Volume 229, 2021

Visualization of catalyst dynamics and development of a practical procedure to study complex “cocktail”-type catalytic systems

Abstract

The ability to distinguish molecular catalysis from nanoscale catalysis provides a key to success in the field of catalyst development, particularly for the transition to sustainable economies. Complex evolution of catalyst precursors, facilitated by dynamic interconversions and leaching, makes the identification of catalytically active forms an important task, which is sometimes very difficult. We propose a simple method for in situ capturing of nanoparticles with carbon-coated grids directly from reaction mixtures. Application of this method to the Mizoroki–Heck reaction allowed visualization of dynamic changes of the dominant form of palladium particles in the reaction mixtures with homogeneous and heterogeneous catalyst precursors. Changes in the size and shape of the palladium particles reflecting the progress of the catalytic chemical reaction were demonstrated. Detailed computational modeling was carried out to confirm the generality of this approach and its feasibility for different catalytic systems. The computational models revealed strong binding of metal particles to the carbon coating comprising efficient binding sites. The approach was tested for trapping Cr, Co, Ag, Ni, Cu, Pd, Cd, Ir, Ru and Rh nanoparticles from solutions containing micromolar starting concentrations of the metal precursors. The developed approach provides a unique tool for studying intrinsic properties of catalytic systems.

Graphical abstract: Visualization of catalyst dynamics and development of a practical procedure to study complex “cocktail”-type catalytic systems

Associated articles

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
03 دسمبر 2019
Accepted
05 فرؤری 2020
First published
07 فرؤری 2020

Faraday Discuss., 2021,229, 458-474

Visualization of catalyst dynamics and development of a practical procedure to study complex “cocktail”-type catalytic systems

A. S. Galushko, E. G. Gordeev, A. S. Kashin, Y. V. Zubavichus and V. P. Ananikov, Faraday Discuss., 2021, 229, 458 DOI: 10.1039/C9FD00125E

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