Issue 24, 2023

Organized mineralized cellulose nanostructures for biomedical applications

Abstract

Cellulose is the most abundant naturally-occurring polymer, and possesses a one-dimensional (1D) anisotropic crystalline nanostructure with outstanding mechanical robustness, biocompatibility, renewability and rich surface chemistry in the form of nanocellulose in nature. Such features make cellulose an ideal bio-template for directing the bio-inspired mineralization of inorganic components into hierarchical nanostructures that are promising in biomedical applications. In this review, we will summarize the chemistry and nanostructure characteristics of cellulose and discuss how these favorable characteristics regulate the bio-inspired mineralization process for manufacturing the desired nanostructured bio-composites. We will focus on uncovering the design and manipulation principles of local chemical compositions/constituents and structural arrangement, distribution, dimensions, nanoconfinement and alignment of bio-inspired mineralization over multiple length-scales. In the end, we will underline how these cellulose biomineralized composites benefit biomedical applications. It is expected that this deep understanding of design and fabrication principles will enable construction of outstanding structural and functional cellulose/inorganic composites for more challenging biomedical applications.

Graphical abstract: Organized mineralized cellulose nanostructures for biomedical applications

Article information

Article type
Review Article
Submitted
30 11 2022
Accepted
25 1 2023
First published
21 2 2023
This article is Open Access
Creative Commons BY license

J. Mater. Chem. B, 2023,11, 5321-5349

Organized mineralized cellulose nanostructures for biomedical applications

Y. Feng, H. Cölfen and R. Xiong, J. Mater. Chem. B, 2023, 11, 5321 DOI: 10.1039/D2TB02611B

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