Volume 243, 2023

In search of the bottlenecks of ammonia synthesis over Ru/Vulcan under ambient conditions

Abstract

Hydrogenation of the N–N bond under ambient conditions over 1 wt% Ru/Vulcan was monitored through operando Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Spectroscopy (DRIFTS) and DFT. IR signals centered at 3017 cm−1 and 1302 cm−1 were visible with attributes similar to the asymmetric stretching and bending vibrations of gas phase ammonia at 3381 cm−1 and 1650 cm−1. The intensities of the signals increased with consecutive H2 : Ar and N2 flow cycles at room temperature and atmospheric pressure due to accumulation of the formed NHX on the catalyst surface. DFT estimations revealed that a compound with a molecular stoichiometry of N–NH3 can give rise to an IR signal centered at 3051.9 cm−1. The results of this study, combined with the known vapor liquid phase behavior of ammonia, suggest that under subcritical conditions, the bottlenecks of ammonia synthesis are both N–N bond dissociation and ammonia desorption from the pores of the catalyst.

Graphical abstract: In search of the bottlenecks of ammonia synthesis over Ru/Vulcan under ambient conditions

Associated articles

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
05 Dec 2022
Accepted
20 Dec 2022
First published
21 Dec 2022

Faraday Discuss., 2023,243, 164-178

In search of the bottlenecks of ammonia synthesis over Ru/Vulcan under ambient conditions

M. Y. Aslan, E. Mete and D. Uner, Faraday Discuss., 2023, 243, 164 DOI: 10.1039/D2FD00173J

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