In situ formed thermogelable hydrogel photonic crystals assembled by thermosensitive IPNs

Xiaoxiao Li, Di Zhao, Kenneth J. Shea, Xueting Li and Xihua Lu

Mater. Horiz., 2021, 8, 932
DOI: 10.1039/D0MH01886D

3D printing nacre powder/sodium alginate scaffold loaded with PRF promotes bone tissue repair and regeneration

Bin Liu, Cewen Hu, Xinyue Huang, Kaiqi Qin, Lei Wang, Zhilong Wang, Jiachen Liang, Fuqiang Xie and Zengjie Fan

Biomater. Sci., 2024, 12, 2418
DOI: 10.1039/D3BM01936E

A strain-adaptive, self-healing, breathable and perceptive bottle-brush material inspired by skin

Hui Xiong, Linjun Zhang, Qi Wu, Hao Zhang, Yan Peng, Lijuan Zhao, Guangsu Huang and Jinrong Wu

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2020, 8, 24645
DOI: 10.1039/D0TA08427A

Recent advances in soft functional materials: preparation, functions and applications

Jun Li, Wai-Yeung Wong and Xiao-ming Tao

Nanoscale, 2020, 12, 1281
DOI: 10.1039/C9NR07035D

Skin-inspired self-healing semiconductive touch panel based on novel transparent stretchable hydrogels

Xingkui Guo, Fan Yang, Wenbo Liu, Chuang Han, Yujiao Bai, Xiaolu Sun, Lifeng Hao, Weicheng Jiao and Rongguo Wang

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2021, 9, 14806
DOI: 10.1039/D1TA01892B

Recent progress of 3D-printed polymeric gel sensors for flexible electronics

Lei Cui, Yuxuan Lin, Chenning Li, Zhenhua Yang, Chao-Peng Wang, Jun Yin and Jian Zhu

Mater. Horiz., 2025
DOI: 10.1039/D5MH00381D

3D-printable self-healing and mechanically reinforced hydrogels with host–guest non-covalent interactions integrated into covalently linked networks

Zhifang Wang, Geng An, Ye Zhu, Xuemin Liu, Yunhua Chen, Hongkai Wu, Yingjun Wang, Xuetao Shi and Chuanbin Mao

Mater. Horiz., 2019, 6, 733
DOI: 10.1039/C8MH01208C

Ultrastable, stretchable, highly conductive and transparent hydrogels enabled by salt-percolation for high-performance temperature and strain sensing

Zixuan Wu, Wenxiong Shi, Haojun Ding, Bizhang Zhong, Wenxi Huang, Yubin Zhou, Xuchun Gui, Xi Xie and Jin Wu

J. Mater. Chem. C, 2021, 9, 13668
DOI: 10.1039/D1TC02506F

Adaptable ionic liquid-containing supramolecular hydrogel with multiple sensations at subzero temperatures

Bo Li, Lei Kan, Chao Li, Wei Li, Yihan Zhang, Rui Li, Hao Wei, Xinyue Zhang and Ning Ma

J. Mater. Chem. C, 2021, 9, 1044
DOI: 10.1039/D0TC04992A

Assembly and applications of 3D conformal electronics on curvilinear surfaces

YongAn Huang, Hao Wu, Lin Xiao, Yongqing Duan, Hui Zhu, Jing Bian, Dong Ye and Zhouping Yin

Mater. Horiz., 2019, 6, 642
DOI: 10.1039/C8MH01450G

Surface structure engineering for a bionic fiber-based sensor toward linear, tunable, and multifunctional sensing

Jin Jia, Jun-Hong Pu, Jun-Hong Liu, Xing Zhao, Kai Ke, Rui-Ying Bao, Zheng-Ying Liu, Ming-Bo Yang and Wei Yang

Mater. Horiz., 2020, 7, 2450
DOI: 10.1039/D0MH00716A

Multi-stage hydrogel rockets with stage dropping-off by thermal/light stimulation

Yuling Liang, Yibin Xu, Wei Ye, Dahua Yao, Yunhua Chen and Chaoyang Wang

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2018, 6, 16838
DOI: 10.1039/C8TA06715E

Super-stretchable, elastic and recoverable ionic conductive hydrogel for wireless wearable, stretchable sensor

Hailong Huang, Lu Han, Junfeng Li, Xiaobin Fu, Yanling Wang, Zhongli Yang, Xingtao Xu, Likun Pan and Min Xu

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2020, 8, 10291
DOI: 10.1039/D0TA02902E

Human-tissue-inspired anti-fatigue-fracture hydrogel for a sensitive wide-range human–machine interface

Gehong Su, Jie Cao, Xueqian Zhang, Yulin Zhang, Shuya Yin, Liyang Jia, Quanquan Guo, Xinxing Zhang, Junhua Zhang and Tao Zhou

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2020, 8, 2074
DOI: 10.1039/C9TA08111A

Adjustable dual temperature-sensitive hydrogel based on a self-assembly cross-linking strategy with highly stretchable and healable properties

Sijia Ge, Jiajia Li, Jian Geng, Shinian Liu, Hua Xu and Zhongze Gu

Mater. Horiz., 2021, 8, 1189
DOI: 10.1039/D0MH01762K

3D printed electronics with nanomaterials

Marcin Słoma

Nanoscale, 2023, 15, 5623
DOI: 10.1039/D2NR06771D

Ultrathin hierarchical hydrogel–carbon nanocomposite for highly stretchable fast-response water-proof wearable humidity sensors

Bingqi Pan, Peipei Su, Minghui Jin, Xiaocheng Huang, Zhenbo Wang, Ruhao Zhang, He Xu, Wenna Liu and Yumin Ye

Mater. Horiz., 2023, 10, 5263
DOI: 10.1039/D3MH01093G

Advances in flexible ionic thermal sensors: present and perspectives

Zehao Zhao, Yun Shen, Run Hu and Dongyan Xu

Nanoscale, 2025, 17, 187
DOI: 10.1039/D4NR03423F

Muscle-inspired capacitive tactile sensors with superior sensitivity in an ultra-wide stress range

Xiaoping Shen, Kangchen Nie, Li Zheng, Zhaosong Wang, Zhe Wang, Song Li, Chunde Jin and Qingfeng Sun

J. Mater. Chem. C, 2020, 8, 5913
DOI: 10.1039/D0TC00453G

A “simple” donor–acceptor AIEgen with multi-stimuli responsive behavior

Jing Zhang, Aisen Li, Hang Zou, Junhui Peng, Jiali Guo, Wenjie Wu, Haoke Zhang, Jun Zhang, Xinggui Gu, Weiqing Xu, Shuping Xu, Sheng Hua Liu, Anjun Qin, Jacky W. Y. Lam and Ben Zhong Tang

Mater. Horiz., 2020, 7, 135
DOI: 10.1039/C9MH01041F

Biological skin inspired temperature/pressure bimodal tactile sensing: materials, device and systems

Sheng Lin, Shu-Zheng Liu, Yan Wang, Xin-Gui Tang and Qi-Jun Sun

J. Mater. Chem. C, 2025
DOI: 10.1039/D5TC02514A

Preparation of soft somatosensory-detecting materials via selective laser sintering

Siqi Wei, Lijing Zhang, Chong Li, Shengyang Tao, Baojun Ding, Huichao Zhu and Shufeng Xia

J. Mater. Chem. C, 2019, 7, 6786
DOI: 10.1039/C9TC01331H

Facile formation of a microporous chitosan hydrogel based on self-crosslinking

Yin Chen, Lu Huang, Xin Dai, Qian Tian, Miao Yu, Maria Agheb, Ho Nam Chan, Ellen Poon, Zhihong Guo, Kenneth Richard Boheler and Hongkai Wu

J. Mater. Chem. B, 2017, 5, 9291
DOI: 10.1039/C7TB02736B

Skin-like hydrogels: design strategy and mechanism, properties, and sensing applications

Lisha Pu, Hui Wang, Yinan Zhao, Zhiang Yuan, Yunqi Zhang, Junjie Ding, Keyu Qu, Wenzhi Sun, Zhongxin Xue, Wenlong Xu and Xiyan Sun

J. Mater. Chem. C, 2023, 11, 8358
DOI: 10.1039/D3TC00949A

Highly stretchable and nonvolatile gelatin-supported deep eutectic solvent gel electrolyte-based ionic skins for strain and pressure sensing

Huan Qin, Rachel E. Owyeung, Sameer R. Sonkusale and Matthew J. Panzer

J. Mater. Chem. C, 2019, 7, 601
DOI: 10.1039/C8TC05918G

Recent advances in the 3D printing of electrically conductive hydrogels for flexible electronics

Ruxue Yang, Xiyue Chen, Yi Zheng, Kaiqi Chen, Weisheng Zeng and Xin Wu

J. Mater. Chem. C, 2022, 10, 5380
DOI: 10.1039/D1TC06162C

Adaptable polyionic elastomers with multiple sensations and entropy-driven actuations for prosthetic skins and neuromuscular systems

Zhouyue Lei and Peiyi Wu

Mater. Horiz., 2019, 6, 538
DOI: 10.1039/C8MH01157E

3D printing of ionic conductors for high-sensitivity wearable sensors

Xiang-Yu Yin, Yue Zhang, Xiaobing Cai, Qiuquan Guo, Jun Yang and Zhong Lin Wang

Mater. Horiz., 2019, 6, 767
DOI: 10.1039/C8MH01398E

Stretchable and tough conductive hydrogels for flexible pressure and strain sensors

Zhenwu Wang, Yang Cong and Jun Fu

J. Mater. Chem. B, 2020, 8, 3437
DOI: 10.1039/C9TB02570G

Thermoresponsive oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate based copolymers: composition and comonomer effect

Qian Li, Lezhi Wang, Feihong Chen, Anna P. Constantinou and Theoni K. Georgiou

Polym. Chem., 2022, 13, 2506
DOI: 10.1039/D1PY01688A

Readily producing a Silly Putty-like hydrogel with good self-healing, conductive and photothermal conversion properties based on dynamic coordinate bonds and hydrogen bonds

Shuai Zhang, Bowen Xu, Xinyi Lu, Lei Wang, Yunlong Li, Ning Ma, Hao Wei, Xinyue Zhang and Guojun Wang

