Issue 8, 2024

Luminescent lanthanide complexes based on 4,5-di(3,5-dicarboxylphenoxy)phthalic acid as enhanced fluorescence probes for highly selective detection of lead(ii) ions in water

Abstract

Six novel lanthanide complexes ([Nd2(L)(H2O)6]n·4.58n(H2O) (1), [Ln(H3L)(H2O)]n·0.5n(H2O), Ln = Sm (2), Eu (3), Gd (4), Tb (5), Eu0.18Gd0.62Tb0.20 (6)) have been hydrothermally synthesized based on the ligand 4,5-di(3,5-dicarboxylphenoxy)phthalic acid (H6L). Single crystal X-ray diffraction reveals that complexes 1–6 are 2D structures, where 2–6 are isomorphic. Complexes 3 and 5 exhibit the characteristic fluorescence of Eu(III) and Tb(III) ions respectively, while complex 4 shows blue-green light emission based on the ligand. In particular, the ternary Eu/Gd/Tb complex 6 shows white light emission with a CIE (Commission International del'Eclairage) chromaticity coordinate of (0.330, 0.339) and hence close to pure white light emission. Moreover, complexes 3 and 5 display specific fluorescence-enhanced detection performance for Pb2+ ions: The interaction between Pb2+ ions and the ligand enhances the charge transfer efficiency between the ligand and the Eu(III) and Tb(III) ions and thus leads to fluorescence enhancement of complexes 3 and 5. More importantly, complex 3 exhibits the lowest detection limit of 4.72 nM for Pb2+ ions among the existing complex fluorescent probes. In addition, both complexes 3 and 5 show good performance for recycling and for the detection of Pb2+ in real water samples.

Graphical abstract: Luminescent lanthanide complexes based on 4,5-di(3,5-dicarboxylphenoxy)phthalic acid as enhanced fluorescence probes for highly selective detection of lead(ii) ions in water

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
09 12 2023
Accepted
29 1 2024
First published
30 1 2024

Dalton Trans., 2024,53, 3825-3835

Luminescent lanthanide complexes based on 4,5-di(3,5-dicarboxylphenoxy)phthalic acid as enhanced fluorescence probes for highly selective detection of lead(II) ions in water

W. Wei, A. Wang, L. Lu, C. Yuan, S. Feng, U. Englert and S. Ma, Dalton Trans., 2024, 53, 3825 DOI: 10.1039/D3DT04118B

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