Oxidative dehydrogenation of light alkanes with carbon dioxide

Abstract

Oxidative dehydrogenation of light alkanes in the presence of carbon dioxide (CO₂) via heterogeneous catalysis is a sustainable approach. Compared with the strong O₂ oxidant, CO₂ is soft and controllable for the transformation of light alkanes, affording an attractive and environmentally friendly route. Using this catalytic process, light alkanes can be converted to corresponding olefins and CO₂ is transformed into value-added chemicals. Herein, we provide a critical review on the current development of the CO₂-assisted transformation of light alkanes. Also, different types of catalysts are discussed in this critical review: (i) metal oxide catalysts based on Cr, Ga, In, Fe and other metals oxides; (ii) metallic and bimetallic precious and non-precious catalysts; and (iii) carbide and nitride catalysts. A detailed review of the literatures consists of the nature of active sites and the role of modifiers and supports for each type of catalytic material. The catalytic performance of these different types of catalysts for the dehydrogenation of light alkanes is discussed in the absence and presence of CO₂. Finally, we present perspectives for future progress in this field.