J. Mater. Chem. C, 2020, 8, 6763
DOI: 10.1039/D0TC00814A

Anisotropic conductive networks for multidimensional sensing

Fei Zhang, Peng-Cheng Ma, Jiangxin Wang, Qi Zhang, Wei Feng, Yanwu Zhu and Qingbin Zheng

Mater. Horiz., 2021, 8, 2615
DOI: 10.1039/D1MH00615K

A review on recent advances in polymer and peptide hydrogels

Sanjoy Mondal, Sujoy Das and Arun K. Nandi

Soft Matter, 2020, 16, 1404
DOI: 10.1039/C9SM02127B

Shape-driven arrest of coffee stain effect drives the fabrication of carbon-nanotube-graphene-oxide inks for printing embedded structures and temperature sensors

Beihan Zhao, Yanbin Wang, Shayandev Sinha, Chaoji Chen, Dapeng Liu, Abhijit Dasgupta, Liangbing Hu and Siddhartha Das

Nanoscale, 2019, 11, 23402
DOI: 10.1039/C9NR08450A

Nanostructured ionic hydrogel with integrated conductivity, stretchability and thermal responsiveness for a high-performance strain and temperature sensor

Qian Pang, Kaihao Wu, Zilian Jiang, Fang Yang, Zewen Shi, Hanlin Gao, Cuicui Zhang, Ruixia Hou and Yabin Zhu

Biomater. Sci., 2023, 11, 3603
DOI: 10.1039/D3BM00074E

Highly sensitive and wearable gel-based sensors with a dynamic physically cross-linked structure for strain-stimulus detection over a wide temperature range

Shan Xia, Shixin Song, Yi Li and Guanghui Gao

J. Mater. Chem. C, 2019, 7, 11303
DOI: 10.1039/C9TC03475G

Traditional Dough in the Era of Internet of Things: Edible, Renewable, and Reconfigurable Skin‐Like Iontronics

Zhouyue Lei, Jiahui Huang and Peiyi Wu

Adv Funct Materials, 2020, 30
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201908018

Flexible capacitive sensor based on Miura-ori structure

Hong Sun, Yuxuan Sun, Chayut Buranabunwong, Xingxiang Li, Shiwu Zhang, Yong Chen and Mujun Li

Chemical Engineering Journal, 2023, 468, 143514
DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2023.143514

Ultra-thin, transparent, anti-freezing organohydrogel film responded to a wide range of humidity and temperature

Yang Gao, Fei Jia and Guanghui Gao

Chemical Engineering Journal, 2022, 430, 132919
DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2021.132919

Conductive Hydrogel- and Organohydrogel-Based Stretchable Sensors

Zixuan Wu, Xing Yang and Jin Wu

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2021, 13, 2128
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c21841

Cyclic Water Storage Behavior of Doubly Thermoresponsive Poly(sulfobetaine)-Based Diblock Copolymer Thin Films

Lucas P. Kreuzer, Tobias Widmann, Nawarah Aldosari, Lorenz Bießmann, Gaetano Mangiapia, Viet Hildebrand, André Laschewsky, Christine M. Papadakis and Peter Müller-Buschbaum

Macromolecules, 2020, 53, 9108
DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01335

3D Printing Materials for Soft Robotics

Ela Sachyani Keneth, Alexander Kamyshny, Massimo Totaro, Lucia Beccai and Shlomo Magdassi

Advanced Materials, 2021, 33
DOI: 10.1002/adma.202003387

Multi-physics coupling reinforced polyvinyl alcohol/cellulose nanofibrils based multifunctional hydrogel sensor for human motion monitoring

Jianquan Hu, Kai Li, Liangliang An, Dayong Ding, Sheng Chen, Zhong Liu, Yuxin Liu and Feng Xu

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2023, 235, 123841
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123841

Stimuli‐responsive hydrogels: Fabrication and biomedical applications

Ziyuan Li, Yanzi Zhou, Tianyue Li, Junji Zhang and He Tian

VIEW, 2022, 3
DOI: 10.1002/VIW.20200112

Nature-inspired strategies for the synthesis of hydrogel actuators and their applications

Weijun Li, Qingwen Guan, Ming Li, Eduardo Saiz and Xu Hou

Progress in Polymer Science, 2023, 140, 101665
DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2023.101665

E-Tattoos: Toward Functional but Imperceptible Interfacing with Human Skin

Hongbian Li, Philip Tan, Yifan Rao, Sarnab Bhattacharya, Zheliang Wang, Sangjun Kim, Susmita Gangopadhyay, Hongyang Shi, Matija Jankovic, Heeyong Huh, Zhengjie Li, Pukar Maharjan, Jonathan Wells, Hyoyoung Jeong, Yaoyao Jia and Nanshu Lu

Chem. Rev., 2024, 124, 3220
DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00626

Centrifugal microfluidics for ultra-rapid fabrication of versatile hydrogel microcarriers

Yue Cheng, Xiaozhang Zhang, Yuan Cao, Conghui Tian, Yufang Li, Meng Wang, Yuanjin Zhao and Gang Zhao

Applied Materials Today, 2018, 13, 116
DOI: 10.1016/j.apmt.2018.08.012

Highly Stretchable and Sensitive Strain Sensor with Porous Segregated Conductive Network

Chang-Ge Zhou, Wen-Jin Sun, Li-Chuan Jia, Ling Xu, Kun Dai, Ding-Xiang Yan and Zhong-Ming Li

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2019, 11, 37094
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b12504

Control-Based 4D Printing: Adaptive 4D-Printed Systems

Ali Zolfagharian, Akif Kaynak, Mahdi Bodaghi, Abbas Z. Kouzani, Saleh Gharaie and Saeid Nahavandi

Applied Sciences, 2020, 10, 3020
DOI: 10.3390/app10093020

Self-Powered Gradient Hydrogel Sensor with the Temperature-Triggered Reversible Adhension

Dong Sun, Cun Peng, Yuan Tang, Pengfei Qi, Wenxin Fan, Qiang Xu and Kunyan Sui

Polymers, 2022, 14, 5312
DOI: 10.3390/polym14235312

Bioinspired anti-freezing 3D-printable conductive hydrogel microfibers for highly-sensitive and wide-range detection of ultralow and high strains

Yi-Min Yang, Ting-Yuan Hu, Haidong Fan, Lu Shi, Shi-Yuan Zhang, Zhuang Liu, Xiao-Jie Ju, Rui Xie, Wei Wang and Liang-Yin Chu

Green Chemical Engineering, 2024, 5, 132
DOI: 10.1016/j.gce.2023.03.001

Double Network Glycerol Gel: A Robust, Highly Sensitive, and Adaptive Temperature Sensor

Zhanbin Feng, Ziteng Zhang, Bo Chu and Xing‐Hong Zhang

Macro Materials & Eng, 2021, 306
DOI: 10.1002/mame.202100465

Shape reprogramming of 3D printed ionogels by solvent exchange with deep eutectic solvents

Hung-Yue Tsai, Hao-Jing Hsu and Sheng-Sheng Yu

Polym J, 2023, 55, 1211
DOI: 10.1038/s41428-023-00814-4

Self-healing, Stretchable, Temperature-Sensitive and Strain-Sensitive Hydrogel-based Flexible Sensors

Chun-Xia Zhao, Min Guo, Jie Mao, Yun-Tao Li, Yuan-Peng Wu, Hua Guo, Dong Xiang and Hui Li

Chin J Polym Sci, 2023, 41, 334
DOI: 10.1007/s10118-022-2854-6

Recent Advances in Electronic Skins with Multiple-Stimuli-Responsive and Self-Healing Abilities

Quanquan Guo, Xiaoyan Qiu and Xinxing Zhang

Materials, 2022, 15, 1661
DOI: 10.3390/ma15051661

Recent advances in 4D printing of hydrogels

Tongqing Li, Zhenjia Huang, Gary Chi-Pong Tsui, Chak-Yin Tang and Yu Deng

REVIEWS ON ADVANCED MATERIALS SCIENCE, 2024, 63
DOI: 10.1515/rams-2024-0028

Thermo-responsive PNIPAm-based Composite Nanofibers Prepared by Electrospinning

Libo Deng, Jiaxiang Chen, Zhipeng Zhang and Weijia Zeng

International Journal of Electrochemical Science, 2018, 13, 7347
DOI: 10.20964/2018.08.63

Functional Polymers and Nanocomposites for 3D Printing of Smart Structures and Devices

Milena Nadgorny and Amir Ameli

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2018, 10, 17489
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b01786

Continuous dual-network alginate hydrogel fibers with superior mechanical and electrical performance for flexible multi-functional sensors

Zhihao Wan, Pinchuan Ma, Peng Yu, Jianming Wu, Lihong Geng and Xiangfang Peng

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2024, 273, 133151
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133151

Bioinspired cellulose‐integrated MXene‐based hydrogels for multifunctional sensing and electromagnetic interference shielding

Jingjiang Wei, Chenglong Zhu, Zhihui Zeng, Fei Pan, Fuqiang Wan, Liwen Lei, Gustav Nyström and Zhengyi Fu

Interdisciplinary Materials, 2022, 1, 495
DOI: 10.1002/idm2.12026

Transformative 4D Printed SMPs into Soft Electronics and Adaptive Structures: Innovations and Practical Insights

Muhammad Yasir Khalid, Adam Otabil, Omar Samir Mamoun, Khalid Askar and Mahdi Bodaghi

Adv Materials Technologies, 2025
DOI: 10.1002/admt.202500309

Engineering Hydrogel‐Based Biomedical Photonics: Design, Fabrication, and Applications

Carlos F. Guimarães, Rajib Ahmed, Alexandra P. Marques, Rui L. Reis and Utkan Demirci

Advanced Materials, 2021, 33
DOI: 10.1002/adma.202006582

Hydrogel fibers for wearable sensors and soft actuators

Jiaxuan Du, Qing Ma, Binghao Wang, Litao Sun and Limei Liu

iScience, 2023, 26, 106796
DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106796

3D Printing of Polymer Hydrogels—From Basic Techniques to Programmable Actuation

Fatih Puza and Karen Lienkamp

Adv Funct Materials, 2022, 32
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202205345

A novel strategy inspired by Luban lock towards endowing polyzwitterionic electrolyte hydrogel with UCST behaviors

