents
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Microscopic and stochastic simulations of chemically active droplets
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Biomolecule-Based Coacervates with Modulated Physiological Functions
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β-Sheet Structures Enhance Aggregation-Induced Emission Signals in Peptide-Based Coacervates
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Coacervate‐Assisted Polymerization‐Induced Self‐Assembly of Chiral Alternating Copolymers into Hierarchical Bishell Capsules with Sub‐5 nm Ultrathin Lamellae
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Bottom‐Up Coacervate‐Based Artificial Cells: Integrating Cellular Hallmarks into Complex Life‐Like Systems
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Liquid spherical shells are a non-equilibrium steady state of active droplets
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Coacervate‐Enhanced Deposition of Sprayed Pesticide on Hydrophobic/Superhydrophobic Abaxial Leaf Surfaces
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Smart coacervate microdroplets: biomimetic design, material innovations, and emerging applications in biomacromolecule delivery
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Programmable Zwitterionic Droplets as Biomolecular Sorters and Model of Membraneless Organelles
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Mellitic Acid as a Stable Abiotic Precursor for Liquid‐Liquid Phase Separation: An RNA‐Independent Pathway for Prebiotic Compartmentalization
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Modulation of Protein–Protein Interactions with Molecular Glues in a Synthetic Condensate Platform
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Mistletoe‐ and Mussel‐Inspired Fabrication of Hierarchically Structured Protein‐Cellulose Scaffolds From Biomolecular Condensates
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Peptide nanoarchitectonics beyond long-range ordering
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Development of Dipeptide‐Based Liquid Droplets and Fibrils as Enzyme‐Mimics
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Sequence‐Tunable Phase Behavior and Intrinsic Fluorescence in Dynamically Interacting Peptides
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Catalytically Active Coacervates Sustained Out‐of‐Equilibrium
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Membrane‐Bound Inward‐Growth of Artificial Cytoskeletons and Their Selective Disassembly
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A minimalist design approach to simple coacervates from low-molecular-weight components
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Inorganic Polyphosphate: Coacervate Formation and Functional Significance in Nanomedical Applications
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Peptide-Based Biomimetic Condensates via Liquid–Liquid Phase Separation as Biomedical Delivery Vehicles
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Coacervate-Based Materials: Fabrication, Structure, and Applications
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Coacervate‐Derived Assembly of Poly(ethylene glycol) Nanoparticles for Combinational Tumor Therapy
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Peptide-Based Complex Coacervates Stabilized by Cation−π Interactions for Cell Engineering
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Cumulative Effect of pH and Redox Triggers on Highly Adaptive Transient Coacervates
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Dilute but Dense – Reversible Crosslinking Enables Water‐Rich (Bio)polymer Condensates
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Solution structure of recombinant Pvfp-5β reveals insights into mussel adhesion
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El mundo de las gotas dentro de nuestras células
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Coacervates: Recent developments as nanostructure delivery platforms for therapeutic biomolecules
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Protocell Flow Reactors for Enzyme and Whole‐Cell Mediated Biocatalysis
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Advanced Materials, 2024, 36
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Organelle-like structural evolution of coacervate droplets induced by photopolymerization
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Biomimetic and Biological Applications of DNA Coacervates
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Regulating surface properties of designed phase-separating peptide droplets for improved dispersibility
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Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) in DNA and chromatin systems from the perspective of colloid physical chemistry
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Design of Electrostatic Nanocomplex of Semaglutide with Protamine and Zinc for Subcutaneous Prolonged Delivery
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Supernatant Phase in Polyelectrolyte Complex Coacervation: Cluster Formation, Binodal, and Nucleation
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Sequence‐Modulated Active Tripeptide Condensates for Tandem Catalysis
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Regulating Nucleic Acid Catalysis Using Active Droplets
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Binary peptide coacervates as an active model for biomolecular condensates
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Preservation of Complex Multiphase Architectures in Polymer‐Based Artificial Cells by Photo‐Crosslinking
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Metal‐coordinated amino acid/peptide/protein‐based supramolecular self‐assembled nanomaterials for anticancer applications
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Gel-to-Coacervate Transition in Peptide/HA Complexes for MMP-9-Activated Penetration into Tumor Spheroids
