Colloidal 2D Mo1−xWxS2 nanosheets: an atomic- to ensemble-level spectroscopic study

Abstract

Composition dependent tuning of electronic and optical properties in semiconducting two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) alloys is promising for tailoring the materials for optoelectronics. Here, we report a solution-based synthesis suitable to obtain predominantly monolayered 2D semiconducting Mo_1−xW_xS₂ nanosheets (NSs) with controlled composition as substrate-free colloidal inks. Atomic-level structural analysis by high-angle annular dark-field (HAADF) scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDXS) depicts the distribution of individual atoms within the Mo_1−xW_xS₂ NSs and reveals the tendency for domain formation, especially at low molar tungsten fractions. These domains cause a broadening in the associated ensemble-level Raman spectra, confirming the extrapolation of the structural information from the microscopic scale to the properties of the entire sample. A characterization of the Mo_1−xW_xS₂ NSs by steady-state optical spectroscopy shows that a band gap tuning in the range of 1.89–2.02 eV (614–655 nm) and a spin–orbit coupling-related exciton splitting of 0.16–0.38 eV can be achieved, which renders colloidal methods viable for upscaling low cost synthetic approaches toward application-taylored colloidal TMDCs.