Wenhao Du, Zhixin Zhao, Shixiong Sun, Benbo Zhao and Xi Zhang

Polymer, 2024, 313, 127711
DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2024.127711

3D Printing of Hydrophobic Eutectogels Toughened by Polymer‐Solvent Hydrogen Bonding and In Situ Phase Separation for Capacitive Sensors

Chuan‐Hsun Hsiao, Fei‐Fan Chen, Chen‐Zhen Zhang, Kuan‐Chung Lin and Sheng‐Sheng Yu

Adv Materials Technologies, 2025, 10
DOI: 10.1002/admt.202401325

Thermal crosslinking and fabrication of poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) nanofibers

Hui LI and Libo DENG

JSUSU, 2019, 36, 324
DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1249.2019.03324

Recyclable hydrogel for human-machine interface of multi-mode human vital signal acquisition

Shan Xia, Wei Fu, Jiahao Liu and Guanghui Gao

Sci. China Mater., 2023, 66, 2843
DOI: 10.1007/s40843-022-2411-9

Bioinspired hydrogel jellyfish with mechanical flexibility and acoustic transparency

Jinhu Zhang, Tianye Zhang, Erqian Dong, Chuang Zhang, Zhonglu Lin, Zhongchang Song, Hongquan Li, Nicholas X. Fang and Yu Zhang

Cell Reports Physical Science, 2022, 3, 101081
DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrp.2022.101081

Fully physically cross-linked hydrogel as highly stretchable, tough, self-healing and sensitive strain sensors

Yongzhi Liang, Xingyue Sun, Qiong Lv, Yuexin Shen and Haiyi Liang

Polymer, 2020, 210, 123039
DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.123039

Three-dimensional printing of tactile sensors for soft robotics

Xinran Zhou and Pooi See Lee

MRS Bulletin, 2021, 46, 330
DOI: 10.1557/s43577-021-00079-3

Prospects for the use of olfactory mucosa cells in bioprinting for the treatment of spinal cord injuries

Olga Vladislavovna Stepanova, Grigorii Andreevich Fursa, Svetlana Sergeevna Andretsova, Valentina Sergeevna Shishkina, Anastasia Denisovna Voronova, Andrey Viktorovich Chadin, Ekaterina Konstantinovna Karsuntseva, Igor Vladimirovich Reshetov and Vladimir Pavlovich Chekhonin

World J Clin Cases, 2023, 11, 322
DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i2.322

3D Multiscale Gradient Pores Impregnated with Ag Nanowires for Simultaneous Pressure and Bending Detection with Enhanced Linear Sensitivity

Vivek Vishal Sharma, Kyeong Nam Kim, Gi Hyeon Han, Eun‐Ji Gwak, Jeong‐Hyun Woo, Sung Bum Kang, Kyoung Jin Choi, Ju‐Young Kim and Jeong Min Baik

Adv Materials Technologies, 2020, 5
DOI: 10.1002/admt.201901041

Revolution in Flexible Wearable Electronics for Temperature and Pressure Monitoring—A Review

Muhammad A. Butt, Nikolay L. Kazanskiy and Svetlana N. Khonina

Electronics, 2022, 11, 716
DOI: 10.3390/electronics11050716

Dual Thermo-Responsive and Strain-Responsive Ionogels for Smart Windows and Temperature/Motion Monitoring

Xuemeng Yang, Shufang Lv, Tianci Li, Shuai Hao, Hongnan Zhu, Yan Cheng, Shuaijie Li and Hongzan Song

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2022, 14, 20083
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c03142

Bioinspired Quasi-Solid Ionic Conductors: Materials, Processing, and Applications

Zhouyue Lei and Peiyi Wu

Acc. Mater. Res., 2021, 2, 1203
DOI: 10.1021/accountsmr.1c00165

Preparation of High-Performance Composite Hydrogel Reinforced by Hydrophilic Modified Waste Rubber Powder

Rui Wu, Zuming Jiang, Zhenxing Cao, Zhaoyang Yuan, Yao Zhang, Lanlei Guo, Fuqing Yuan, Jinrong Wu and Jing Zheng

Molecules, 2021, 26, 4788
DOI: 10.3390/molecules26164788

Encoding of direct 4D printing of isotropic single-material system for double-curvature and multimodal morphing

Bihui Zou, Chao Song, Zipeng He and Jaehyung Ju

Extreme Mechanics Letters, 2022, 54, 101779
DOI: 10.1016/j.eml.2022.101779

Switchable Wettability of Poly(NIPAAm-co-HEMA-co-NMA) Coated PET Fabric for Moisture Management

Shamik Chaudhuri and Chang-Mou Wu

Polymers, 2020, 12, 100
DOI: 10.3390/polym12010100

Monolithic Dual‐Material 3D Printing of Ionic Skins with Long‐Term Performance Stability

Xiang‐Yu Yin, Yue Zhang, Junfeng Xiao, Carolyn Moorlag and Jun Yang

Adv Funct Materials, 2019, 29
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201904716

Recent Progress of Conductive Hydrogel Fibers for Flexible Electronics: Fabrications, Applications, and Perspectives

Wanwan Li, Jiao Liu, Jingnan Wei, Zhaoyan Yang, Chunlei Ren and Bingxiang Li

Adv Funct Materials, 2023, 33
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202213485

Strain- and humidity-insensitive, stretchable hydrogel-based oxygen sensor with corrosion-free electrodes for wireless oxygen detection

Haobin Lin, Jianye Li, Qiongling Ding, Hao Wang, Yibing Luo, Jiahao Yu, He Zhang, Bo-Ru Yang, Kai Tao, Chuan Liu and Jin Wu

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2024, 414, 135939
DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2024.135939

Mechanically and Electronically Robust Transparent Organohydrogel Fibers

Jianchun Song, Shuo Chen, Lijie Sun, Yifan Guo, Luzhi Zhang, Shuliang Wang, Huixia Xuan, Qingbao Guan and Zhengwei You

Advanced Materials, 2020, 32
DOI: 10.1002/adma.201906994

Hydrophobic Collapse Initiates the Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) Volume Phase Transition Reaction Coordinate

Tsung-Yu Wu, Alyssa B. Zrimsek, Sergei V. Bykov, Ryan S. Jakubek and Sanford A. Asher

J. Phys. Chem. B, 2018, 122, 3008
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b00740

Challenges and Status on Design and Computation for Emerging Additive Manufacturing Technologies

Yuen-Shan Leung, Tsz-Ho Kwok, Xiangjia Li, Yang Yang, Charlie C. L. Wang and Yong Chen

Journal of Computing and Information Science in Engineering, 2019, 19
DOI: 10.1115/1.4041913

Cationic Cellulose Nanocrystals-Based Nanocomposite Hydrogels: Achieving 3D Printable Capacitive Sensors with High Transparency and Mechanical Strength

Po-Cheng Lai and Sheng-Sheng Yu

Polymers, 2021, 13, 688
DOI: 10.3390/polym13050688

Combined treatment strategy of hydrogel dressing and physiotherapy for rapid wound healing

Xiaofei Xie, Chenhui Zhu, Jing Zhao, Yanru Fan, Huan Lei and Daidi Fan

Advances in Colloid and Interface Science, 2025, 341, 103477
DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2025.103477

3D Printed Flexible Strain Sensors: From Printing to Devices and Signals

Haodong Liu, Hongjian Zhang, Wenqi Han, Huijuan Lin, Ruizi Li, Jixin Zhu and Wei Huang

Advanced Materials, 2021, 33
DOI: 10.1002/adma.202004782

Flexible Electronics: Status, Challenges and Opportunities

Daniel Corzo, Guillermo Tostado-Blázquez and Derya Baran

Front.Electron., 2020, 1
DOI: 10.3389/felec.2020.594003

Patterning meets gels: Advances in engineering functional gels at micro/nanoscales for soft devices

Hongshang Wang, Wenjin Wang and Zhuang Xie

Journal of Polymer Science, 2022, 60, 2679
DOI: 10.1002/pol.20220148

3D printed super-anti-freezing self-adhesive human-machine interface

Lei Chen, Zhaolong Wang, Ziheng Zhan, Mingzhu Xie, Guihui Duan, Ping Cheng, Yiqin Chen and Huigao Duan

Materials Today Physics, 2021, 19, 100404
DOI: 10.1016/j.mtphys.2021.100404

Multiple Stimuli Responsive and Identifiable Zwitterionic Ionic Conductive Hydrogel for Bionic Electronic Skin

Hailong Huang, Lu Han, Xiaobin Fu, Yanling Wang, Zhongli Yang, Likun Pan and Min Xu

Adv Elect Materials, 2020, 6
DOI: 10.1002/aelm.202000239

Inorganic Hydrogels can be Flexible and Highly Extensible

Tongtong Zhou, Yan Wang, Jiulong Zhou, Lifeng Yao, Ke He, Lixun Chen, Song Zhang, Hong Liu, Xiaodong Chen and Shuxun Cui

Advanced Materials, 2025, 37
DOI: 10.1002/adma.202503910

Enhanced Adsorption of Methylene Blue Triggered by the Phase Transition of Thermoresponsive Polymers in Hybrid Interpenetrating Polymer Network Hydrogels

Neng Hu, Chen Chen, Jun Tan, Weijia Wang, Chao Wang, Huiqing Fan, Jiping Wang, Peter Müller-Buschbaum and Qi Zhong

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater., 2020, 2, 3674
DOI: 10.1021/acsapm.0c00661

Preparation of acrylamide-urea composite hydrogels based on deep eutectic solvents and their self-healing and pressure-sensitive properties

Jiawei Li, Bin Li, Jinming Tang, Mengjing Zhou, Aolin Wu, Zhigang Hu and Ying Wang

J Porous Mater, 2025, 32, 1351
DOI: 10.1007/s10934-024-01746-x

Double-Network Hierarchical-Porous Piezoresistive Nanocomposite Hydrogel Sensors Based on Compressive Cellulosic Hydrogels Deposited with Silver Nanoparticles

Xiaoping Shen, Li Zheng, Ruixin Tang, Kangchen Nie, Zhe Wang, Chunde Jin and Qingfeng Sun

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng., 2020, 8, 7480
DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c02035

Agro-based micropore-structured ionic polymer sensor with enhanced ionic conduction and flexibility

Varij Panwar, Sribidhya Mohanty and Gopinathan Anoop

Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, 2021, 325, 112716
DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2021.112716