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Rational desalting strategy enables controllable fabrication of oil-loaded polysaccharide coacervate particles
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Cell Surface Engineering by Phase‐Separated Coacervates for Antibody Display and Targeted Cancer Cell Therapy
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Multiphasic condensates formed with mono-component of tetrapeptides via phase separation
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Synthetic Cells: From Simple Bio‐Inspired Modules to Sophisticated Integrated Systems
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Toward synthetic life—Emergence, growth, creation of offspring, decay, and rescue of fuel-dependent synthetic cells
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Coacervate-Based Delivery Systems: Bridging Fundamentals and Applications
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Understanding Biases in Liquid–Liquid Phase Separation: Investigating Amino Acid Enrichments in Phase-Separating Proteins toward Peptide Design
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Controlling the Formation of Polyelectrolyte Complex Nanoparticles Using Programmable pH Reactions
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Coacervate Nanoreactors: PEG Side-Chain-Assisted Compartmentalization Leads to an Oxygen-Tolerant Polymerization-Induced Electrostatic Self-Assembly
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Exploring Peptido‐Nanocomposites in the Context of Amyloid Diseases
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Phosphorus recovery from aqueous solutions via phase separation using bioinspired coacervates
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Liquid–Liquid Phase-Separated Hydrogel with Tunable Sol–Gel Transition Behavior as a Hotmelt-Adhesive Postoperative Barrier
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Tuning the Dynamics of Viral‐Factories‐Inspired Compartments Formed by Peptide–RNA Liquid–Liquid Phase Separation
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Coacervate Microdroplets as Synthetic Protocells for Cell Mimicking and Signaling Communications
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Small Methods, 2023, 7
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Endoproteolysis of Oligopeptide-Based Coacervates for Enzymatic Modeling
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Programmatically Dynamic Microcompartmentation in Coacervate‐in‐Pickering Emulsion Protocell
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Strength in numbers: cell penetrating peptide clusters to build next-generation therapeutics
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Synthetic‐Cell‐Based Multi‐Compartmentalized Hierarchical Systems
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Capturing chemical reactions inside biomolecular condensates with reactive Martini simulations
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Fatty Acid-Based Coacervates as a Membrane-free Protocell Model
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Charge‐Mediated Interactions Affect Enzymatic Reactions in Peptide Condensates
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Proto-Neurons from Abiotic Polypeptides
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Liquid-liquid phase separation mediated order and pathological chaos: From cellular organization to precision modulating
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Mechanomorphogenic Films Formed via Interfacial Assembly of Fluorinated Amino Acids
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Continuous Transformation from Membrane‐Less Coacervates to Membranized Coacervates and Giant Vesicles: Toward Multicompartmental Protocells with Complex (Membrane) Architectures
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Acetylation of Short Glycopeptides Enables Phase Separation
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Moisture Absorbing and Water Self‐Releasing from Hybrid Hydrogel Desiccants
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A Single Amino Acid Model for Hydrophobically Driven Liquid–Liquid Phase Separation
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Bottom‐Up Coacervate‐Based Artificial Cells: Integrating Cellular Hallmarks into Complex Life‐Like Systems
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Exploring Peptido‐Nanocomposites in the Context of Amyloid Diseases
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Engineering of DNA nanostructure-based artificial cells for biosensing applications
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Finding ways into the cytosol: Peptide-mediated approaches for delivering proteins into cells
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Enzymatic Reaction Network‐Driven Polymerization‐Induced Transient Coacervation
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A coacervate-based redox-responsive cytoplasmic delivery system for antioxidant macromolecule to rescue sensorineural hearing loss
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Fluorescence Imaging of Nanoparticle Uptake into Liquid‐Liquid Phase‐Separated Droplets
Keitaro Kojima, Shunsuke Tomita and Masao Kamimura
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Fabrication of Biomimetic Protocells via Interfacial Assembly of Protein–Lipid Nanoconjugates
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Stabilizing Water-in-Water Emulsions Using Oil Droplets
Jean-Paul Douliez and Laure Béven
Molecules, 2025, 30, 3120
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Insights into the Mechanism of Protein Loading by Chain-Length Asymmetric Complex Coacervates
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Switchable Coacervate Formation via Amino Acid Functionalization of Poly(dehydroalanine)
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Biomacromolecules, 2024, 25, 2554
