Detection of Amoxicillin by Lead Ferrite-Based Electrochemical Sensor

Abstract

Objective: The proposed study aims to develop an electrochemical sensor for quantifying amoxicillin (AMX) antibiotic using a lead ferrite nanoparticles-modified glassy carbon electrode (PbFe12O19-NPs/GCE). Methods: The PbFe12O19-NPs were synthesized by the sol-gel method. The synthesized PbFe12O19-NPs were characterized by spectroscopic techniques and employed to develop an electrochemical sensor (PbFe12O19-NPs/GCE). The PbFe12O19-NPs/GCE-based electrochemical characterization was accomplished by cyclic voltammetry (CV). Results: The characterization of PbFe12O19-NPs confirmed its hexagonal phase with rough morphology. The electrochemical characterization revealed the diffusion behaviour of PbFe12O19-NPs/GCE. PbFe12O19-NPs/GCE was applied for electrochemical detection of AMX in a dynamic range of 0.005 to 215 µM (R2 = 0.99) with a detection limit of 1.64 nM. The sensor was successfully applied to the analysis of biological and industrial/tap water samples, with recovery rates of 95.1 to 98.3%. Conclusion: The excellent performance of the developed electrochemical method confirms that it can be successfully applied for the routine analysis of AMX in different sample matrices.