Paper-based piezoelectric sensors with an irregular porous structure constructed by scraping of 3D BaTiO3 particles/Poly(vinylidene fluoride) for micro pressure and human motion sensing

Chenxu Yu, Jiwen Xu, Ling Yang, Hua Wang, Taoliang Li, Yashuai Ye and Guanghui Rao

Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, 2023, 357, 114395
DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2023.114395

Recycled Iontronic from Discarded Chewed Gum for Personalized Healthcare Monitoring and Intelligent Information Encryption

Baochang Cheng and Peiyi Wu

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2021, 13, 6731
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c00402

Recent Advances in Multiresponsive Flexible Sensors towards E‐skin: A Delicate Design for Versatile Sensing

Wu‐Di Li, Kai Ke, Jin Jia, Jun‐Hong Pu, Xing Zhao, Rui‐Ying Bao, Zheng‐Ying Liu, Lu Bai, Kai Zhang, Ming‐Bo Yang and Wei Yang

Small, 2022, 18
DOI: 10.1002/smll.202103734

A Smart Patch with On‐Demand Detachable Adhesion for Bioelectronics

Xiaofang Shi and Peiyi Wu

Small, 2021, 17
DOI: 10.1002/smll.202101220

Tough, thermo-Responsive, biodegradable and fast self-healing polyurethane hydrogel based on microdomain-closed dynamic bonds design

Jie Wen, Zhanyu Jia, Xiaopeng Zhang, Mingwang Pan, Jinfeng Yuan and Lei Zhu

Materials Today Communications, 2020, 25, 101569
DOI: 10.1016/j.mtcomm.2020.101569

“All-in-one” hydrolyzed keratin protein-modified polyacrylamide composite hydrogel transducer

Yang Gao, Song Gu, Fei Jia, Qian Wang and Guanghui Gao

Chemical Engineering Journal, 2020, 398, 125555
DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2020.125555

Additive manufacturing of structural materials

Guo Liu, Xiaofeng Zhang, Xuliang Chen, Yunhu He, Lizi Cheng, Mengke Huo, Jianan Yin, Fengqian Hao, Siyao Chen, Peiyu Wang, Shenghui Yi, Lei Wan, Zhengyi Mao, Zhou Chen, Xu Wang, Zhaowenbo Cao and Jian Lu

Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports, 2021, 145, 100596
DOI: 10.1016/j.mser.2020.100596

Highly Stretchable, Tough, and Conductive Ag@Cu Nanocomposite Hydrogels for Flexible Wearable Sensors and Bionic Electronic Skins

Kai Chen, Yunping Hu, Mingxiang Liu, Feng Wang, Pei Liu, Yongsheng Yu, Qian Feng and Xiufeng Xiao

Macro Materials & Eng, 2021, 306
DOI: 10.1002/mame.202100341

Extrusion 3D Printing of Polymeric Materials with Advanced Properties

Zhen Jiang, Broden Diggle, Ming Li Tan, Jekaterina Viktorova, Christopher W Bennett and Luke A. Connal

Advanced Science, 2020, 7
DOI: 10.1002/advs.202001379

Biomimetic Flexible Sensors and Their Applications in Human Health Detection

Huiwen Yu, Hao Li, Xidi Sun and Lijia Pan

Biomimetics, 2023, 8, 293
DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8030293

Gel-Based Ionic Circuits

Hyunjae Yoo, Yun Hyeok Lee, Min-Gyu Lee and Jeong-Yun Sun

Chem. Rev., 2025
DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5c00245

3D-Printed Biosensor Arrays for Medical Diagnostics

Mohamed Sharafeldin, Abby Jones and James Rusling

Micromachines, 2018, 9, 394
DOI: 10.3390/mi9080394

Stimuli-responsive hydrogel actuators for skin therapeutics and beyond

Ningjie Du, Yunlong Fan, Hao Huang, Yixin Guan and Kewang Nan

Soft Sci, 2024, 4
DOI: 10.20517/ss.2024.31

Computational Design for Digitally Fabricated 3D Inductive Power Transfer Coils

Jun Xu, E. (Zjenja) L. Doubrovski, Jo M. P. Geraedts and Yu (Wolf) Song

Journal of Computing and Information Science in Engineering, 2022, 22
DOI: 10.1115/1.4053500

Bionic Fish-Scale Surface Structures Fabricated via Air/Water Interface for Flexible and Ultrasensitive Pressure Sensors

Jian Wang, Mizuki Tenjimbayashi, Yuki Tokura, Jun-Yong Park, Koki Kawase, Jiatu Li and Seimei Shiratori

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2018, 10, 30689
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b08933

Poly(sulfobetaine) versus Poly(N-isopropylmethacrylamide): Co-Nonsolvency-Type Behavior of Thin Films in a Water/Methanol Atmosphere

Lucas P. Kreuzer, Christoph Lindenmeir, Christina Geiger, Tobias Widmann, Viet Hildebrand, André Laschewsky, Christine M. Papadakis and Peter Müller-Buschbaum

Macromolecules, 2021, 54, 1548
DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02281

Novel Grasping Mechanisms of 3D‐Printed Prosthetic Hands

Hadi Moeinnia, Haotian Su and Woo Soo Kim

Advanced Intelligent Systems, 2022, 4
DOI: 10.1002/aisy.202200189

Multi-physically cross-linked hydrogels simultaneously with MPa level mechanical strengths and high equilibrium water content above 70 %

Pingping Zhang, Ning Ding, Binyang Du and Jingjing Nie

Materials Today Communications, 2022, 33, 104861
DOI: 10.1016/j.mtcomm.2022.104861

Closed-loop 4D-printed soft robots

Ali Zolfagharian, Akif Kaynak and Abbas Kouzani

Materials & Design, 2020, 188, 108411
DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2019.108411

Three-Dimensional Self-Healable Touch Sensing Artificial Skin Device

Sulbin Park, Byeong-Gwang Shin, Seongwan Jang and Kyeongwoon Chung

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2020, 12, 3953
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b19272

Inhomogeneous large deformation of magneto-thermal sensitive hydrogel-based composite structures

Jianying Hu, Han Li, Jianke Du, Zishun Liu and Erasmo Carrera

Mechanics of Advanced Materials and Structures, 2024, 31, 138
DOI: 10.1080/15376494.2023.2231442

Ultrasensitive and Stretchable Temperature Sensors Based on Thermally Stable and Self-Healing Organohydrogels

Jin Wu, Zixuan Wu, Yaoming Wei, Haojun Ding, Wenxi Huang, Xuchun Gui, Wenxiong Shi, Yan Shen, Kai Tao and Xi Xie

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2020, 12, 19069
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c04359

Direct Fabrication of VIA Interconnects by Electrohydrodynamic Printing for Multi‐Layer 3D Flexible and Stretchable Electronics

Ping Ren and Jingyan Dong

Adv Materials Technologies, 2021, 6
DOI: 10.1002/admt.202100280

Review of Bioinspired Vision-Tactile Fusion Perception (VTFP): From Humans to Humanoids

Bin He, Qihang Miao, Yanmin Zhou, Zhipeng Wang, Gang Li and Shoulin Xu

IEEE Trans. Med. Robot. Bionics, 2022, 4, 875
DOI: 10.1109/TMRB.2022.3215749

Going Beyond Traditional Applications? The Potential of Hydrogels

Zhong‐Xing Zhang, David James Young, Zibiao Li and Xian Jun Loh

Small Methods, 2019, 3
DOI: 10.1002/smtd.201800270

Wearable and Robust Polyimide Hydrogel Fiber Textiles for Strain Sensors

Mengmeng Li, Xian Chen, Xiuting Li, Jie Dong, Xin Zhao and Qinghua Zhang

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2021, 13, 43323
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c10055

Structural Electronic Skin for Conformal Tactile Sensing

Sen Li, Jiantao Huang, Meilan Wang, Ka Deng, Chenhui Guo, Bin Li, Yu Cheng, Hongyan Sun, Hong Ye, Tingrui Pan and Yu Chang

Advanced Science, 2023, 10
DOI: 10.1002/advs.202304106

Recent Progress in 3D Printed Mold-Based Sensors

Shan He, Shilun Feng, Anindya Nag, Nasrin Afsarimanesh, Tao Han and Subhas Chandra Mukhopadhyay

Sensors, 2020, 20, 703
DOI: 10.3390/s20030703

Printable Polar Silicone Elastomers for Healable Supercapacitive Strain Sensors

Johannes von Szczepanski, Ellen Roels, Gilberto Siqueira, Patrick M. Danner, Jana Wolf, Julie Legrand, Joost Brancart, Seppe Terryn, Guy van Assche, Bram Vanderborght and Dorina M. Opris

Adv Materials Technologies, 2023, 8
DOI: 10.1002/admt.202301310

Closed‐Loop Optimization of Soft Sensor Morphology Using 3D Printing of Electrically Conductive Hydrogel

Sojiro Sugiura, David Hardman, Thomas George Thuruthel, Yasuhisa Hasegawa and Fumiya Iida

Advanced Intelligent Systems, 2023, 5
DOI: 10.1002/aisy.202300152

Hydrogel‐Based Flexible Electronics

Lixuan Hu, Pei Lin Chee, Sigit Sugiarto, Yong Yu, Chuanqian Shi, Ren Yan, Zhuoqi Yao, Xuewen Shi, Jiacai Zhi, Dan Kai, Hai‐Dong Yu and Wei Huang

Advanced Materials, 2023, 35
DOI: 10.1002/adma.202205326

Ultrasensitive, Stretchable, and Fast-Response Temperature Sensors Based on Hydrogel Films for Wearable Applications

Zixuan Wu, Haojun Ding, Kai Tao, Yaoming Wei, Xuchun Gui, Wenxiong Shi, Xi Xie and Jin Wu

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2021, 13, 21854
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c05291

Fully 3D‐Printed Soft Capacitive Sensor of High Toughness and Large Measurement Range

Fei Xiao, Zhuoheng Wei, Zhipeng Xu, Hao Wang, Jisen Li and Jian Zhu

Advanced Science, 2025, 12
DOI: 10.1002/advs.202410284

Superior sensitive, high-tensile flexible fabric film strain sensor

Xin Wang, Xianhu Liu, Xiao Ge and Dirk W. Schubert

Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2023, 172, 107610
DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2023.107610