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Interface Binding Mechanism of Nanoclay Hybridized Coacervate Microdroplets for the Controllable Construction of Protocells
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From Polymerization-Enabled Folding and Assembly to Chemical Evolution: Key Processes for Emergence of Functional Polymers in the Origin of Life
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Astrobiology, 2026
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Primitive Molecular Buffering by Low-Multivalency Coacervates
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Biofunctional coacervate-based artificial protocells with membrane-like and cytoplasm-like structures for the treatment of persistent hyperuricemia
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Diverse, distinct, and densely packed DNA nanostar droplets
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Peptide-Based Supramolecular Systems Chemistry
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Interfacing Complex Coacervates with Natural Cells
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Programmable Coacervate Droplets via Reaction-Coupled Liquid–Liquid Phase Separation (LLPS) and Competitive Inhibition
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Polymer conformational entropy as the driver of complex coacervation
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A short peptide synthon for liquid–liquid phase separation
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Catalytically Active Coacervates Sustained Out‐of‐Equilibrium
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Peptide-based liquid droplets as emerging delivery vehicles
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Assembly of Replicating Protocells with Primitive Metabolism
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Astrobiology, 2026
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Thermostable Nucleoid Protein Cren7 Slides Along DNA and Rapidly Dissociates From DNA While Not Inhibiting the Sliding of Other DNA-binding Protein
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Supramolecular fibrillation in coacervates and other confined systems towards biomimetic function
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Ribozyme activity modulates the physical properties of RNA–peptide coacervates
Kristian Kyle Le Vay, Elia Salibi, Basusree Ghosh, TY Dora Tang and Hannes Mutschler
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Connecting primitive phase separation to biotechnology, synthetic biology, and engineering
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Vortex‐Generated Microdroplets Enable Simple, Rapid, and Low‐Volume Measurement of Condensate Volume and Concentration
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Advanced Science, 2025, 12
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Spontaneous Transition of Spherical Coacervate to Vesicle‐Like Compartment
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RNA Condensate as a Versatile Platform for Improving Fluorogenic RNA Aptamer Properties and Cell Imaging
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New insights into protein–polysaccharide complex coacervation: Dynamics, molecular parameters, and applications
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Crafting Stable Antibiotic Nanoparticles via Complex Coacervation of Colistin with Block Copolymers
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Non-equilibrium self-assembly for living matter-like properties
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Sulfatase-responsive phase-separating peptide coacervates target stress granules to reverse sorafenib resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma
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From Single‐Compartment Artificial Cells to Tissue‐Like Materials
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Programmable Coacervates Based on Minimalist Sticker–Spacer Frameworks: Chemical Design, Functions, and Emerging Applications
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Multistage Phase Programming in Fibrillated Peptide Coacervates
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Polarity Does Not Matter: Molecular Weight Reverses the Photoisomerization‐Induced Phase Separation of an Azobenzene‐Bearing Polymer
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Biomolecular Liquid–Liquid Phase Separation for Biotechnology
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Programmable Enzymatic Reaction Network in Artificial Cell‐Like Polymersomes
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Design and applications of synthetic biomolecular condensates
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Phase separation and ageing of glycine-rich protein from tick adhesive
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Characterization of Optical, Thermal, and Viscoelastic Properties of Pollenkitt in Angiosperm Pollen Using In-Line Digital Holographic Microscopy
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Recent Progress in Azobenzene‐Based Supramolecular Materials and Applications
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Construction of Hybrid Bi‐microcompartments with Exocytosis‐Inspired Behavior toward Fast Temperature‐Modulated Transportation of Living Organisms
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Rational Design of Zwitterionic Polymers with Tunable Phase Separation Propensity
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Nucleoside Analogs and Perylene Derivatives Modulate Phase Separation of SARS-CoV-2 N Protein and Genomic RNA In Vitro
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Progress in constructing functional coacervate systems using microfluidics
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Micron-sized DNA–gelatin coacervates generated by ionic complexation in the presence of a nonionic polysaccharide
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