Green and efficient iron-catalyzed cross-dehydrogenative coupling for the synthesis of α,β-unsaturated ketones via C(sp3)–H functionalization

Abstract

An efficient C–C cross-coupling approach for the synthesis of α,β-unsaturated ketones was developed through C(sp³)–H functionalization of acetophenone and methylarene under thermal conditions in the presence of a green catalyst, FeCl₃·6H₂O, with DMF as a solvent and atmospheric O₂ (air) as an oxidant. The method was useful for a wide range of substrates, indicating good functional group compatibility and providing an innovative approach to forming new C–C bonds from inexpensive, readily available starting materials. Thus, the main advantages of the present methods are one-pot reactions, environmentally friendly approaches, cost-effectiveness, broad substrate scope, short reaction times, easy workup procedures, and good yields.