Mechanical Behaviour, Contact Pose Estimation, and Finite Element Analysis of Vision Based Tactile Sensors Fabricated by Molding and Direct Ink Writing: A Comparative Study

Abdullah Solayman, Mohamad Halwani, Islam Mohamed Zaid, Rohan B. Ambade, Rui Chang, Abdulla Ayyad, Fahad AlMaskari, Yahya Zweiri and Yarjan Abdul Samad

Adv Eng Mater, 2024, 26
DOI: 10.1002/adem.202400630

Exploring recent advancements and future prospects on coordination self-assembly of the regulated lanthanide-doped luminescent supramolecular hydrogels

Farid Ahmed, Muhammad Muzammal Hussain, Waheed Ullah Khan and Hai Xiong

Coordination Chemistry Reviews, 2024, 499, 215486
DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2023.215486

Recent advances in stimuli-responsive materials for intelligent electronics

Siyao Chen, Hongqiu Wei, Cheng Lin, Hanxing Zhao, Chaoqun Dong and Xue Wan

Materials Today Electronics, 2025, 12, 100152
DOI: 10.1016/j.mtelec.2025.100152

Tough and Conductive Hybrid Hydrogels Enabling Facile Patterning

Fengbo Zhu, Ji Lin, Zi Liang Wu, Shaoxing Qu, Jun Yin, Jin Qian and Qiang Zheng

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2018, 10, 13685
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b01873

On the Evolution of Additive Manufacturing (3D/4D Printing) Technologies: Materials, Applications, and Challenges

Ayyaz Mahmood, Tehmina Akram, Huafu Chen and Shenggui Chen

Polymers, 2022, 14, 4698
DOI: 10.3390/polym14214698

Plant-inspired conductive adhesive organohydrogel with extreme environmental tolerance as a wearable dressing for multifunctional sensors

Zuwu Tang, Shuai Bian, Jingjing Wei, He Xiao, Min Zhang, Kai Liu, Liulian Huang, Lihui Chen, Yonghao Ni and Hui Wu

Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 2022, 215, 112509
DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112509

Recent Advances of 4D Printing Technologies Toward Soft Tactile Sensors

Yuneng Tang, Baiqian Dai, Bin Su and Yusheng Shi

Front. Mater., 2021, 8
DOI: 10.3389/fmats.2021.658046

Self-Recovery, Fatigue-Resistant, and Multifunctional Sensor Assembled by a Nanocellulose/Carbon Nanotube Nanocomplex-Mediated Hydrogel

Ya Lu, Yiying Yue, Qinqin Ding, Changtong Mei, Xinwu Xu, Qinglin Wu, Huining Xiao and Jingquan Han

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2021, 13, 50281
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c16828

Hybrid Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) Incorporated Thermogelling System for Effective Liver Cancer Treatment

Panqin Ma, Lu Jiang, Xi Luo, Jiayun Chen, Qi Wang, Ying Chen, Enyi Ye, Xian Jun Loh, Caisheng Wu, Yun-Long Wu and Zibiao Li

Pharmaceutics, 2022, 14, 2623
DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122623

Hydrogel soft robotics

Y. Lee, W.J. Song and J.-Y. Sun

Materials Today Physics, 2020, 15, 100258
DOI: 10.1016/j.mtphys.2020.100258

Direct Ink Writing Based 4D Printing of Materials and Their Applications

Xue Wan, Lan Luo, Yanju Liu and Jinsong Leng

Advanced Science, 2020, 7
DOI: 10.1002/advs.202001000

Recent Progress in Active Mechanical Metamaterials and Construction Principles

Jixiang Qi, Zihao Chen, Peng Jiang, Wenxia Hu, Yonghuan Wang, Zeang Zhao, Xiaofei Cao, Shushan Zhang, Ran Tao, Ying Li and Daining Fang

Advanced Science, 2022, 9
DOI: 10.1002/advs.202102662

A Multifunctional Flexible Tactile Sensor Based on Resistive Effect for Simultaneous Sensing of Pressure and Temperature

Haodong Zhu, Hongyu Luo, Min Cai and Jizhou Song

Advanced Science, 2024, 11
DOI: 10.1002/advs.202307693

Design and fabrication of collapsible 3D-printed monoliths and their potential applications as temperature indicator and thermos-responsive releasing carrier

Fatemeh Ranjbar, Amir Masood Rezadoust and Samahe Sadjadi

Prog Addit Manuf, 2025, 10, 6907
DOI: 10.1007/s40964-025-01016-5

Bioinspired electrically conductive hydrogels: Rational engineering for next-generation flexible mechanosensors

Bohui Zheng, Hongwei Zhou, Guoxu Zhao, Kexuan Wang, Ping Wu, Hanbin Liu, Peng Wang, Yao Yao and Feng Xu

Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports, 2025, 166, 101080
DOI: 10.1016/j.mser.2025.101080

Ultrastretchable and Stable Strain Sensors Based on Antifreezing and Self-Healing Ionic Organohydrogels for Human Motion Monitoring

Jin Wu, Zixuan Wu, Xing Lu, Songjia Han, Bo-Ru Yang, Xuchun Gui, Kai Tao, Jianmin Miao and Chuan Liu

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2019, 11, 9405
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b20267

Hydrogel ionotronics

Canhui Yang and Zhigang Suo

Nat Rev Mater, 2018, 3, 125
DOI: 10.1038/s41578-018-0018-7

A multifunctional and sustainable poly(ionic liquid)-quaternized chitosan hydrogel with thermal-triggered reversible adhesion

Tenghe Zhang, Yingying Guo, Yu Chen, Xu Peng, Sara Toufouki and Shun Yao

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2023, 242, 125198
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125198

A Review of Printable Flexible and Stretchable Tactile Sensors

Kirthika Senthil Kumar, Po-Yen Chen and Hongliang Ren

Research, 2019, 2019
DOI: 10.34133/2019/3018568

3D printing of stimuli-responsive hydrogel materials: Literature review and emerging applications

Zia Ullah Arif, Muhammad Yasir Khalid, Ali Tariq, Mokarram Hossain and Rehan Umer

Giant, 2024, 17, 100209
DOI: 10.1016/j.giant.2023.100209

Polyvinyl Alcohol/Silk Fibroin/Borax Hydrogel Ionotronics: A Highly Stretchable, Self-Healable, and Biocompatible Sensing Platform

Ningning Yang, Ping Qi, Jing Ren, Haipeng Yu, Shouxin Liu, Jian Li, Wenshuai Chen, David L. Kaplan and Shengjie Ling

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2019, 11, 23632
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b06920

Multifunctional and High-Sensitive Sensor Capable of Detecting Humidity, Temperature, and Flow Stimuli Using an Integrated Microheater

Jin Wu, Zixuan Wu, Haojun Ding, Yaoming Wei, Xing Yang, Zhenyi Li, Bo-Ru Yang, Chuan Liu, Lin Qiu and Xiaotian Wang

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2019, 11, 43383
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b16336

Double‐Sided Bifunctional Blue‐Green Light Photodetector Based on Liquid Crystalline Polymer for Light Positioning and Health Monitoring

Zhefeng Liu, Rui Wang, Jianing Han, Tianhao Chen, Zichao Deng, Yalan Sun, Yongbin Zhao and Aihua Chen

Adv Funct Materials, 2025, 35
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202424645

Soft, conformal tissue–electrode interfaces for bioelectronic devices: material, fabrication strategies, and applications

Sungeun Kim, Kyung Su Kim and Jahyun Koo

Biomed. Eng. Lett., 2025
DOI: 10.1007/s13534-025-00491-7

Three-Dimensional Printing Strategies for Enhanced Hydrogel Applications

Hossein Omidian and Kwadwo Mfoafo

Gels, 2024, 10, 220
DOI: 10.3390/gels10040220

Design of AI-Enhanced and Hardware-Supported Multimodal E-Skin for Environmental Object Recognition and Wireless Toxic Gas Alarm

Jianye Li, Hao Wang, Yibing Luo, Zijing Zhou, He Zhang, Huizhi Chen, Kai Tao, Chuan Liu, Lingxing Zeng, Fengwei Huo and Jin Wu

Nano-Micro Lett., 2024, 16
DOI: 10.1007/s40820-024-01466-6

3D Printed Piezoelectric Wound Dressing with Dual Piezoelectric Response Models for Scar-Prevention Wound Healing

Jiachen Liang, Huajing Zeng, Liang Qiao, Hong Jiang, Qian Ye, Zhilong Wang, Bin Liu and Zengjie Fan

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2022, 14, 30507
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c04168

A Microphase‐Separated Design toward an All‐Round Ionic Hydrogel with Discriminable and Anti‐Disturbance Multisensory Functions

Xue Liu, Xinyi Ji, Rongjie Zhu, Jianfeng Gu and Jiajie Liang

Advanced Materials, 2024, 36
DOI: 10.1002/adma.202309508

Additively fabricated on-skin sensors for mechanical and thermal biosignal monitoring

Mika-Matti Laurila

Flex. Print. Electron., 2023, 8, 033002
DOI: 10.1088/2058-8585/acdca1

Significant Stretchability Enhancement of a Crack-Based Strain Sensor Combined with High Sensitivity and Superior Durability for Motion Monitoring

Yujie Zhou, Pengfei Zhan, Miaoning Ren, Guoqiang Zheng, Kun Dai, Liwei Mi, Chuntai Liu and Changyu Shen

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2019, 11, 7405
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b20768

Direct Ink Writing: A 3D Printing Technology for Diverse Materials

M. A. S. R. Saadi, Alianna Maguire, Neethu T. Pottackal, Md Shajedul Hoque Thakur, Maruf Md. Ikram, A. John Hart, Pulickel M. Ajayan and Muhammad M. Rahman

Advanced Materials, 2022, 34
DOI: 10.1002/adma.202108855

Recent Progress on Wearable Sensor based on Nanocomposite Hydrogel

Ke Xu and Changtong Wang

CNANO, 2024, 20, 132
DOI: 10.2174/1573413719666230217141149

Smart and Biomimetic 3D and 4D Printed Composite Hydrogels: Opportunities for Different Biomedical Applications

Samira Malekmohammadi, Negar Sedghi Aminabad, Amin Sabzi, Amir Zarebkohan, Mehdi Razavi, Massoud Vosough, Mahdi Bodaghi and Hajar Maleki

Biomedicines, 2021, 9, 1537
DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111537

Recent Progress in Biomimetic Additive Manufacturing Technology: From Materials to Functional Structures

Yang Yang, Xuan Song, Xiangjia Li, Zeyu Chen, Chi Zhou, Qifa Zhou and Yong Chen

Advanced Materials, 2018, 30
DOI: 10.1002/adma.201706539

3D Printable Sensorized Soft Gelatin Hydrogel for Multi-Material Soft Structures

David Hardman, Josie Hughes, Thomas George Thuruthel, Kieran Gilday and Fumiya Iida

IEEE Robot. Autom. Lett., 2021, 6, 5269
DOI: 10.1109/LRA.2021.3072600

Hydrophobic association hydrogel with toughness, high stretch, and sensitivity for flexible sensing

Qicong Shu, Yizhong Yuan, Jinyu Sun, Yao Zhang, Huimei Yu, Xiaohui Tian and Chunhua Cai

J of Applied Polymer Sci, 2025, 142
DOI: 10.1002/app.56348

Highly conductive organic-ionogels with excellent hydrophobicity and flame resistance

Yiyang Gao, Jiajun Guo, Jing Chen, Guoxin Yang, Lei Shi, Shiyao Lu, Hu Wu, Heng Mao, Xinyu Da, Guoxin Gao and Shujiang Ding

Chemical Engineering Journal, 2022, 427, 131057
DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2021.131057

Writable Three-Dimensional Printed Hydrogels Derived from Bingham Fluid Theory for Designable Sensors

Jinnuo Liu, Zhe Yu, Bo Liu, Li Liu, Yang Gao, Zhenyu Li and Xiuyan Ren

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater., 2024, 6, 9420
DOI: 10.1021/acsapm.4c00772

Dual Cross-Linked Ion-Based Temperature-Responsive Conductive Hydrogels with Multiple Sensors and Steady Electrocardiogram Monitoring

Yun Tan, Yuyuan Zhang, Yanjing Zhang, Jun Zheng, Huiqiong Wu, Yang Chen, Shimei Xu, Junliang Yang, Chuntai Liu and Yi Zhang

Chem. Mater., 2020, 32, 7670
DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.0c01589

3D Printing of Hydrogels for Stretchable Ionotronic Devices

Gang Ge, Qian Wang, Yi‐Zhou Zhang, Husam N. Alshareef and Xiaochen Dong

Adv Funct Materials, 2021, 31
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202107437

A library of thermoresponsive PEG‐based methacrylate homopolymers: How do the molar mass and number of ethylene glycol groups affect the cloud point?

Qian Li, Anna P. Constantinou and Theoni K. Georgiou

Journal of Polymer Science, 2021, 59, 230
DOI: 10.1002/pol.20200720

4D printed thermally activated self-healing and shape memory polycaprolactone-based polymers

Marta Invernizzi, Stefano Turri, Marinella Levi and Raffaella Suriano

European Polymer Journal, 2018, 101, 169
DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.02.023

Design of injectable agar/NaCl/polyacrylamide ionic hydrogels for high performance strain sensors

Wenwen Hou, Nannan Sheng, Xiaohui Zhang, Zhaohui Luan, Pengfei Qi, Min Lin, Yeqiang Tan, Yanzhi Xia, Yanhui Li and Kunyan Sui

Carbohydrate Polymers, 2019, 211, 322
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.01.094

Fabrication of poly (N-vinylcaprolactam-co-acrylic acid)-silver nanoparticles composite microgel with substantial potential of hydrogen peroxide sensing and catalyzing the reduction of water pollutants

Jaweria Ambreen, Fatemah.F. Al-Harbi, Hina Sakhawat, Muhammad Ajmal, Hina Naeem, Zahoor H. Farooqi, Nayab Batool and Muhammad Siddiq

Journal of Molecular Liquids, 2022, 355, 118931
DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.118931

Thermoresponsive hydrogel artificial muscles

Xi Zhang, Shazed Aziz, Bidita Salahuddin and Zhonghua Zhu

Matter, 2023, 6, 2735
DOI: 10.1016/j.matt.2023.05.030

Self-Powered Pressure- and Vibration-Sensitive Tactile Sensors for Learning Technique-Based Neural Finger Skin

Sungwoo Chun, Wonkyeong Son, Haeyeon Kim, Sang Kyoo Lim, Changhyun Pang and Changsoon Choi

Nano Lett., 2019, 19, 3305
DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b00922

Redox‐Active Iron‐Citrate Complex Regulated Robust Coating‐Free Hydrogel Microfiber Net with High Environmental Tolerance and Sensitivity

Min Ju, Baohu Wu, Shengtong Sun and Peiyi Wu

Adv Funct Materials, 2020, 30
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201910387

3D Printing of Conductive Hydrogel–Elastomer Hybrids for Stretchable Electronics

Heng Zhu, Xiaocheng Hu, Binhong Liu, Zhe Chen and Shaoxing Qu

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2021, 13, 59243
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c17526

3D printing applications of thermo-responsive functional materials: A review

Nishant Ranjan, Rashi Tyagi, Ranvijay Kumar and Atul Babbar

Advances in Materials and Processing Technologies, 2023, 1
DOI: 10.1080/2374068X.2023.2205669

An environment-stable hydrogel with skin-matchable performance for human-machine interface

Yang Gao, Yuanrui Wang, Shan Xia and Guanghui Gao

Sci. China Mater., 2021, 64, 2313
DOI: 10.1007/s40843-020-1624-y

Highly Stretchable, Adhesive, and Mechanical Zwitterionic Nanocomposite Hydrogel Biomimetic Skin

Bowen Yang and Weizhong Yuan

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2019, 11, 40620
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b14040

A tough hydrogel with fast self-healing and adhesive performance for wearable sensors

Chunyin Lu, Jianhui Qiu, Wei Zhao, Eiichi Sakai and Guohong Zhang

Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 2022, 632, 127793
DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.127793

Microstructured biphasic hydrogels for highly sensitive and asymmetric sensors with temperature‐dependent sensitivity

Tenglong Gao, Xin Gao, Tuoqi Li and Jiuyang Zhang

Journal of Polymer Science, 2022, 60, 2701
DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210720

Stimuli-responsive hydrogels based on protein/peptide and their sensing applications

Fangyuan Zhao, Mingzhu Liu, Hui Guo, Yao Wang, Yuqi Zhang, Mingxin He and Zhongyu Cai

Progress in Materials Science, 2025, 148, 101355
DOI: 10.1016/j.pmatsci.2024.101355

Freezing-Tolerant Supramolecular Organohydrogel with High Toughness, Thermoplasticity, and Healable and Adhesive Properties

Zhihui Qin, Dianyu Dong, Mengmeng Yao, Qingyu Yu, Xia Sun, Qi Guo, Haitao Zhang, Fanglian Yao and Junjie Li

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2019, 11, 21184
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b05652

Skin-Inspired Multifunctional Luminescent Hydrogel Containing Layered Rare-Earth Hydroxide with 3D Printability for Human Motion Sensing

Yuanyuan Ren and Jiachun Feng

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2020, 12, 6797
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b17371

A synergistic enhancement strategy for mechanical and conductive properties of hydrogels with dual ionically cross-linked κ-carrageenan/poly(sodium acrylate-co-acrylamide) network

Ku Shu, Ye-Xiong Huang, Jia-Bing Yu, Xuan Yang, Mei-Dan Luo and Xian-Ping Chen

Carbohydrate Polymers, 2024, 346, 122638
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122638

Preparation of Succinoglycan Hydrogel Coordinated With Fe3+ Ions for Controlled Drug Delivery

Yiluo Hu, Daham Jeong, Yohan Kim, Seonmok Kim and Seunho Jung

Polymers, 2020, 12, 977
DOI: 10.3390/polym12040977

Recent Advances in Wearable Optical Sensor Automation Powered by Battery versus Skin-like Battery-Free Devices for Personal Healthcare—A Review

Nikolay L. Kazanskiy, Muhammad A. Butt and Svetlana N. Khonina

Nanomaterials, 2022, 12, 334
DOI: 10.3390/nano12030334

Strong and tough PVA/PAA hydrogel fiber with highly strain sensitivity enabled by coating MWCNTs

Lu Wu, Longwei Li, Mingshuai Fan, Ping Tang, Shuaitao Yang, Lujun Pan, Hai Wang and Yuezhen Bin

Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2020, 138, 106050
DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2020.106050

Preparation and characterization of mechanically robust and thermo-responsive hydrogel inspired by spring-like structure

Wenhao Du, Zhixin Zhao, Minghua Zhang, Xiancai Jiang and Xi Zhang

Polymer, 2021, 231, 124124
DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.124124

Advancements in Soft Robotics: A Comprehensive Review on Actuation Methods, Materials, and Applications

Yanmei Wang, Yanen Wang, Ray Tahir Mushtaq and Qinghua Wei

Polymers, 2024, 16, 1087
DOI: 10.3390/polym16081087

Emerging Applications of Additive Manufacturing in Biosensors and Bioanalytical Devices

Xiaofan Ruan, Yijia Wang, Nan Cheng, Xiangheng Niu, Yu‐Chung Chang, Lei Li, Dan Du and Yuehe Lin

Adv Materials Technologies, 2020, 5
DOI: 10.1002/admt.202000171

An environment-stable and tough wearable sensor enabled by xanthan gum-assisted hydrogel

Yajun Wang, Yiyan Gao, Kai Shi and Guanghui Gao

Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part A, 2024, 61, 398
DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2024.2341764

Broad-Range Supersensitive and Transparent Patterned Hydrogel-Based Pressure Sensor with Long-Term Stability

Byeong Su Kang, Seung Eon Moon, Jeong Hun Kim and Seong Min Kang

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater., 2025, 7, 1012
DOI: 10.1021/acsapm.4c03561

A supramolecular biomimetic skin combining a wide spectrum of mechanical properties and multiple sensory capabilities

Zhouyue Lei and Peiyi Wu

Nat Commun, 2018, 9
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03456-w

Emerging Technologies of Flexible Pressure Sensors: Materials, Modeling, Devices, and Manufacturing

Yan Huang, Xiangyu Fan, Shih‐Chi Chen and Ni Zhao

Adv Funct Materials, 2019, 29
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201808509

Temperature and Strain Compensation for Flexible Sensors Based on Thermosensation

Liangqi Wang, Rong Zhu and Guozhen Li

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2020, 12, 1953
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b21474

Zwitterionic Hydrogel Electrolyte with Tunable Mechanical and Electrochemical Properties for a Wearable Motion and Thermal Sensor

Chen Liu, Fang Li, Guanjun Li, Peifang Li, Ankang Hu, Zeyu Cui, Zhenhua Cong and Jian Niu

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2022, 14, 9608
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c23810

Recent advances of additively manufactured noninvasive kinematic biosensors

Jeonghoon Lee, Sangmin Park, Jaehoon Lee, Namjung Kim and Min Ku Kim

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol., 2023, 11
DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1303004

Thermoresponsive, magnetic, adhesive and conductive nanocomposite hydrogels for wireless and non-contact flexible sensors

Hongwei Zhou, Zhaoyang Jin, Yang Gao, Ping Wu, Jialiang Lai, Shuangli Li, Xilang Jin, Hanbin Liu, Weixing Chen, Yuanpeng Wu and Aijie Ma

Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 2022, 636, 128113
DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.128113

Highly Transparent, Self-Healable, and Adhesive Organogels for Bio-Inspired Intelligent Ionic Skins

Zhixing Zhang, Ling Wang, Huitao Yu, Fei Zhang, Lin Tang, Yiyu Feng and Wei Feng

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2020, 12, 15657
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b22707

Additive Manufacturing of Sensors: A Comprehensive Review

Md Jarir Hossain, Bahareh Tavousi Tabatabaei, Mazen Kiki and Jae-Won Choi

Int. J. of Precis. Eng. and Manuf.-Green Tech., 2025, 12, 277
DOI: 10.1007/s40684-024-00629-5

High-performance multifunctional piezoresistive/piezoelectric pressure sensor with thermochromic function for wearable monitoring

Chenxu Yu, Kai Liu, Jiwen Xu, Mao Ye, Tao Yang, Tianpeng Qi, Yiming Zhang, Huarui Xu and Haibo Zhang

Chemical Engineering Journal, 2023, 459, 141648
DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2023.141648

Noninterference Wearable Strain Sensor: Near-Zero Temperature Coefficient of Resistance Nanoparticle Arrays with Thermal Expansion and Transport Engineering

Taesung Park, Ho Kun Woo, Byung Ku Jung, Byeonghak Park, Junsung Bang, Woosik Kim, Sanghyun Jeon, Junhyuk Ahn, Yunheum Lee, Yong Min Lee, Tae-il Kim and Soong Ju Oh

ACS Nano, 2021, 15, 8120
DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c09835

Ion‐Conducting Hydrogels and Their Applications in Bioelectronics

Harika Dechiraju, Manping Jia, Le Luo and Marco Rolandi

Advanced Sustainable Systems, 2022, 6
DOI: 10.1002/adsu.202100173

Chitosan-Based Hydrogels for Bioelectronic Sensing: Recent Advances and Applications in Biomedicine and Food Safety

Si Wu, Shijing Wu, Xinyue Zhang, Tao Feng and Long Wu

Biosensors, 2023, 13, 93
DOI: 10.3390/bios13010093

Hydrogels for bioinspired soft robots

Chang Seo Park, Yong-Woo Kang, Hyeonuk Na and Jeong-Yun Sun

Progress in Polymer Science, 2024, 150, 101791
DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2024.101791

The 3D Bioprinted Scaffolds for Wound Healing

Pablo Edmundo Antezana, Sofia Municoy, María Inés Álvarez-Echazú, Pablo Luis Santo-Orihuela, Paolo Nicolás Catalano, Taleb H. Al-Tel, Firoz Babu Kadumudi, Alireza Dolatshahi-Pirouz, Gorka Orive and Martin Federico Desimone

Pharmaceutics, 2022, 14, 464
DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020464

Self-Repairing, Large Linear Working Range Shape Memory Carbon Nanotubes/Ethylene Vinyl Acetate Fiber Strain Sensor for Human Movement Monitoring

Zhao Li, Xiaoming Qi, Lu Xu, Haohao Lu, Wenjun Wang, Xiaoxiong Jin, Zahidul Islam Md, Yaofeng Zhu, Yaqin Fu, Qingqing Ni and Yubing Dong

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2020, 12, 42179
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c12425

Highly Stretchable and Transparent Double-Network Hydrogel Ionic Conductors as Flexible Thermal–Mechanical Dual Sensors and Electroluminescent Devices

Bowen Yang and Weizhong Yuan

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2019, 11, 16765
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b01989

Variable Stiffness Conductive Composites by 4D Printing Dual Materials Alternately

Fei Long, Gaojie Xu, Jing Wang, Yong Ren and Yuchuan Cheng

Micromachines, 2022, 13, 1343
DOI: 10.3390/mi13081343

Stimuli‐Responsive Peptide Self‐Assembly to Construct Hydrogels with Actuation and Shape Memory Behaviors

Yanxin Xiang, Can Liu, Shinan Ma, Xiaoting Wang, Linyong Zhu and Chunyan Bao

Adv Funct Materials, 2023, 33
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202300416

Skin-like hydrogel devices for wearable sensing, soft robotics and beyond

Binbin Ying and Xinyu Liu

iScience, 2021, 24, 103174
DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103174

Stretchable and Soft Organic–Ionic Devices for Body‐Integrated Electronic Systems

Young Jin Jo, Jehyung Ok, Soo Young Kim and Tae‐il Kim

Adv Materials Technologies, 2022, 7
DOI: 10.1002/admt.202001273

3D Printing Technologies for Flexible Tactile Sensors toward Wearable Electronics and Electronic Skin

Changyong Liu, Ninggui Huang, Feng Xu, Junda Tong, Zhangwei Chen, Xuchun Gui, Yuelong Fu and Changshi Lao

Polymers, 2018, 10, 629
DOI: 10.3390/polym10060629

Towards ultra-responsive biodegradable polysaccharide humidity sensors

Ioannis L. Liakos, Alessio Mondini, Carlo Filippeschi, Virgilio Mattoli, Francesca Tramacere and Barbara Mazzolai

Materials Today Chemistry, 2017, 6, 1
DOI: 10.1016/j.mtchem.2017.08.001

Bio-Integrated Wearable Systems: A Comprehensive Review

Tyler R. Ray, Jungil Choi, Amay J. Bandodkar, Siddharth Krishnan, Philipp Gutruf, Limei Tian, Roozbeh Ghaffari and John A. Rogers

Chem. Rev., 2019, 119, 5461
DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00573

An All-Silk-Derived Dual-Mode E-skin for Simultaneous Temperature–Pressure Detection

Chunya Wang, Kailun Xia, Mingchao Zhang, Muqiang Jian and Yingying Zhang

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2017, 9, 39484
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b13356

Recent Advances in the 3D Printing of Conductive Hydrogels for Sensor Applications: A Review

Xiaoxu Liang, Minghui Zhang, Cheong-Meng Chong, Danlei Lin, Shiji Chen, Yumiao Zhen, Hongyao Ding and Hai-Jing Zhong

Polymers, 2024, 16, 2131
DOI: 10.3390/polym16152131

Three-Dimensional Printing of Hydrogels for Flexible Sensors: A Review

Suhail Ayoub Khan, Hamza Ahmad, Guoyin Zhu, Huan Pang and Yizhou Zhang

Gels, 2024, 10, 187
DOI: 10.3390/gels10030187

Multifunctional conductive hydrogel-based flexible wearable sensors

Lirong Wang, Tailin Xu and Xueji Zhang

TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry, 2021, 134, 116130
DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2020.116130

3D printing of flexible strain sensor based on MWCNTs/flexible resin composite

Dezhi Bai, Fuxi Liu, Deqiao Xie, Fei Lv, Lida Shen and Zongjun Tian

Nanotechnology, 2023, 34, 045701
DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac9c0b

Hydrogel Fibers‐Based Biointerfacing

Xingmei Chen, Yinghui Feng, Pei Zhang, Zhipeng Ni, Yu Xue and Ji Liu

Advanced Materials, 2025, 37
DOI: 10.1002/adma.202413476

Conductive Self-Healing Nanocomposite Hydrogel Skin Sensors with Antifreezing and Thermoresponsive Properties

Peiling Wei, Tao Chen, Guoyin Chen, Hongmei Liu, Innocent Tendo Mugaanire, Kai Hou and Meifang Zhu

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2020, 12, 3068
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b20254

Emerging Technologies in Multi‐Material Bioprinting

Hossein Ravanbakhsh, Vahid Karamzadeh, Guangyu Bao, Luc Mongeau, David Juncker and Yu Shrike Zhang

Advanced Materials, 2021, 33
DOI: 10.1002/adma.202104730

Preparation and characterization of rapid temperature responsive cationic comb-type grafted POE-POP based hydrogel as prospective excellent actuators/sensors

Ahmet Erdem

Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 2020, 607, 125523
DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.125523

A biomimetic skin-like sensor with multiple sensory capabilities based on hybrid ionogel

Marouen Zammali, Sijun Liu and Wei Yu

Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, 2021, 330, 112855
DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2021.112855

Hydrogel Actuators and Sensors for Biomedical Soft Robots: Brief Overview with Impending Challenges

Hritwick Banerjee, Mohamed Suhail and Hongliang Ren

Biomimetics, 2018, 3, 15
DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics3030015

Advanced Polymer Designs for Direct‐Ink‐Write 3D Printing

Longyu Li, Qianming Lin, Miao Tang, Andrew J. E. Duncan and Chenfeng Ke

Chemistry A European J, 2019, 25, 10768
DOI: 10.1002/chem.201900975

Macroscopic Self-Assembly of Gel-Based Microfibers toward Functional Nonwoven Fabrics

Ji-Dong Liu, Xiang-Yun Du, Lu-Wei Hao, Qing Li and Su Chen

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2020, 12, 50823
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c14421

Progress in 4D printing of stimuli responsive materials

Jigar Patdiya and Balasubramanian Kandasubramanian

Polymer-Plastics Technology and Materials, 2021, 60, 1845
DOI: 10.1080/25740881.2021.1934016

A Review on Thermal Properties of Hydrogels for Electronic Devices Applications

Fei Xin and Qiang Lyu

Gels, 2022, 9, 7
DOI: 10.3390/gels9010007

Zwitterionic Skins with a Wide Scope of Customizable Functionalities

Zhouyue Lei and Peiyi Wu

ACS Nano, 2018, 12, 12860
DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b08062

A Zwitterionic-Aromatic Motif-Based ionic skin for highly biocompatible and Glucose-Responsive sensor

Hongshuang Guo, Ming Bai, Chiyu Wen, Min Liu, Shu Tian, Sijia Xu, Xinmeng Liu, Yiming Ma, Pengguang Chen, Qingsi Li, Xiangyu Zhang, Jing Yang and Lei Zhang

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 2021, 600, 561
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.05.012

A new flexible zinc-ion capacitor based on δ-MnO2@Carbon cloth battery-type cathode and MXene@Cotton cloth capacitor-type anode

Junjie Shi, Siliang Wang, Qiang Wang, Xing Chen, Xiaoyu Du, Min Wang, Yanjie Zhao, Chen Dong, Limin Ruan and Wei Zeng

Journal of Power Sources, 2020, 446, 227345
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2019.227345

3D Printed Ultrastretchable, Hyper-Antifreezing Conductive Hydrogel for Sensitive Motion and Electrophysiological Signal Monitoring

Zhaolong Wang, Lei Chen, Yiqin Chen, Peng Liu, Huigao Duan and Ping Cheng

Research, 2020, 2020
DOI: 10.34133/2020/1426078

Stretchable and conductive physical eutectogel based on type IV deep eutectic solvent through cation-bridging

Wun-Jhe Huang, Trung Hieu Vo, Yu-Jane Sheng and Heng-Kwong Tsao

Journal of Molecular Liquids, 2024, 396, 124011
DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2024.124011

Flame-Retardant and Sustainable Silk Ionotronic Skin for Fire Alarm Systems

Qiang Liu, Shuo Yang, Jing Ren and Shengjie Ling

ACS Materials Lett., 2020, 2, 712
DOI: 10.1021/acsmaterialslett.0c00062

Multimaterial 3D printing of self-assembling smart thermo-responsive polymers into 4D printed objects: A review

Mahdiyar Shahbazi, Henry Jäger, Rammile Ettelaie, Adeleh Mohammadi and Peyman Asghartabar Kashi

Additive Manufacturing, 2023, 71, 103598
DOI: 10.1016/j.addma.2023.103598

Flexible pressure and temperature sensors towards e-skin: material, mechanism, structure and fabrication

Shengrui Tian, Yilin Wang, Haitao Deng, Yan Wang and Xiaosheng Zhang

Soft Sci, 2023, 3
DOI: 10.20517/ss.2023.21

3D-Printed Superhydrophobic and Magnetic Device That Can Self-Powered Sense A Tiny Droplet Impact

Xuan Zhang, Qi Wang, Ruiping Zou, Bo Song, Chunze Yan, Yusheng Shi and Bin Su

Engineering, 2022, 15, 196
DOI: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.04.009

Research Progress on Hydrogel–Elastomer Adhesion

Lirong Meng, Jiang He and Caofeng Pan

Materials, 2022, 15, 2548
DOI: 10.3390/ma15072548

Reprocessable 3D-Printed Conductive Elastomeric Composite Foams for Strain and Gas Sensing

Peiran Wei, Houming Leng, Qiyi Chen, Rigoberto C. Advincula and Emily B. Pentzer

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater., 2019, 1, 885
DOI: 10.1021/acsapm.9b00118

Development of conductive hydrogels: from design mechanisms to frontier applications

Yang Hong, Zening Lin, Zirong Luo, Tao Jiang, Jianzhong Shang and Yun Yang

Bio-des. Manuf., 2022, 5, 729
DOI: 10.1007/s42242-022-00208-0

A numerical model for chemo-thermo-mechanical coupling at large strains with an application to thermoresponsive hydrogels

Florian Brunner, Tristan Seidlhofer and Manfred H. Ulz

Comput Mech, 2024, 74, 509
DOI: 10.1007/s00466-024-02443-x

Photo‐Switchable Supercapacitors based on Photo‐Responsive Azopolymers: Enabling Dual‐Functionality in Tunable High Capacitance and Low Self‐Discharge

Younghoon Kim, Hyunwoo Bark, Adit Gupta, Yufei Zhang, Jinpyo Lee and Pooi See Lee

Advanced Energy Materials, 2025, 15
DOI: 10.1002/aenm.202405480

Smart polymers and nanocomposites for 3D and 4D printing

Mojtaba Falahati, Parvaneh Ahmadvand, Shahriar Safaee, Yu-Chung Chang, Zhaoyuan Lyu, Roland Chen, Lei Li and Yuehe Lin

Materials Today, 2020, 40, 215
DOI: 10.1016/j.mattod.2020.06.001

Balancing the Overall Performance of Poly(vinyl alcohol)/MXene Composite Organohydrogels for Flexible Strain Sensors

Chenguang Jiang, Wenyuan Xie and Defeng Wu

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater., 2023, 5, 370
DOI: 10.1021/acsapm.2c01546

3D‐Printed Functional Polymers and Nanocomposites: Defects Characterization and Product Quality Improvement

Oluwaseun A. Alo, David Mauchline and Iyiola O. Otunniyi

Adv Eng Mater, 2022, 24
DOI: 10.1002/adem.202101219

Multifunctional flexible polyvinyl alcohol nanocomposite hydrogel for stress and strain sensor

Zhengqiang Guo, Zheng Liu, Wangyu Liu, Aimin Tang, Wenjin Chen and Shijie Luo

J Nanopart Res, 2021, 23
DOI: 10.1007/s11051-021-05333-y

Fabrication and performance of capacitive humidity and strain sensors that incorporate 3D-printed nanocomposite electrodes

Stefanos Matsalis, George Paterakis, Nikos Koutroumanis, George Anagnostopoulos and Costas Galiotis

Sensors International, 2024, 5, 100272
DOI: 10.1016/j.sintl.2023.100272

Preparation of Ion Composite Photosensitive Resin and Its Application in 3D-Printing Highly Sensitive Pressure Sensor

Tong Guan, Huayang Li, Jinyun Liu, Wuxu Zhang, Siying Wang, Wentao Ye, Baoru Bian, Xiaohui Yi, Yuanzhao Wu, Yiwei Liu, Juan Du, Jie Shang and Run-Wei Li

Sensors, 2025, 25, 1348
DOI: 10.3390/s25051348

Recent Advances in Wearable Thermal Devices for Virtual and Augmented Reality

Minsu Park

Micromachines, 2025, 16, 383
DOI: 10.3390/mi16040383

A Breathable, Stretchable, and Self‐Calibrated Multimodal Electronic Skin Based on Hydrogel Microstructures for Wireless Wearables

Weiyan Wang, Dijie Yao, Hao Wang, Qiongling Ding, Yibing Luo, Haojun Ding, Jiahao Yu, He Zhang, Kai Tao, Sheng Zhang, Fengwei Huo and Jin Wu

Adv Funct Materials, 2024, 34
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202316339

4D Printing of Physical Stimuli-Responsive Hydrogels for Localized Drug Delivery and Tissue Engineering

Alireza Sadraei and Seyed Morteza Naghib

Polymer Reviews, 2025, 65, 104
DOI: 10.1080/15583724.2024.2427184

Hydrogel and Machine Learning for Soft Robots’ Sensing and Signal Processing: A Review

Shuyu Wang and Zhaojia Sun

J Bionic Eng, 2023, 20, 845
DOI: 10.1007/s42235-022-00320-y

Construction of Wearable Touch Sensors by Mimicking the Properties of Materials and Structures in Nature

Baojun Geng, Henglin Zeng, Hua Luo and Xiaodong Wu

Biomimetics, 2023, 8, 372
DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8040372

Thermal and light-driven soft actuators based on a conductive polypyrrole nanofibers integrated poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) hydrogel with intelligent response

Lingke Liu, Yueqin Li, Zichun Lu, Ruantian Miao and Ning Zhang

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 2024, 675, 336
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.07.017

Design of Fatigue‐Resistant Hydrogels

Zilong Han, Yuchen Lu and Shaoxing Qu

Adv Funct Materials, 2024, 34
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202313498

Solvation Behavior of Poly(sulfobetaine)-Based Diblock Copolymer Thin Films in Mixed Water/Methanol Vapors

Lucas P. Kreuzer, Christina Geiger, Tobias Widmann, Peixi Wang, Robert Cubitt, Viet Hildebrand, André Laschewsky, Christine M. Papadakis and Peter Müller-Buschbaum

Macromolecules, 2021, 54, 7147
DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01179

Nanocellulose based hydrogel for flexible sensors: Current progress and future perspective

Zhi Wang, Miaomiao Zhu, Jiaqi Li, Chenyao Hu, Jian Li, Ranhua Xiong and Chaobo Huang

Nano Energy, 2024, 129, 109974
DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2024.109974

Fracture of multilayer soft materials

Kunqing Yu, Yijie Cai and Zheng Jia

Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 2025, 314, 110747
DOI: 10.1016/j.engfracmech.2024.110747

Tunable Dual Temperature–Pressure Sensing and Parameter Self-Separating Based on Ionic Hydrogel via Multisynergistic Network Design

Shuangjiang Feng, Qiurong Li, Shuxue Wang, Bo Wang, Yatong Hou and Tao Zhang

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2019, 11, 21049
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b05214

Review on development and application of 4D-printing technology in smart textiles

Shuai Li

Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics, 2023, 18
DOI: 10.1177/15589250231177448

Poly(vinyl alcohol) Nanocrystal-Assisted Hydrogels with High Toughness and Elastic Modulus for Three-Dimensional Printing

Ang Li, Yi Si, Xiaohan Wang, Xianjing Jia, Xuhong Guo and Yisheng Xu

ACS Appl. Nano Mater., 2019, 2, 707
DOI: 10.1021/acsanm.8b01786

Three-Dimensional Co-Printing of Hydrogels and Elastomers for Facile Fabrication of Soft Electronics and Robotics

Shaojia Wang, Pengfei Xu, Runze Zuo, Zhanfeng Zhou and Xinyu Liu

IEEE Sensors J., 2025, 25, 30420
DOI: 10.1109/JSEN.2025.3564978